Cinematography. The art or technique of film photography, including both the shooting and development of the film. Director Of Photography (DP)
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1 Cinematography
2 Cinematography The art or technique of film photography, including both the shooting and development of the film. Cinematographer Director Of Photography (DP) Cameraman/Camerawoman
3 Tools of the DP Light meter Lenses Film stock Processing and post Camera Dolly Crane Lights
4 Cinematography has an emotional component The DP must capture the visuals required to tell the story the director wants to tell.
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7 A cinematographer must break down every scene of a movie understand what is being said (both in dialogue and unspoken themes of the film) capture images that create the proper mood, character portrayal and emotional current of each scene.
8 PROCESS Read script Meet with director Scout locations Shot list Storyboards Tech Scout Order equipment
9 Common Phrases To Know SHOT one uninterrupted run of the camera TAKE indicates the number of times a particular shot is taken SET-UP one camera position and everything photographed from there SCENE a series of shots edited together that cover a unified portion of the script
10 Glossary of Shots
11 LONG SHOT (LS) Typically shows the full human body filling the frame and some of the surroundings.
12 MEDIUM SHOT (MS) Shows the human body from the waist up, either standing or sitting. Proximity without intimacy Provides more detail than a Long Shot
13 CLOSE-UP (CU) Fills the frame. Focuses attention on a detail - laughter, tears, beauty, horror. Shows subtle emotion on an actors face. Actor can just raise an eyebrow to convey a thought without saying words.
14 EXTREME CLOSE-UP (ECU) Tighter version of the CU focused on one small but important detail In this example, the eyes on a face, hands running across a letter a tongue licking an envelope.
15 MEDIUM LONG SHOT (MLS) Looser Medium shot, framing from the midleg to above the head.
16 MEDIUM CLOSE-UP (MCU) A cross between the medium and close-up shots. More intimate than a medium shot.
17 Glossary of Angles
18 EYE LEVEL the camera is positioned so that the eyes of the character are just above the mid-point of the frame, similar to how another person might see them in real life. This is the most neutral of all camera positions.
19 HIGH ANGLE the camera is positioned above the subject and looks down on it, conveying a feeling of helplessness or insignificance.
20 LOW ANGLE positioned below the subject looking upward, making the subject seem powerful and impressive
21 DUTCH ANGLE the camera is tilted so that horizontal plane crosses the frame on a diagonal.
22 POINT OF VIEW (POV) From the point of view of one of the characters - we are seeing what they see
23 OVER THE SHOULDER (OTS) This shot captures the spatial relationship of the characters and allows both to be in the frame while facing each other
24 ESTABLISHING SHOT shows an entire location. Often used as an establishing or scene ending shot.
25 DEPTH OF FIELD 3 Planes the foreground (nearest to the camera) middle ground background (furthest from the camera)
26 CAMERA MOVES
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30 Lighting Source Quality Direction Color
31 SOURCE Natural - daylight, sunshine Artificial- created
32 QUALITY Soft, hard, diffuse, focused
33 Sets the tone, picks a point of emphasis DIRECTION
34 COLOR Sets mood, time and place, emotional tone
35 3 Point Lighting
36 The standard film lighting setup consists of three elements: Key light- Main lighting source Fill light- Handles shadows Backlight- Separates subject from the background
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38 Key Light The key light is the main light and first light you set. It is the strongest light and usually comes from a high angle and from the side.
39 Fill Light The fill light is either a weaker light or a reflector. It fills in the shadow for the key light.
40 Backlight The backlight serves to create an edge light that separates your subject from the background.
41 Hollywood 3 point
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47 FINIS
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