Digital Image Processing
|
|
- Curtis Riley
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Digital Image Processing Part 2: Image Enhancement Digital Image Processing Course Introduction in the Spatial Domain Lecture AASS Learning Systems Lab, Teknik Room T26 Course Book Chapter 3
2 Contents. Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain 2. Grey Level Transformations 3. Histogram Processing 4. Operations Involving Multiple Images 5. Spatial Filtering
3 Contents Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
4 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Image Enhancement image processing the result is supposed to be "more suitable" "more suitable" according to a certain application more suitable for visual interpretation
5 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain We want to create an image which is "better" in some sense. helps visual interpretation (brightening, sharpening ) subjective pre-processing for a subsequent image analysis algorithm performance metric (performance of a task) make the image more "specific" application dependent T f(x,y) g(x,y) original image (or set of images) new image
6 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Spatial Domain versus Frequency Domain spatial domain direct manipulation of the pixels discussed in this lecture three types of transformations in the spatial domain: pixel brightness transformations, point processing (depend only on the pixel value itself) spatial filters, local transformations or local processing (depend on a small neighbourhood around the pixel) geometric transformations frequency domain: modifications of the Fourier transform discussed in the next lectures
7 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Transformations in the Spatial Domain g ( x, y) = T[ f ( x, y)] standard approach: T is applied to a sub-image centred at (x,y) sub-image is called mask (kernel, filter, template, window) mask processing or filtering
8 Contents Gray Level Transformations
9 2 Grey Level Transformations Grey Level Transformations simplest case: each pixel in the output image depends only on the corresponding pixel in the input image x neighbourhood (point processing) examples (contrast stretching) s = T (r) s = T (r)
10 2 Grey Level Transformations Grey Level Transformations contrast stretching thresholding
11 2 Grey Level Transformations Common Grey Level Transformations (Single Image) linear identity inverse power law n. power n. root logarithmic... with more than one input image sum, mean statistical operations (variance, t-test )
12 2 Grey Level Transformations Common Grey Level Transformations (Single Image) linear identity inverse (negative) power law n. power n. root logarithmic
13 2 Grey Level Transformations Common Grey Level Transformations (Single Image) inverse transform
14 Contents Histogram Processing
15 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram shows the number of pixels per grey level
16 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram neutral transform
17 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram neutral transform inverse transform
18 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram neutral transform inverse transform logarithmic transform
19 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram brightness (addition / subtraction)
20 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram brightness (addition / subtraction) contrast (histogram stretching)
21 3 Histogram Processing Grey Scale Histogram brightness (addition / subtraction) contrast (histogram stretching)
22 2 Grey Level Transformations Contrast Stretching piecewise linear function
23 2 Grey Level Transformations Contrast Stretching piecewise linear function power law transformation (gamma transformation) γ s = cr
24 3 Histogram Processing Histogram Equalization contrast / brightness adjustments sometimes need to be automatised "optimal" contrast for an image? flat histogram histogram normalization to get a given shape for the histogram (see GW 3.3.2)
25 3 Histogram Processing Histogram Equalization consider the continuous case: probability density functions (PDFs) of s and r are related by transformation function = cumulative density function (CDF) ds dr p s ( s) = p r ( r) dr ds r T ( r) = p r ( ω) dω = s, r [,] p r ( r) T ( s) r d = T ( r) = pr ( ω) dω = pr ( r) p s ( s) = dr
26 Histogram Processing 3 Histogram Equalization discrete case does not generally produce a uniform PDF tends to spread the histogram enables automatic contrast stretching = = = = = k j j k j j r k k n n r p r T s ) ( ) ( n n r p k k r = ) (
27 3 Histogram Processing Histogram Equalization CDF
28 3 Histogram Processing Histogram Equalization
29 3 Histogram Processing Adaptive / Localized Histogram Equalization transform a single pixel by histogram equalization calculated over a square or rectangular neighbourhood original image global histogram equalization
30 3 Histogram Processing Adaptive / Localized Histogram Equalization transform a single pixel by histogram equalization calculated over a square or rectangular neighbourhood original image local histogram equalization (radius = )
31 3 Histogram Processing Adaptive / Localized Histogram Equalization transform a single pixel by histogram equalization calculated over a square or rectangular neighbourhood original image local histogram equalization (radius = 5)
32 3 Histogram Processing Adaptive / Localized Histogram Equalization transform a single pixel by histogram equalization calculated over a square or rectangular neighbourhood original image local histogram equalization (radius = 25)
33 3 Histogram Processing Adaptive / Localized Histogram Equalization transform a single pixel by histogram equalization calculated over a square or rectangular neighbourhood original image local histogram equalization (radius = 2)
34 3 Histogram Processing Use of Histogram Statistics for Image Enhancement idea: instead of using the image histogram directly, we can instead use statistical parameters derived from it mean: measure of average grey level in the image / neighbourhood variance: measure of average contrast in the image / neighbourhood example in GW (see chapter 3.3.4) compare local with global mean and variance and decide whether the pixel is processed or not g( x, y) = E f f ( x, y) ( x, y) if m k m AND k σ otherwise σ S x, y G G S x, y 2 G k σ
35 Contents Operations Involving Multiple Images
36 4 Operations Involving Multiple Images Operations Between Two or More Images image subtraction Angiography tracking
37 4 Operations Involving Multiple Images Image Subtraction DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) mask image live image DSA image
38 4 Operations Involving Multiple Images Image Subtraction tracking with a stationary camera background image live image difference image
39 4 Operations Involving Multiple Images Operations Between Two or More Images image subtraction Angiography tracking image averaging (GW 3.4.2) noise reduction background modeling
40 Contents Spatial Filtering
41 5 Spatial Filtering Neighbourhood Relations Between Pixels a pixel has 4 or 8 neighbours in 2D depending on the neighbour definition: 4-neighborhood each neighbor must share an edge with the pixel 8- neighborhood each neighbor must share an edge or a corner with the pixel
42 5 Spatial Filtering Basics of Spatial Filtering the pixel value in the output image is calculated from a local neighbourhood in the input image the local neighbourhood is described by a mask with a typical size of 3x3, 5x5, 7x7, pixels filtering is performed by moving the mask over the image the centre pixel in the output image is given a value that depends on the input image and the weights of the mask
43 5 Spatial Filtering Basics of Spatial Filtering filter subimage defines coefficients w(s,t) used to update pixel at (x,y)
44 5 Spatial Filtering Linear Spatial Filtering filter subimage defines coefficients w(s,t) response of the filter at point (x,y) is given by a sum of products a g ( x, y) = w( s, t) f ( x + s, y + t) s= at= b also called convolution (convolution mask) b (-,-) (-,) (-,) (,-) (,) (,) (,-) (,) (,)
45 5 Spatial Filtering Linear Spatial Filtering Implementation generic code: How to Deal With the Border? for P(x,y) in image for F(u,v) in filter Q(x,y) += F(u,v) P(x-u,y-v) end end limit excursion of the centre of the mask smaller image set outside pixel value zero border effects mirroring border pixel values border effects modify filter size along the border slower
46 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters (Averaging Filters) for blurring removal of small (irrelevant) details, bridging smallgaps for noise reduction Smoothing Spatial Filters Mean Filter need for normalization to conserve the total energy of the image (sum of all greylevels) quick results in severe edge blurring x /9
47 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters Mean Filter original Mean 5x5 Mean x
48 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters Gaussian Filter weighted average 2D Gaussian kernel higher weight in the centre to decrease blurring Why a Gaussian? simple model of blurring in optical systems smooth x /
49 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters Median Filter take the values of the input image corresponding to the desired sub-window (3x3, 5x5, ) sort them take the middle value (example: 3x3 the 5th largest) forces pixels with distinct grey levels to be more like their neighbours very good at reduce salt-and-pepper noise less blurring than linear filters of the same size
50 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters Median Filter take the median value over the sub-window X ray image of a circuit board Average 3x3 Median 3x3
51 5 Spatial Filtering Smoothing Spatial Filters Median Filter take the median value over the sub-window original image mean 3x3 mean 5x5 mean x
52 5 Spatial Filtering Order Statistics Filters (Fractile Filters) median min, max useful in mathematical morphology percentile generalization of median, min, max % percentile min (%) median (5%) max (%)
53 5 Spatial Filtering Order Statistics Filters (Fractile Filters) median min, max useful in mathematical morphology percentile generalization of median, min, max order statistics filters are nonlinear filters order statistics do not have an equivalent in the frequency domain
54 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters highlight fine detail (also noise) enhance edges uses image differentiation Sharpening Spatial Filters D approximation to st Order Derivation equivalent to the D convolution mask f x f ( x + ) f ( x) -
55 Spatial Filtering 5 Gradient and Magnitude of the Gradient Sharpening Spatial Filters Based on the Gradient Roberts Sobel Prewitt y f x f y f x f f + + = 2 2 = y f x f f,
56 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Roberts (cross gradient operators) f f f + = G x + G x y 2 masks approximate G x and G y in y - -
57 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Sobel Operators 2 masks approximate G x and G y in detects horizontal and vertical edges f f f + = G x + G y x y rotations give the other 6 convolution masks, including diagonal edges
58 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Sobel Operators weight 2 is supposed to smooth by emphasizing the centre
59 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Sobel Operators detection of vertical dark-light edges
60 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Sobel Operators combination of all the directional responses
61 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Prewitt gradient edge detector f f f + = G x + G x y 2 masks approximate G x and G y in y
62 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters comparison between Sobel and Prewitt operator Sobel (~ G x + G y ) Prewitt (~ G x + G y )
63 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters highlight fine detail (also noise) enhance edges uses image differentiation Sharpening Spatial Filters D approximation to st order derivation approximation to 2 nd order derivation 2 f = f ( x + ) + f ( x ) 2 f ( x) 2 x equivalent to the D convolution mask -2
64 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Laplace Filter Laplacian (second order derivative) f f = x y thinner edges not so strong response to a step better response to fine details double response to edges rotation independent one mask for all edges
65 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Laplace Filter Laplacian (second order derivative) 2 = 2 f 2 x + 2 f 2 y 2 f 2 x = f ( x + ) + f ( x ) 2 f ( x) filter masks to implement the Laplacian add the "digital implementation" of the two terms in the Laplacian (9 rotation symmetry) add also diagonal terms (45 rotation symmetry) -4 negative values re-scale -8
66 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Laplace Filter detection of edges independent of direction isotropic with respect to 9 rotations
67 5 Spatial Filtering ] Sharpening Spatial Filters Laplace Filter \ Laplace filter + original image sharpening
68 5 Spatial Filtering Sharpening Spatial Filters Laplace filter + original image sharpening
69 5 Spatial Filtering ] Sharpening Spatial Filters Unsharp Masking \ analog equivalent used in publishing industry \ basic idea: subtract blurred version of an image from original image to generate the edges
Achim J. Lilienthal Mobile Robotics and Olfaction Lab, AASS, Örebro University
Achim J. Lilienthal Mobile Robotics and Olfaction Lab, Room T29, Mo, -2 o'clock AASS, Örebro University (please drop me an email in advance) achim.lilienthal@oru.se 4.!!!!!!!!! Pre-Class Reading!!!!!!!!!
More informationDigital Image Processing
Digital Image Processing Part : Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain AASS Learning Systems Lab, Dep. Teknik Room T9 (Fr, - o'clock) achim.lilienthal@oru.se Course Book Chapter 3-4- Contents. Image Enhancement
More informationCoE4TN4 Image Processing. Chapter 3: Intensity Transformation and Spatial Filtering
CoE4TN4 Image Processing Chapter 3: Intensity Transformation and Spatial Filtering Image Enhancement Enhancement techniques: to process an image so that the result is more suitable than the original image
More informationIMAGE ENHANCEMENT IN SPATIAL DOMAIN
A First Course in Machine Vision IMAGE ENHANCEMENT IN SPATIAL DOMAIN By: Ehsan Khoramshahi Definitions The principal objective of enhancement is to process an image so that the result is more suitable
More informationProf. Vidya Manian Dept. of Electrical and Comptuer Engineering
Image Processing Intensity Transformations Chapter 3 Prof. Vidya Manian Dept. of Electrical and Comptuer Engineering INEL 5327 ECE, UPRM Intensity Transformations 1 Overview Background Basic intensity
More informationPractical Image and Video Processing Using MATLAB
Practical Image and Video Processing Using MATLAB Chapter 10 Neighborhood processing What will we learn? What is neighborhood processing and how does it differ from point processing? What is convolution
More informationImage Filtering. Median Filtering
Image Filtering Image filtering is used to: Remove noise Sharpen contrast Highlight contours Detect edges Other uses? Image filters can be classified as linear or nonlinear. Linear filters are also know
More informationEE482: Digital Signal Processing Applications
Professor Brendan Morris, SEB 3216, brendan.morris@unlv.edu EE482: Digital Signal Processing Applications Spring 2014 TTh 14:30-15:45 CBC C222 Lecture 15 Image Processing 14/04/15 http://www.ee.unlv.edu/~b1morris/ee482/
More informationDigital Image Processing
Digital Image Processing Lecture # 5 Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain- I ALI JAVED Lecturer SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT U.E.T TAXILA Email:: ali.javed@uettaxila.edu.pk Office Room #:: 7 Presentation
More informationCSE 564: Scientific Visualization
CSE 564: Scientific Visualization Lecture 5: Image Processing Klaus Mueller Stony Brook University Computer Science Department Klaus Mueller, Stony Brook 2003 Image Processing Definitions Purpose: - enhance
More informationFiltering in the spatial domain (Spatial Filtering)
Filtering in the spatial domain (Spatial Filtering) refers to image operators that change the gray value at any pixel (x,y) depending on the pixel values in a square neighborhood centered at (x,y) using
More informationTable of contents. Vision industrielle 2002/2003. Local and semi-local smoothing. Linear noise filtering: example. Convolution: introduction
Table of contents Vision industrielle 2002/2003 Session - Image Processing Département Génie Productique INSA de Lyon Christian Wolf wolf@rfv.insa-lyon.fr Introduction Motivation, human vision, history,
More informationImage Enhancement in spatial domain. Digital Image Processing GW Chapter 3 from Section (pag 110) Part 2: Filtering in spatial domain
Image Enhancement in spatial domain Digital Image Processing GW Chapter 3 from Section 3.4.1 (pag 110) Part 2: Filtering in spatial domain Mask mode radiography Image subtraction in medical imaging 2 Range
More informationTDI2131 Digital Image Processing
TDI2131 Digital Image Processing Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain Lecture 3 John See Faculty of Information Technology Multimedia University Some portions of content adapted from Zhu Liu, AT&T Labs.
More informationImage Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Algorithms for improving the visual appearance of images Gamma correction Contrast improvements Histogram equalization Noise reduction Image sharpening Optimality
More informationFilip Malmberg 1TD396 fall 2018 Today s lecture
Today s lecture Local neighbourhood processing Convolution smoothing an image sharpening an image And more What is it? What is it useful for? How can I compute it? Removing uncorrelated noise from an image
More informationLast Lecture. Lecture 2, Point Processing GW , & , Ida-Maria Which image is wich channel?
Last Lecture Lecture 2, Point Processing GW 2.6-2.6.4, & 3.1-3.4, Ida-Maria Ida.sintorn@it.uu.se Digitization -sampling in space (x,y) -sampling in amplitude (intensity) How often should you sample in
More informationMidterm Review. Image Processing CSE 166 Lecture 10
Midterm Review Image Processing CSE 166 Lecture 10 Topics covered Image acquisition, geometric transformations, and image interpolation Intensity transformations Spatial filtering Fourier transform and
More informationCS534 Introduction to Computer Vision. Linear Filters. Ahmed Elgammal Dept. of Computer Science Rutgers University
CS534 Introduction to Computer Vision Linear Filters Ahmed Elgammal Dept. of Computer Science Rutgers University Outlines What are Filters Linear Filters Convolution operation Properties of Linear Filters
More informationImage acquisition. Midterm Review. Digitization, line of image. Digitization, whole image. Geometric transformations. Interpolation 10/26/2016
Image acquisition Midterm Review Image Processing CSE 166 Lecture 10 2 Digitization, line of image Digitization, whole image 3 4 Geometric transformations Interpolation CSE 166 Transpose these matrices
More informationIMAGE PROCESSING: AREA OPERATIONS (FILTERING)
IMAGE PROCESSING: AREA OPERATIONS (FILTERING) N. C. State University CSC557 Multimedia Computing and Networking Fall 2001 Lecture # 13 IMAGE PROCESSING: AREA OPERATIONS (FILTERING) N. C. State University
More informationNon Linear Image Enhancement
Non Linear Image Enhancement SAIYAM TAKKAR Jaypee University of information technology, 2013 SIMANDEEP SINGH Jaypee University of information technology, 2013 Abstract An image enhancement algorithm based
More informationDigital Image Processing. Lecture # 3 Image Enhancement
Digital Image Processing Lecture # 3 Image Enhancement 1 Image Enhancement Image Enhancement 3 Image Enhancement 4 Image Enhancement Process an image so that the result is more suitable than the original
More informationImage Enhancement in the Spatial Domain (Part 1)
Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain (Part 1) Lecturer: Dr. Hossam Hassan Email : hossameldin.hassan@eng.asu.edu.eg Computers and Systems Engineering Principle Objective of Enhancement Process an image
More informationImage Enhancement using Histogram Equalization and Spatial Filtering
Image Enhancement using Histogram Equalization and Spatial Filtering Fari Muhammad Abubakar 1 1 Department of Electronics Engineering Tianjin University of Technology and Education (TUTE) Tianjin, P.R.
More informationImage Enhancement. DD2423 Image Analysis and Computer Vision. Computational Vision and Active Perception School of Computer Science and Communication
Image Enhancement DD2423 Image Analysis and Computer Vision Mårten Björkman Computational Vision and Active Perception School of Computer Science and Communication November 15, 2013 Mårten Björkman (CVAP)
More informationChapter 3 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain. Chapter 3 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
It makes all the difference whether one sees darkness through the light or brightness through the shadows. - David Lindsay 3.1 Background 76 3.2 Some Basic Gray Level Transformations 78 3.3 Histogram Processing
More informationComputer Vision. Intensity transformations
Computer Vision Intensity transformations Filippo Bergamasco (filippo.bergamasco@unive.it) http://www.dais.unive.it/~bergamasco DAIS, Ca Foscari University of Venice Academic year 2016/2017 Introduction
More informationImages and Filters. EE/CSE 576 Linda Shapiro
Images and Filters EE/CSE 576 Linda Shapiro What is an image? 2 3 . We sample the image to get a discrete set of pixels with quantized values. 2. For a gray tone image there is one band F(r,c), with values
More informationPreparing Remote Sensing Data for Natural Resources Mapping (image enhancement, rectifications )
Preparing Remote Sensing Data for Natural Resources Mapping (image enhancement, rectifications ) Why is this important What are the major approaches Examples of digital image enhancement Follow up exercises
More informationPart I Feature Extraction (1) Image Enhancement. CSc I6716 Spring Local, meaningful, detectable parts of the image.
CSc I6716 Spring 211 Introduction Part I Feature Extraction (1) Zhigang Zhu, City College of New York zhu@cs.ccny.cuny.edu Image Enhancement What are Image Features? Local, meaningful, detectable parts
More informationSpatial Domain Processing and Image Enhancement
Spatial Domain Processing and Image Enhancement Lecture 4, Feb 18 th, 2008 Lexing Xie EE4830 Digital Image Processing http://www.ee.columbia.edu/~xlx/ee4830/ thanks to Shahram Ebadollahi and Min Wu for
More informationCS/ECE 545 (Digital Image Processing) Midterm Review
CS/ECE 545 (Digital Image Processing) Midterm Review Prof Emmanuel Agu Computer Science Dept. Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) Exam Overview Wednesday, March 5, 2014 in class Will cover up to lecture
More information1.Discuss the frequency domain techniques of image enhancement in detail.
1.Discuss the frequency domain techniques of image enhancement in detail. Enhancement In Frequency Domain: The frequency domain methods of image enhancement are based on convolution theorem. This is represented
More informationImage analysis. CS/CME/BIOPHYS/BMI 279 Fall 2015 Ron Dror
Image analysis CS/CME/BIOPHYS/BMI 279 Fall 2015 Ron Dror A two- dimensional image can be described as a function of two variables f(x,y). For a grayscale image, the value of f(x,y) specifies the brightness
More informationLAB MANUAL SUBJECT: IMAGE PROCESSING BE (COMPUTER) SEM VII
LAB MANUAL SUBJECT: IMAGE PROCESSING BE (COMPUTER) SEM VII IMAGE PROCESSING INDEX CLASS: B.E(COMPUTER) SR. NO SEMESTER:VII TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT. 1 Point processing in spatial domain a. Negation of an
More informationTo process an image so that the result is more suitable than the original image for a specific application.
by Shahid Farid 1 To process an image so that the result is more suitable than the original image for a specific application. Categories: Spatial domain methods and Frequency domain methods 2 Procedures
More informationImage Processing for feature extraction
Image Processing for feature extraction 1 Outline Rationale for image pre-processing Gray-scale transformations Geometric transformations Local preprocessing Reading: Sonka et al 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 2 Image
More informationIntroduction. Computer Vision. CSc I6716 Fall Part I. Image Enhancement. Zhigang Zhu, City College of New York
CSc I6716 Fall 21 Introduction Part I Feature Extraction ti (1) Zhigang Zhu, City College of New York zhu@cs.ccny.cuny.edu Image Enhancement What are Image Features? Local, meaningful, detectable parts
More informationDIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (COM-3371) Week 2 - January 14, 2002
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (COM-3371) Week 2 - January 14, 22 Topics: Human eye Visual phenomena Simple image model Image enhancement Point processes Histogram Lookup tables Contrast compression and stretching
More informationImage Filtering. Reading Today s Lecture. Reading for Next Time. What would be the result? Some Questions from Last Lecture
Image Filtering HCI/ComS 575X: Computational Perception Instructor: Alexander Stoytchev http://www.cs.iastate.edu/~alex/classes/2007_spring_575x/ January 24, 2007 HCI/ComS 575X: Computational Perception
More informationImage Processing. Adam Finkelstein Princeton University COS 426, Spring 2019
Image Processing Adam Finkelstein Princeton University COS 426, Spring 2019 Image Processing Operations Luminance Brightness Contrast Gamma Histogram equalization Color Grayscale Saturation White balance
More informationDIGITAL IMAGE DE-NOISING FILTERS A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND ROBOTICS ISSN 2320-7345 DIGITAL IMAGE DE-NOISING FILTERS A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY Jaskaranjit Kaur 1, Ranjeet Kaur 2 1 M.Tech (CSE) Student,
More information8.2 IMAGE PROCESSING VERSUS IMAGE ANALYSIS Image processing: The collection of routines and
8.1 INTRODUCTION In this chapter, we will study and discuss some fundamental techniques for image processing and image analysis, with a few examples of routines developed for certain purposes. 8.2 IMAGE
More informationVision Review: Image Processing. Course web page:
Vision Review: Image Processing Course web page: www.cis.udel.edu/~cer/arv September 7, Announcements Homework and paper presentation guidelines are up on web page Readings for next Tuesday: Chapters 6,.,
More informationReading Instructions Chapters for this lecture. Computer Assisted Image Analysis Lecture 2 Point Processing. Image Processing
1/34 Reading Instructions Chapters for this lecture 2/34 Computer Assisted Image Analysis Lecture 2 Point Processing Anders Brun (anders@cb.uu.se) Centre for Image Analysis Swedish University of Agricultural
More informationSECTION I - CHAPTER 2 DIGITAL IMAGING PROCESSING CONCEPTS
RADT 3463 - COMPUTERIZED IMAGING Section I: Chapter 2 RADT 3463 Computerized Imaging 1 SECTION I - CHAPTER 2 DIGITAL IMAGING PROCESSING CONCEPTS RADT 3463 COMPUTERIZED IMAGING Section I: Chapter 2 RADT
More informationImage Processing. 2. Point Processes. Computer Engineering, Sejong University Dongil Han. Spatial domain processing
Image Processing 2. Point Processes Computer Engineering, Sejong University Dongil Han Spatial domain processing g(x,y) = T[f(x,y)] f(x,y) : input image g(x,y) : processed image T[.] : operator on f, defined
More informationTIRF, geometric operators
TIRF, geometric operators Last class FRET TIRF This class Finish up of TIRF Geometric image processing TIRF light confinement II(zz) = II 0 ee zz/dd 1 TIRF Intensity for d = 300 nm 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Relative
More informationImage Filtering Josef Pelikán & Alexander Wilkie CGG MFF UK Praha
Image Filtering 1995-216 Josef Pelikán & Alexander Wilkie CGG MFF UK Praha pepca@cgg.mff.cuni.cz http://cgg.mff.cuni.cz/~pepca/ 1 / 32 Image Histograms Frequency table of individual brightness (and sometimes
More informationA.V.C. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT OF CSE CP7004- IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS UNIT 1- QUESTION BANK
A.V.C. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT OF CSE CP7004- IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS UNIT 1- QUESTION BANK STAFF NAME: TAMILSELVAN K UNIT I SPATIAL DOMAIN PROCESSING Introduction to image processing
More informationDigital Image Fundamentals and Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
Digital Image Fundamentals and Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Mohamed N. Ahmed, Ph.D. Introduction An image may be defined as 2D function f(x,y), where x and y are spatial coordinates. The amplitude
More informationComputer Graphics Fundamentals
Computer Graphics Fundamentals Jacek Kęsik, PhD Simple converts Rotations Translations Flips Resizing Geometry Rotation n * 90 degrees other Geometry Rotation n * 90 degrees other Geometry Translations
More informationChapter 2 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
Chapter 2 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Abstract Although the transform domain processing is essential, as the images naturally occur in the spatial domain, image enhancement in the spatial domain
More informationCSE 564: Visualization. Image Operations. Motivation. Provide the user (scientist, t doctor, ) with some means to: Global operations:
Motivation CSE 564: Visualization mage Operations Klaus Mueller Computer Science Department Stony Brook University Provide the user (scientist, t doctor, ) with some means to: enhance contrast of local
More informationEnhancement Techniques for True Color Images in Spatial Domain
Enhancement Techniques for True Color Images in Spatial Domain 1 I. Suneetha, 2 Dr. T. Venkateswarlu 1 Dept. of ECE, AITS, Tirupati, India 2 Dept. of ECE, S.V.University College of Engineering, Tirupati,
More informationImage Enhancement. Image Enhancement
SPATIAL FILTERING g h * h g FREQUENCY DOMAIN FILTERING G H. F F H G Copright RMR / RDL - 999. PEE53 - Processamento Digital de Imagens LOW PASS FILTERING attenuate or eliminate high-requenc components
More informationComputing for Engineers in Python
Computing for Engineers in Python Lecture 10: Signal (Image) Processing Autumn 2011-12 Some slides incorporated from Benny Chor s course 1 Lecture 9: Highlights Sorting, searching and time complexity Preprocessing
More informationDigital Image Processing. Lecture # 4 Image Enhancement (Histogram)
Digital Image Processing Lecture # 4 Image Enhancement (Histogram) 1 Histogram of a Grayscale Image Let I be a 1-band (grayscale) image. I(r,c) is an 8-bit integer between 0 and 255. Histogram, h I, of
More informationINSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING Dundigal, Hyderabad
INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043 ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK Course Title Course Code Class Branch DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING A70436 IV B. Tech.
More informationJune 30 th, 2008 Lesson notes taken from professor Hongmei Zhu class.
P. 1 June 30 th, 008 Lesson notes taken from professor Hongmei Zhu class. Sharpening Spatial Filters. 4.1 Introduction Smoothing or blurring is accomplished in the spatial domain by pixel averaging in
More informationAnalysis of infrared images in integrated-circuit techniques by mathematical filtering
10 th International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography July 27-30, 2010, Québec (Canada) Analysis of infrared images in integrated-circuit techniques by mathematical filtering by I. Benkö
More informationVU Signal and Image Processing. Image Enhancement. Torsten Möller + Hrvoje Bogunović + Raphael Sahann
052600 VU Signal and Image Processing Image Enhancement Torsten Möller + Hrvoje Bogunović + Raphael Sahann torsten.moeller@univie.ac.at hrvoje.bogunovic@meduniwien.ac.at raphael.sahann@univie.ac.at vda.cs.univie.ac.at/teaching/sip/17s/
More informationFiltering Images in the Spatial Domain Chapter 3b G&W. Ross Whitaker (modified by Guido Gerig) School of Computing University of Utah
Filtering Images in the Spatial Domain Chapter 3b G&W Ross Whitaker (modified by Guido Gerig) School of Computing University of Utah 1 Overview Correlation and convolution Linear filtering Smoothing, kernels,
More informationImage filtering, image operations. Jana Kosecka
Image filtering, image operations Jana Kosecka - photometric aspects of image formation - gray level images - point-wise operations - linear filtering Image Brightness values I(x,y) Images Images contain
More informationECC419 IMAGE PROCESSING
ECC419 IMAGE PROCESSING INTRODUCTION Image Processing Image processing is a subclass of signal processing concerned specifically with pictures. Digital Image Processing, process digital images by means
More informationAnna University, Chennai B.E./B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY/JUNE 2013 Seventh Semester
www.vidyarthiplus.com Anna University, Chennai B.E./B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY/JUNE 2013 Seventh Semester Electronics and Communication Engineering EC 2029 / EC 708 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (Regulation
More informationImage Processing COS 426
Image Processing COS 426 What is a Digital Image? A digital image is a discrete array of samples representing a continuous 2D function Continuous function Discrete samples Limitations on Digital Images
More information1. (a) Explain the process of Image acquisition. (b) Discuss different elements used in digital image processing system. [8+8]
Code No: R05410408 Set No. 1 1. (a) Explain the process of Image acquisition. (b) Discuss different elements used in digital image processing system. [8+8] 2. (a) Find Fourier transform 2 -D sinusoidal
More informationIMAGE ENHANCEMENT - POINT PROCESSING
1 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT - POINT PROCESSING KOM3212 Image Processing in Industrial Systems Some of the contents are adopted from R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 2nd edition, Prentice
More informationA Study On Preprocessing A Mammogram Image Using Adaptive Median Filter
A Study On Preprocessing A Mammogram Image Using Adaptive Median Filter Dr.K.Meenakshi Sundaram 1, D.Sasikala 2, P.Aarthi Rani 3 Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, Erode Arts and Science
More informationFrequency Domain Enhancement
Tutorial Report Frequency Domain Enhancement Page 1 of 21 Frequency Domain Enhancement ESE 558 - DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING Tutorial Report Instructor: Murali Subbarao Written by: Tutorial Report Frequency
More informationCS 4501: Introduction to Computer Vision. Filtering and Edge Detection
CS 451: Introduction to Computer Vision Filtering and Edge Detection Connelly Barnes Slides from Jason Lawrence, Fei Fei Li, Juan Carlos Niebles, Misha Kazhdan, Allison Klein, Tom Funkhouser, Adam Finkelstein,
More informationDigital Image Processing Chapter 3: Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain
Digital Image Processing Chapter 3: Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Principle Objective o Enhancement Process an image so that the result will be more suitable than the original image or a speciic
More informationImage Enhancement in Spatial Domain
Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain 2 Image enhancement is a process, rather a preprocessing step, through which an original image is made suitable for a specific application. The application scenarios
More informationFiltering. Image Enhancement Spatial and Frequency Based
Filtering Image Enhancement Spatial and Frequency Based Brent M. Dingle, Ph.D. 2015 Game Design and Development Program Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science University of Wisconsin - Stout Lecture
More information>>> from numpy import random as r >>> I = r.rand(256,256);
WHAT IS AN IMAGE? >>> from numpy import random as r >>> I = r.rand(256,256); Think-Pair-Share: - What is this? What does it look like? - Which values does it take? - How many values can it take? - Is it
More informationChapter 3. Study and Analysis of Different Noise Reduction Filters
Chapter 3 Study and Analysis of Different Noise Reduction Filters Noise is considered to be any measurement that is not part of the phenomena of interest. Departure of ideal signal is generally referred
More informationLecture 4: Spatial Domain Processing and Image Enhancement
I2200: Digital Image processing Lecture 4: Spatial Domain Processing and Image Enhancement Prof. YingLi Tian Sept. 27, 2017 Department of Electrical Engineering The City College of New York The City University
More informationImage restoration and color image processing
1 Enabling Technologies for Sports (5XSF0) Image restoration and color image processing Sveta Zinger ( s.zinger@tue.nl ) What is image restoration? 2 Reconstructing or recovering an image that has been
More informationSharpening Spatial Filters ( high pass)
Sharpening Spatial Filters ( high pass) Previously we have looked at smoothing filters which remove fine detail Sharpening spatial filters seek to highlight fine detail Remove blurring from images Highlight
More informationLecture No Image Filtering (course: Computer Vision)
Lecture No. 34-35 Image Filtering (course: Computer Vision) e- mail: naeemmahoto@gmail.com Department of So9ware Engineering, Mehran UET Jamshoro, Sind, Pakistan Enhancement using Arithme0c/ Logic Opera0ons
More informationImage Enhancement contd. An example of low pass filters is:
Image Enhancement contd. An example of low pass filters is: We saw: unsharp masking is just a method to emphasize high spatial frequencies. We get a similar effect using high pass filters (for instance,
More informationDigital Image Processing. Lecture 5 (Enhancement) Bu-Ali Sina University Computer Engineering Dep. Fall 2009
Digital Image Processing Lecture 5 (Enhancement) Bu-Ali Sina University Computer Engineering Dep. Fall 2009 Outline Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain Histogram based methods Histogram Equalization Local
More informationDigital Image Processing. Digital Image Fundamentals II 12 th June, 2017
Digital Image Processing Digital Image Fundamentals II 12 th June, 2017 Image Enhancement Image Enhancement Types of Image Enhancement Operations Neighborhood Operations on Images Spatial Filtering Filtering
More informationBSB663 Image Processing Pinar Duygulu. Slides are adapted from Gonzales & Woods, Emmanuel Agu Suleyman Tosun
BSB663 Image Processing Pinar Duygulu Slides are adapted from Gonzales & Woods, Emmanuel Agu Suleyman Tosun Histograms Histograms Histograms Histograms Histograms Interpreting histograms Histograms Image
More informationProf. Feng Liu. Winter /10/2019
Prof. Feng Liu Winter 29 http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~fliu/courses/cs4/ //29 Last Time Course overview Admin. Info Computer Vision Computer Vision at PSU Image representation Color 2 Today Filter 3 Today Filters
More informationImage analysis. CS/CME/BioE/Biophys/BMI 279 Oct. 31 and Nov. 2, 2017 Ron Dror
Image analysis CS/CME/BioE/Biophys/BMI 279 Oct. 31 and Nov. 2, 2017 Ron Dror 1 Outline Images in molecular and cellular biology Reducing image noise Mean and Gaussian filters Frequency domain interpretation
More informationDigital Image Processing
Digital Image Processing Dr. T.R. Ganesh Babu Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal Dist. S. Leo Pauline Assistant Professor,
More informationMidterm Examination CS 534: Computational Photography
Midterm Examination CS 534: Computational Photography November 3, 2015 NAME: SOLUTIONS Problem Score Max Score 1 8 2 8 3 9 4 4 5 3 6 4 7 6 8 13 9 7 10 4 11 7 12 10 13 9 14 8 Total 100 1 1. [8] What are
More informationComputer Vision, Lecture 3
Computer Vision, Lecture 3 Professor Hager http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~hager /4/200 CS 46, Copyright G.D. Hager Outline for Today Image noise Filtering by Convolution Properties of Convolution /4/200 CS 46,
More informationImage preprocessing in spatial domain
Image preprocessing in spatial domain convolution, convolution theorem, cross-correlation Revision:.3, dated: December 7, 5 Tomáš Svoboda Czech Technical University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering Center
More informationPRACTICAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING USING MATLAB
PRACTICAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING USING MATLAB OGE MARQUES Florida Atlantic University *IEEE IEEE PRESS WWILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES FOREWORD
More informationNON UNIFORM BACKGROUND REMOVAL FOR PARTICLE ANALYSIS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURING ELEMENT:
IJCE January-June 2012, Volume 4, Number 1 pp. 59 67 NON UNIFORM BACKGROUND REMOVAL FOR PARTICLE ANALYSIS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURING ELEMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY Prabhdeep Singh1 & A. K. Garg2
More informationPerformance Evaluation of Edge Detection Techniques for Square Pixel and Hexagon Pixel images
Performance Evaluation of Edge Detection Techniques for Square Pixel and Hexagon Pixel images Keshav Thakur 1, Er Pooja Gupta 2,Dr.Kuldip Pahwa 3, 1,M.Tech Final Year Student, Deptt. of ECE, MMU Ambala,
More informationChapter 6. [6]Preprocessing
Chapter 6 [6]Preprocessing As mentioned in chapter 4, the first stage in the HCR pipeline is preprocessing of the image. We have seen in earlier chapters why this is very important and at the same time
More informationMore image filtering , , Computational Photography Fall 2017, Lecture 4
More image filtering http://graphics.cs.cmu.edu/courses/15-463 15-463, 15-663, 15-862 Computational Photography Fall 2017, Lecture 4 Course announcements Any questions about Homework 1? - How many of you
More informationLast Lecture. photomatix.com
Last Lecture photomatix.com HDR Video Assorted pixel (Single Exposure HDR) Assorted pixel Assorted pixel Pixel with Adaptive Exposure Control light attenuator element detector element T t+1 I t controller
More informationDigital Image Processing
Digital Image Processing 3. Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain - Filters Computer Engineering, Sejong Universit Spatial Filtering 마스크 mask) w-,-) w-,) w-,) w,-) w,) w,) w,-) w,) w,) -,-) -, -,),-),,),-),,)
More informationImage analysis. CS/CME/BioE/Biophys/BMI 279 Oct. 31 and Nov. 2, 2017 Ron Dror
Image analysis CS/CME/BioE/Biophys/BMI 279 Oct. 31 and Nov. 2, 2017 Ron Dror 1 Outline Images in molecular and cellular biology Reducing image noise Mean and Gaussian filters Frequency domain interpretation
More information