Fingerprint Analysis. Bud & Patti Bertino
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1 Fingerprint Analysis Bud & Patti Bertino
2 Fingerprints Formation Skin produce secretions oil, salts Dirt combines with secretions Secretions stick to unique ridge patterns on skin
3 Did You Know? Fingerprints are unique Form before birth in dermal papillae Never change Return after scarring or burning
4
5 History of Fingerprinting B.C. Chinese first used fingerprints 1886 fingerprints for ID purposes 1891 first 10 card 1902 first murder solved using fingerprints
6 First handprint 1891 Lyon Ferroprussinate was used as the developer. Source: Evidence Technology, Nov-Dec 2007
7 1905 U.S. Army uses fingerprints Millionth 10 card 1975 FBI introduces AFIS Automated Fingerprint Identification System 2007 Department of Homeland Security has 63 million records
8 Types of Fingerprints Patent or Visible on smooth surfaces Latent or invisible Plastic: prints found in soft materials such as soap
9 A famous set of prints John Dillinger
10 Making your 10 Card
11 Who s fingerprint?
12
13 Human Chimp Koala Source:
14 Latent Fingerprints Treated with powders or chemicals enhance ridge pattern Ninhydrin Super glue Iodine
15 How are latent prints obtained? Method Iodine fuming Ninhydrin Super glue Super glue +NaOH treatment Effect Toxic & over-develops Toxic & fades in two days Toxic Toxic
16 Fingerprints and Gloves Prints can be formed through surgical gloves Prints left on the inside of gloves can be lifted
17
18 Fingerprint Pattern Types L(oops) A(rches) W(horls)
19 Loop 65% Core Delta One delta only
20 Loops Two types: Pinky side ulnar Thumb side - radial
21 Plain Arch 4 percent Tented Arch 1 percent
22 Whorl Patterns Whorls occur in 30% of fingerprint patterns PLAIN 24% CENTRAL POCKET 2% Two deltas
23 Whorl Patterns DOUBLE LOOP 4% ACCIDENTAL.01%
24 Fingerprint Patterns F.B.I recognizes eight basic patterns Ten basic details within the patterns (minutiae) 12 identical points were necessary for a match
25 Balloon Thumbprint
26
27 Minutiae patterns
28 Ridge Minutiae
29 Identify some ridge patterns
30 Minutiae Ending ridges Bifurcations Dots Islands
31 Identify Minutiae patterns
32 CSI vs. The Real World AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) can search back 99 years Lack of standardization AFIS searches for a biometric pattern not a fingerprint! It matches chosen minutia patterns. Source: The Forensics Teacher - Summer 2008
33 Criminal, civilians, stock brokers, civil servants, military personnel, teachers, security guards, etc., are included but systems are not always linked. Latent database and cold cases
34
35 How Does AFIS Work? Fingerprint images are scanned and digitized Minutiae are coded Minutiae are searched by computerized matchers Search candidates are produced side-by-side on a computer screen Candidates are examined
36 Evidence Technology, 2012
37 Algorithm using Minutiae Replaces point ID Faster Uses computers More accurate Ten Card Print Crime Scene Print
38 What s new? Fingerprint formed in soot. Evidence Technology Magazine May-June 2008
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40
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42 Lift fingerprints from Pills Feathers Source: Evidence Technology Magazine Nov-Dec 07
43 Even from cadavers Source: Evidence Technology Magazine Nov-Dec 07
44 Evidence Technology Magazine September-October 2008, p30
45 Fingertips in I.D. Enhancer Solution Casting made of fingerprints in silicone-rubber
46 A Match!
47 Orange fluorescent powder viewed with special camera filter Electrical tape both sides Source: Evidence Technology Magazine Nov-Dec 07
48 Mobile cyanoacrylate fuming Source: Evidence Technology Magazine Nov-Dec 07
49 Identity Recognition Fingerprints Facial recognition within 10 years Iris scan are no two alike? To be determined and cannot be used in court (as yet)
50 Matrix scanners
51 Biometric Devices
52 Kiplinger Newsletter 11/12
53 Finger scanners
54 Free NIJ online sourcebook
55 Notice the scar
56 Fingerprints! They ll get you every time.
Fingerprints - Formation - Fingerprints are a reproduction of friction skin ridges that are on the palm side of fingers and thumbs
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Fingerprints History of Fingerprints Johann Christoph Andreas Mayer 1788 First scientist to recognize fingerprints were unique William Herschel 1856 Began the collecting of fingerprints Alphonse Bertillon
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