ISO Assistive products for blind and visionimpaired persons Tactile walking surface indicators

Transcription

1 Provläningexemplar / Preview INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO Firt edition Aitive product for blind and viionimpaired peron Tactile walking urface indicator Produit d aitance pour peronne aveugle ou viuellement affaiblie Indicateur tactile de urface de marche Reference number ISO 2012

2 Provläningexemplar / Preview ISO 2012 COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT All right reerved. Unle otherwie pecified, no part of thi publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any mean, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permiion in writing from either ISO at the addre below or ISO member body in the country of the requeter. ISO copyright office Cae potale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel Fax copyright@io.org Web Publihed in Switzerland ii ISO 2012 All right reerved

3 Provläningexemplar / Preview Content Page Foreword... iv Introduction... v 1 Scope Term and definition General proviion General principle Detecting and ditinguihing TWSI Requirement and recommendation Specification for hape and dimenion of TWSI Surrounding or adjacent urface Viual contrat Material Intallation...10 Annex A (informative) Luminance contrat...12 Annex B (informative) Example of intallation of TWSI in pecific ituation Bibliography...35 ISO 2012 All right reerved iii

4 Provläningexemplar / Preview Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) i a worldwide federation of national tandard bodie (ISO member bodie). The work of preparing International Standard i normally carried out through ISO technical committee. Each member body intereted in a ubject for which a technical committee ha been etablihed ha the right to be repreented on that committee. International organization, governmental and non-governmental, in liaion with ISO, alo take part in the work. ISO collaborate cloely with the International Electrotechnical Commiion (IEC) on all matter of electrotechnical tandardization. International Standard are drafted in accordance with the rule given in the ISO/IEC Directive, Part 2. The main tak of technical committee i to prepare International Standard. Draft International Standard adopted by the technical committee are circulated to the member bodie for voting. Publication a an International Standard require approval by at leat 75 % of the member bodie cating a vote. Attention i drawn to the poibility that ome of the element of thi document may be the ubject of patent right. ISO hall not be held reponible for identifying any or all uch patent right. ISO wa prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Aitive product for peron with diability. iv ISO 2012 All right reerved

5 Provläningexemplar / Preview Introduction The purpoe of thi International Standard i to create requirement for tactile walking urface indicator (TWSI) for blind or viion-impaired peron. When blind or viion-impaired peron travel alone they might encounter problem and hazard in variou ituation. In order to obtain information for wayfinding, thee pedetrian ue information available from the natural and built environment, including tactual, acoutic and viual information. However, environmental information i not alway reliable; it i for thi reaon that TWSI perceived through ue of a long white cane, through the ole of the hoe and through ue of reidual viion have been developed. TWSI were invented in Japan in They are now ued around the world to help blind or viion-impaired peron to travel independently. At preent, TWSI pattern and intallation method vary from country to country. Thi International Standard aim to provide a bai for a common approach for TWSI at the international level, while acknowledging that ome difference may be neceary at the local level to accommodate climatic, geographical, cultural or other iue that might exit. TWSI hould be deigned and intalled baed on a imple, logical and conitent layout. Thi will enable tactile indicator to facilitate not only the independent travel of blind or viion-impaired peron in place they frequently travel, but alo to upport their independent travel in place they viit for the firt time. Currently, there are everal form of TWSI, but the ability to detect difference in tactile pattern through the ole of the hoe or the long white cane varie depending on individual difference. Therefore, the conolidated finding of cience, technology and experience were employed to define the characteritic of TWSI that can be detected and recognized by potential uer. Additionally, in order to enure that TWSI achieve maximum effect in conveying information, it i important that they be intalled in or on a mooth urface where blind or viion-impaired peron can identify them without interference from an irregular walking urface. It i alo neceary to enure that TWSI can be effectively ued by viion-impaired peron a well a people who are blind. For thi purpoe, TWSI hould be eaily detectable through ue of reidual viion. Thi i achieved through viual contrat between TWSI and the urrounding or adjacent urface. Viual contrat i influenced primarily by luminance contrat, and econdarily by difference in colour or tone. In order to have good viibility, it i neceary to have ufficient illumination without glare and it i important to maintain the viual contrat between TWSI and the urrounding or adjacent urface. While TWSI hould be effective for blind or viion-impaired peron, attention hould alo be paid to their urface tructure and material in order to enure that all pedetrian, including thoe with impaired mobility, can afely and effectively negotiate them. TWSI are intalled in public facilitie, building ued by many people, railway tation and on idewalk and other walking urface. Attention pattern may be intalled in the vicinity of pedetrian croing, at-grade kerb, railway platform, tair, ramp, ecalator, travelator, elevator, etc. Guiding pattern may be ued alone or in combination with attention pattern in order to indicate the walking route from one place to another. ISO 2012 All right reerved v

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7 Provläningexemplar / Preview INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Aitive product for blind and viion-impaired peron Tactile walking urface indicator 1 Scope Thi International Standard provide product pecification for tactile walking urface indicator (TWSI) and recommendation for their intallation in order to ait in the afe and independent mobility of blind or viionimpaired peron. Thi International Standard pecifie two type of TWSI: attention pattern and guiding pattern. Both type can be ued indoor and outdoor throughout the built environment where there are inufficient cue for wayfinding, or at pecific hazard. Some countrie have adopted other deign of TWSI baed on the conolidated finding of cience, technology and experience, enuring that they can be detected and ditinguihed by mot uer. National tandard, regulation and guideline governed by national legilation pecify where TWSI are to be ued. Thi International Standard i not intended to replace requirement and recommendation contained in uch national tandard, regulation or guideline. 2 Term and definition For the purpoe of thi document, the following term and definition apply. 2.1 attention pattern TWSI deign, calling attention to a hazard only, or to hazard and deciion point NOTE Attention pattern can be intalled in the vicinity of pedetrian croing, at-grade kerb, railway platform, tair, ramp, ecalator, travelator, elevator, etc. 2.2 at-grade kerb fluh kerb kerb whereby the edge of the walkway i at the ame level a adjoining vehicular way NOTE See Figure B.10 and B CIE Y value tritimulu value Y of the CIE 1931 tandard colorimetric ytem for reflecting object NOTE 1 The CIE Y value equal the percentage value of the luminou reflectance. NOTE 2 Y = 0 denote the reflectance of an abolutely black object (no light i reflected). Y = 100 denote the reflectance of a perfectly white object (no light i aborbed or tranmitted). 2.4 deciion point interection or change of direction along a path of travel defined by TWSI 2.5 dicrete unit individual dome, cone or elongated bar that are embedded into the ground or floor urface ISO 2012 All right reerved 1

8 Provläningexemplar / Preview 2.6 effective depth ditance between the detectable edge of the TWSI when meaured in the principal direction of travel NOTE See Figure effective width ditance between the detectable edge of the TWSI when meaured perpendicular to the principal direction of travel NOTE See Figure 1 and Figure guiding pattern TWSI deign, indicating a direction of travel or a landmark NOTE Guiding pattern can be ued alone or in combination with attention pattern in order to indicate the walking route from one place to another. 2.9 hazard any area or element in, or adjacent to, a direction of travel, which may place people at rik of injury 2.10 illuminance amount of luminou flux to a urface per unit area NOTE 1 NOTE 2 The SI unit for illuminance i lux (lx). See Reference [6] for further detail integrated unit dome, cone or elongated bar on a bae urface or plate, incorporated a a ingle unit 2.12 luminance amount of light reflected or emitted from a urface in a given direction NOTE 1 The SI unit for luminance i candela per quare metre (cd/m 2 ). NOTE 2 See Reference [6] for further detail luminance contrat value of comparion of the luminance of two urface 2.14 LRV light reflectance value proportion of viible light reflected by a urface at all wavelength and direction when illuminated by a light ource NOTE 1 LRV i alo known a the luminance reflectance factor. NOTE 2 LRV i expreed on a cale of 0 to 100, with a value of 0 point for pure black and a value of 100 point for pure white reflectance ratio of light reflected in a given direction by a urface NOTE See Reference [6] for further detail. 2 ISO 2012 All right reerved

9 Provläningexemplar / Preview 2.16 TWSI tactile walking urface indicator tandardized walking urface ued for information by blind or viion-impaired peron 2.17 truncated dome or cone type of attention pattern alo referred to a flat-topped dome or cone 3 General proviion 3.1 General principle Wayfinding and mobility can be achieved through good deign of facilitie, including clear acceible path of travel with built and natural guiding element, uch a edge and urface that can be followed tactually and viually. TWSI hould not be a ubtitute for poor deign. TWSI hall be intalled where no built or natural guiding element can be provided. Though TWSI are ued by blind or viion-impaired peron, the deign and intallation of TWSI hall take into conideration the need of people with mobility impairment. a) All TWSI hall: be eaily detectable from the urrounding or adjacent urface by raied tactile profile and viual contrat; maintain detectability throughout their live; be deigned to prevent tripping; be lip-reitant; be ued in a logical and equential manner; be intalled conitently to enable them to be interpreted by uer; and be of ufficient depth in the direction of travel to provide adequate detectability and appropriate repone by the uer, uch a topping and turning. b) Attention TWSI hall: be ditinguihable from guiding TWSI; and extend acro the full width of an acceible path of travel and perpendicular to the direction of travel when approaching a hazard. 3.2 Detecting and ditinguihing TWSI General TWSI hall be eaily detectable from the urrounding or adjacent urface by raied tactile profile and viual contrat. TWSI hall be ditinguihable from each other Tactile contrat TWSI hall be detectable by blind or viion-impaired peron through the ole of their hoe and by a long white cane. When attention pattern and guiding pattern are combined, blind or viion-impaired peron hall be able to ditinguih clearly between them, identify both and remember the meaning of each one. ISO 2012 All right reerved 3

10 Provläningexemplar / Preview Surrounding or adjacent urface hall be mooth to enable TWSI to be detected and ditinguihed (ee 4.2) Viual contrat TWSI hall be readily detectable and ditinguihable from the urrounding or adjacent urface by viually impaired people. Perception of viual contrat i enhanced by high illumination (ee 4.3 and Annex A) Deign for prevention of tripping Truncated dome or cone and elongated bar hall have bevelled or rounded edge to decreae the likelihood of tripping and to enhance afety and negotiability for people with mobility impairment. 4 Requirement and recommendation 4.1 Specification for hape and dimenion of TWSI General TWSI hall be eaily detectable from the urrounding or adjacent urface by raied tactile profile. Thi can be achieved by complying with the hape and dimenion pecified below Attention pattern Arrangement Truncated dome or cone hould be arranged in a quare grid, parallel or diagonal at 45 to the principal direction of travel (ee Figure 1). b b p 1 p 1 d 1 d 2 h d 2 d h a) Parallel to the principal direction of travel b) Diagonal at 45 to the principal direction of travel 4 ISO 2012 All right reerved

11 Provläningexemplar / Preview Key 1 principal direction of travel pacing between the centre of adjacent truncated dome or cone d 1 top diameter of truncated dome or cone d 2 bottom diameter of truncated dome or cone h height of truncated dome or cone b effective width p effective depth Figure 1 Spacing and dimenion of truncated dome or cone Height The height of truncated dome or cone hall be 4 mm to 5 mm (ee Figure 2). In indoor environment with exceptionally mooth urface, the minimum height of 4 mm may be preferable. NOTE When truncated dome or cone are urrounded by exceptionally mooth urface, uch a terrazzo, platic or rubber, they can be detected more eaily than when they are urrounded by rougher urface, uch a bruhed concrete, brick or manufactured paver. A height that i more than what i neceary for reliable detection can caue tripping Diameter The top diameter of truncated dome or cone hall range from 12 mm to 25 mm, a hown in Table 1, and the bottom diameter of truncated dome or cone hall be (10 ± 1) mm greater than the top diameter (ee Figure 1). NOTE Sytematic reearch [32][33] carried out on truncated dome or cone of variou dimenion indicate that a top diameter of 12 mm i the optimal ize for blind or viion-impaired peron to detect and ditinguih through the ole of their hoe. Experience indicate that the optimal top diameter for other group within the community could be greater Spacing The pacing refer to the hortet ditance between the centre of two adjacent truncated dome or cone which may be parallel or diagonal at 45 to the direction of travel. The pacing hall be within the range hown in relation to the top diameter in Table 1. The tolerance of the top diameter hall be ±1 mm. Table 1 Top diameter and correponding pacing of truncated dome or cone Top diameter of truncated dome or cone mm Spacing mm to to to to to 70 ISO 2012 All right reerved 5