Introduction to Lighting, Design Elements, & Photographic Techniques
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1 Introduction to Lighting, Design Elements, & Photographic Techniques CUVPHI302A Capture Photographic Images Session 2 of 8 Aaron.Burton@cdu.edu.au
2 Housekeeping
3 Session 1 REVIEW 1. Prepare to capture digital images 1.1. Discuss photographic project with relevant people and select appropriate camera and accessories 1.2. Assess digital camera features to ensure that outcomes meet project requirements
4 Camera Technology
5 Digital Camera Features CAMERA CHECKLIST: Manual mode Quality & Compression Sensitivity / Film Speed (ISO) White Balance (WB) Light Meter / Exposure Aperture (e.g. f5.6) Shutter Speed (e.g.1/125th)
6 Useful Accessories
7 Session 2 Plan 1. Prepare to capture digital images 1.3. Plan shots for the project taking into account digital camera features, lighting, photographic design elements and photographic techniques
8 Session 2 Plan 1. Prepare to capture digital images Lighting Photographic Design Elements Photographic Techniques
9 LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction Trent Parke
10 LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction Trent Parke
11 White Balance
12 White Balance
13 White Balance
14 LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction
15 ISO - Film Speed / Sensitivity
16 LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction
17
18
19 Soft Light Soft shadows Low contrast Soften edges Beautiful Shade Cloud Dusk/Dawn Window Light Size
20 Hard Light Hard shadows High contrast Emphasize edges Dramatic Light Size Direct sun Direct light bulb/flash
21 LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction
22 Lighting Direction
23 Lighting Direction
24 Lighting Direction
25 Lighting Direction "Rembrandt lighting" position main light 45 from subject
26 Lighting Direction Three Point Lighting
27 Hard direct light Difficult to soften i.e. bounce or reflect Head-on position has no shadows - no volume Foreground often blown out - difficult to vary flash intensity Only use for fill On-Camera Flash
28 On-Camera Flash
29 Reflectors & Diffusers
30 Windows & Shade
31 Golden Hour
32 DESIGN ELEMENTS (1) Proportions (2) Balance (3) Brightness & Contrast
33 DESIGN ELEMENTS (1) Proportions (2) Balance (3) Brightness & Contrast
34 Proportions Horizontal Left to right Stability Landscapes TV / Computer James Nachtwey New York, Searching for survivors.
35 Proportions Horizontal Left to right Stability Landscapes TV / Computer Elliot Erwitt New York, 1974
36 Proportions Horizontal Left to right Stability Landscapes TV / Computer Walter Looss Jr, Banzai Pipeline, Oahu, Hawaii, 1990
37 Proportions Vertical Pull' effect Top and bottom Vertical lines Walter Looss Jr, Greg Louganis, 1984
38 Proportions Vertical Pull' effect Top and bottom Vertical lines Benoit Gysembergh, Bamako, Mali
39 Proportions Vertical Pull' effect Top and bottom Vertical lines Carolina Salguero, New York, September 11, 2001
40 Proportions Vertical Pull' effect Top and bottom Vertical lines Dennis Stock, Tokyo, Japan, 1974
41 Proportions Square Symmetrical Diagonals Diane Arbus, Child with Toy Hand Grenade, Central Park, NYC, 1962
42 Proportions Square Symmetrical Diagonals Walter Looss, Tiger Woods, 2002
43 Proportions Square Symmetrical Diagonals Nick Brandt
44 Proportions Square Symmetrical Diagonals Brent Stirton, fetching water, 2003
45 Rule of Thirds Divide frame in 3 sections Points of emphasis Sebastião Salgado Refugees in the Korem camp Ethiopia, 1984
46 Rule of Thirds Divide frame in 3 sections Points of emphasis Stefano Rellandini, Kashmir earthquake, 2006
47 DESIGN ELEMENTS (1) Proportions (2) Balance (3) Brightness & Contrast
48 Balance Weight Tone Colour Texture Space Mary Ellen Mark Falkland Road, Bombay
49 Balance Weight Tone Colour Texture Space Jonas Bendisken, Satellites, Russia, 2000
50 Balance Weight Tone Colour Texture Space Walter Looss Jr, Michael Jordan, 1987
51 Balance Weight Tone Colour Texture Space Shehza Noorani, carbon dust, Dhaka, Bangladesh
52 DESIGN ELEMENTS (1) Proportions (2) Balance (3) Brightness & Contrast
53 Brightness & Contrast
54 Brightness & Contrast
55 PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
56 PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
57 Focus
58 Focus
59 Focus
60 Title: "Afghan Girl" (detail) Photographer: Steve McCurry Subject: Sharbat Gula Camera: Nikon FM2 Film: Kodachrome 64 Lens: Nikkor 105mm f/2.5 "Afghan Girl" was featured on the front cover of the June 1985 issue of National Geographic Magazine. Tip: Make sure the eyes are sharp
61 PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
62 Depth of Field Aperture Lens focal length Subject distance
63 Depth of Field Shallow DOF Large Aperture Long lens Close subject distance Wide DOF Small Aperture Wide angle lens Far subject distance
64 Depth of Field Aperture Lens focal length Subject distance
65 Depth of Field
66 Lauren Greenfield, Prom in the OC
67 Jonas Bendiksen, Satellites, , Abkhazia
68 Jonas Bendiksen, Satellites, , Russia
69 Eddie Adams, Mother Theresa
70
71 PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
72 Motion
73 Motion Shutter Speed 1 sec 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/15 1/30 1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500 1/1000 1/2000 Tip: To prevent camera shake set the shutter speed above the focal length of the lens i.e. use at least 1/500 sec shutter speed with a 300mm lens or 1/60 sec with a 50mm lens
74 John Mabanglo, Diver Chelsea Davis at Fina World Championships, 2006
75 Vincent Larofet, Beijing Olympics, 2008
76 Vincent Larofet, Beijing Olympics, 2008
77
78 Sydney Seshibedi
79 Motion Shutter Speed Fast paced sports require at least 1/500 sec for sharp images often 1/1000 or 1/2000 sec Slow shutter useful for panning Slow shutter for night shoots Slower than 1/30 sec will almost certainly result in camera shake - use tripod/monopod Tip: 1/125 sec a good starting point
80 Panning - follow the subject while pressing the shutter so the subject remains sharp and the background is blurred
81
82
83 Ronald Modra, Ben Johnson, Olympics, 1988
84 PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
85 35mm Lens Focal Lengths Wide-angle (short lens) 18mm - 100º 20mm - 94º 28mm - 74º 35mm - 62º Normal / Standard (similar to vision) 50mm - 46º Telephoto (long lens) 85mm - 28º 135mm - 18º 300mm - 8.5º 500mm - 6º Zoom Lens & Perspective
86
87 Lens & Perspective Charlie Cole, The Tiananmen Square Massacre, 1989
88 Lens & Perspective Charlie Cole, The Tiananmen Square Massacre, 1989
89 Lens & Perspective James Nachtwey, Nicaragua, 1984
90 Lens & Perspective Steepening Perspective Close to subject Wide angle lens Flattening Perspective Large subject distance Telephoto lens
91 Lens & Perspective Thomas Hoepker, Muhammad Ali, Chicago, 1966
92 Session 2 1. Prepare to capture digital images 1.3. Plan shots for the project taking into account digital camera features, lighting, photographic design elements and photographic techniques LIGHTING Quality: (1) Colour (2) Intensity (3) Size (4) Direction DESIGN ELEMENTS (1) Proportions (2) Balance (3) Brightness & Contrast PHOTO TECHNIQUE (1) Focus (2) Depth of Field (3) Motion (4) Lens & Perspective
93 Session 3 NEXT WEEK 2. Preview and experiment with image capture 2.1. Operate digital camera according to manufacturer specifications 2.2. Set digital camera preferences and use photographic techniques to achieve desired results
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