Panoramic Photography

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1 Panoramic Photography By: W. Patrick Day

2 Panoramic Photography

3 What is Panoramic photography? a technique, using specialized equipment or software, that captures images with elongated fields of view. an image showing a field of view approximating, or greater than, that of the human eye about 160 by 75 may be termed panoramic Essentially any image that exceeds a 2:1 ratio (height to length) is considered a Pan

4 Two methods Cropping Stitching

5 DedicatedCameras

6 Alternatives GoPano adapter

7 Alternatives GigaPan

8 Software Canon Stitch (free*) /Nikon (?) Photoshop Hugin(Open Source) Stitcher Unlimited 2009 ($350) PTGui($120/$225) Comparison of major software

9 Pros No post production Cropping No movement distortions/aberrations/ghosts Less planning/errors Less equipment needed Cons Resolution degrades as Height/Length ratio increases Limited to max angle of lens

10 Cropping Example

11 Stitching Pros Upto and beyond 360 High resolution possible HDR friendly (with equipment) Cons Equipment (hardware and software) Planning required MUCH room for error Post production work

12 Concepts:Lenses and Sensors Simple Rules: The shorter (lower) the mm of the lens, the wider the angle of view. The wider the angle, the fewer the shots needed The wider the angle of view, the closer you can get to the subject (and vice versa). The closer you get to the subject, distortion will be more pronounced.

13 Concepts:Focus Focus is comprised of two components: Focus Point The common (mis)understanding of what or where the camera is focused. Depth of Field (DOF) the distance in front of and beyond the Focus Point that appears to have no visible distortion.

14 Concepts: HyperfocalDistance Hyperfocal Distance (Easy concept, confusing definition) A Focal Point at which everything half way from the camera up to the focal point is in focus AND everything beyond the focal point (to infinity) is in focus.

15 Concepts:HyperfocalDistance Confused? Download FREE applications from: (Windows, Palm, and iphone/itouch apps)

16 Tips and Tricks Lock Exposure & ISO (MANUAL MODE) Lock Focus(use Hyperfocal Distance) Use Panoramic Head/Jig Pay attention to moving objects Watch for extremes of Light/Shadow Shoot in Portrait orientation for max height

17 Tips and Tricks Level Camera (tripod helpful) Start from Left andpan right Overlap images 10% to 20% Do practice shoot Don t hesitate to start over

18 Enough Theory, Show me how!

19 Photograph

20 Overlap

21 Stitch

22 Correct*

23 Final

24 The Full Monty.

25 The Full Monty.

26 Benefits of Pan Heads Incremental Stops Nodal Point Correction Stable/Consistent results

27 Nodal Point Parallax error caused when two or more shots are taken where the pivot point is NOT over the camera s entrance pupil. Can cause image ghosting when software tries to stitch images. Mitigated by using tripod, essentially eliminated with proper panoramic tripod head.

28 Nodal Parallax Error

29 Nodal Parallax Error

30 Nodal Parallax Error

31 Uncorrected NodalPoint

32 Corrected NodalPoint

33 Correcting Nodal Parallax Error

34 Correcting Nodal Parallax Error

35 Correcting Nodal Parallax Error

36 Correcting Nodal Parallax Error

37 Tilted Camera

38 Tilted Camera

39 Vignette Issues

40 Collage

41 Collage San Francisco from Rincon Hill (1851) [first photographic panoramic] Lookout Mountain, TN (1864)

42 Bracketing & HDR

43 Bracketing Bracketing is the technique of taking multiple shots of the same subject but changing the shutter speed. Most camera have feature built in to take a 3- image bracket. Typical setting is Normal exposure, 2-Stop under exposure, and 2 stop over exposure.

44 High Dynamic Range (HDR) HDR is the technique of merging 2 or more bracketed shots into single image. Allows a greater range of color and exposure than a single shot could capture. VERY useful for indoor shots! Reduce need for lighting Can compensate for overexposed windows VERY easy to go overboard with color saturation. Many software solutions including Photoshop. Best is Photomatix (

45 Bracketing 1/1000 sec 1/30 sec 1/250 sec 1/8 sec 1/60 sec 1/2 sec Canon 5DMKII -16mm -f/8.0 -ISO400

46 Bracketing HDR

47 Links CALCULATORS:

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