ROLE OF SATELLITE DATA APPLICATION IN CADASTRAL MAP AND DIGITIZATION OF LAND RECORDS DR.T. RAVISANKAR GROUP HEAD (LRUMG) RSAA/NRSC/ISRO /DOS HYDERABAD

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1 ROLE OF SATELLITE DATA APPLICATION IN CADASTRAL MAP AND DIGITIZATION OF LAND RECORDS DR.T. RAVISANKAR GROUP HEAD (LRUMG) RSAA/NRSC/ISRO /DOS HYDERABAD WORKSHOP on Best Practices under National Land Records Modernization Programme and Consultation on Land Titling On 24 th & 25 th February, 2014 at Lecture Hall, Second Floor, National Agricultural Science Complex (NASC), Pusa Campus, New Delhi

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3 HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA High resolution satellites started a new era of earth observation and digital mapping Ikonos, Quickbird, Cartosat-1 & 2, Geo Eye-1, Worldview- 1, 2 are existing high resolution satellites Launch of HRS EO Satellites has opened up a new horizon of applications like : Urban planning, Transportation, Cadastral mapping etc.

4 ADVANTAGES OF USING SATELLITE DATA Area coverage is more Data acquisition is faster Data processing is faster Minimum ground control required Can reduce the project time line significantly

5 IRS 1C/1D / PAN 5.8 m / 70 km Swath TES PAN - 1 m / 13 km Swath Resourcesat LISS IV Mx 5.8 m/ 23.9 km Swath Cartosat PAN F& A 2.5 m / 30 km Swath Cartosat PAN 1 m / 9.6 km Swath Cartosat-2A Pan-1 m / 9.6 km Swath Cartosat-2B PAN 1 m / 9.6 km Swath Resourcesat LISS IV Mx 5.8 m / 70 km Swath High Resolution Satellites IRS Series

6 Resourcesat-1 / 2 (2003, 2011) LISS-4 Mx : 5.8m Resolution and 70 km swath Revisit : 5 days (LISS 4) with tilting 26 deg tilt

7 CARTOSAT-1 PAN SENSOR Real time stereo viewing Satellite Path Fore look Aft look 2.5 m resolution Two Pan cameras - fore with 26 deg. and aft with -5 deg. Tilt( 500 nm- 850 nm) Swath 27.5 km for stereo 8 km overlap between adjacent paths 10 bit Facility for across track tilt to give better revisit From 17-Mar-2012 onwards, Cartosat-1 data are being collected in Mono Mode over Indian station visibility region

8 CARTOSAT-2 Orbit : o Sun Synchronous at 9.30 A.M Local time, kms Panchromatic with 12,000 detectors : 0.8 mts at 9.6 kms On-Board 64 GB Solid Stage Recorder 10 Bit Detector Dynamic Range Phased Array Antenna Revisit Time : 4/5 days at equator. Revisit of same area depends upon acceptable across-track tilt. Revisit period in days Across-Track tilt limit ( in deg) Resolution in mts 4 +/ /

9 CARTOSAT-2E o Panchromatic camera: 0.65 m o Multispectral: 2 m o No. of Bands: 4 o Swath : 10 km o Radiometric Resolution: 11 bit o Steering up to ±26 /±45 o Event Monitoring Cameras: 2 Nos. EVM1: Res:0.5m Area: 1km x 1km; EVM2: Res:0.4m Area: 0.3x 0.2km o Altitude: 500 km o Solid State Recorder: 600 Gb o Local time: 0930 hrs o Revisit : 5 days o TDI Technology o Operational life: 5 Years Major Objectives To provide continuity of on-going data services of CARTOSAT-2 To design and develop a highly agile and advanced satellite with high spatial resolution both in panchromatic and multi-spectral bands To meet the increasing user demands for cartographic and cadastral level applications with improved revisit capability in tandem with Cartosat-2 missions.

10 CARTOSAT-3 o Panchromatic camera; 0.25 m o Multispectral (4 Bands): 1 m o Hyperspectral (200 Bands): 12 m o Swath : 16 km, 5 km (HySI) o Radiometric Resolution: 11 bit o Steering up to ±26 (±45 Possible) o Altitude: 450 km o Solid State Recorder: 2 Tb o Local time: 1030 hrs o Revisit : 5 days o TDI Technology o X and Ka Band Transmission o Operational life: 5 Years Major Objectives To design and develop an agile advanced satellite to obtain imagery with a very high spatial resolution of 0.25m Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) in panchromatic, 1m GSD in 4 band multi spectral; and selectable 12m GSD HySI with 50 VNIR bands or 12m GSD HySI with 150 SWIR bands with an operational life of 5 years.

11 PAN & MX Payloads on Small Satellite Bus Panchromatic ( nm) camera with 1m ground resolution Multi-spectral (MX) 3 band camera with 2m ground resolution ~ 10 Km swath coverage Compatibility: IMS-2 type platforms Development period 2-3 years CAMERA PAN Multispectral Units Altitude 630 Km Spectral Bandwidth B2 B3 B4 um Spatial Resolution 1 2 m System Saturation Radiance 100% albedo Imaging Method Continuous Swath 10 Km Saturation > 180 >300 SNR@ 15% >80 > 100 MTF (@Nyquist) >0.1 Size < 1000 X 1000 X 1000 mm 3 Weight 30 Kg Power 50 W

12 Mission / Parameter Unit IKONOS GLOBAL HR SATELLITES QUICK BIRD GEO EYE1 WORLD VIEW 1 WORLD VIEW 2 PLEIADES SPOT-6 Resolution PAN m Resolution Mx m No SWATH km Digitization Bits Avg. Revisit Days Coverage Sq. Km/ Day Images Location Accuracy (m) m ALTITUDE km Launch year Sep-99 Oct-01 Sep-08 Sep Sep-12 SPOT - 6 World View -2 Quick Bird Pleiades I & II Kompsat-2 Formosat

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14 Satellite data for Cadastral Mapping NRSC Experience 1) Cartosat-1 stereo data of 2.5 m resolution 2) Cartosat-2 mono data of 0.8 m resolution 3) Ikonos mono (True Color) 1 m resolution 4) Quickbird mono(true Color) 0.6 m resolution Reference data Aerial orthophoto of 15 cm resolution Aerial DEM 1m accuracy

15 Validation of Orthoimages i) Distance measurement between points ii) Area measurements of few land parcels The obtained results are compared with that from aerial orthophoto

16 Distance between two points Aerial ortho-photo (m) Diff. distance on carto2ortho (aerial-carto2) (m) Diff. distance on Quickbird ortho (aerial Quickbird) (m) Diff. distance nrsc on Ikonos ortho (aerial Ikonos) (m) D1-D D2-D D3-D D4-D D1-D D1-D D1-D D2-D D2-D D3-D Parcel No. Aerial (hectares) Quickbird (hectares) Diff. Ikonos (hecates) Diff. Carto2 (hectares) Diff

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23 INFERENCES FROM THE STUDY 1. The parcel areas derived from ETS Ground measurements vs Satellite data are very close 2. CartoSAT data has large potential for prioritisation of areas for updation of cadastral maps 3. Better accuracy can be achieved with future Indian Missions like Cartosat-3 where the GSD is better than 30cm.

24 High Resolution Satellite Data for Cadastral Survey HRS data specification I. Metric Stereoscopic data One the stereo pair should be +/- 5deg Base / Height = 0.65 to 0.75 The entire Region of Interest (ROI) should acquired within the tolerance above two points. The satellite data acquisition geometric plan should given in advance for installing Pre-GCP targets before data acquisition. Black /white or multispectral or natural color stereo images. II. Achievable accuracies Entire ROI should be processed as single bundle block adjustment. With 50 cm spatial resolution, the probable achievable positional accuracy is about = 75cm. It is strongly suggested that the land parcel boundaries should captured in stereoscopic interpretation and digitization mode.

25 PROCUREMENT OF HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA (As per RSD Policy) 1. Time factor: Minimum 3 months if data is archieved Fresh Acquisition???? 2.Procedure: Specific data certificate by the User Licensing policy single depart., and multiple users (may be 5 or more than 5 to follow foreign data purchase procedure public tendering because of more no. of players. 3. Supply of Data:after clearence by customes safe custody certificate by the user masking or morphing of features 4. Coverage: swath of HRS is small large areas will take time by more than one satellite for large area covergae.

26 for your kind attention nrsc