SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS. Transport of IEEE 10GBASE-R in optical transport networks (OTN)

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1 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Series G Supplement (0/0) SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Transport of IEEE 0GBASE-R in optical transport networks (OTN) ITU-T G-series Recommendations Supplement

2 ITU-T G-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CONNECTIONS AND CIRCUITS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS COMMON TO ALL ANALOGUE CARRIER- TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON METALLIC LINES GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON RADIO-RELAY OR SATELLITE LINKS AND INTERCONNECTION WITH METALLIC LINES COORDINATION OF RADIOTELEPHONY AND LINE TELEPHONY TRANSMISSION MEDIA AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS DIGITAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS DIGITAL NETWORKS DIGITAL SECTIONS AND DIGITAL LINE SYSTEM MULTIMEDIA QUALITY OF SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE GENERIC AND USER- RELATED ASPECTS TRANSMISSION MEDIA CHARACTERISTICS DATA OVER TRANSPORT GENERIC ASPECTS PACKET OVER TRANSPORT ASPECTS ACCESS NETWORKS G.00 G.99 G.00 G.99 G.00 G.99 G.00 G.9 G.50 G.99 G.600 G.699 G.700 G.799 G.800 G.899 G.900 G.999 G.000 G.999 G.6000 G.6999 G.7000 G.7999 G.8000 G.8999 G.9000 G.9999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.

3 Supplement to ITU-T G-series Recommendations Transport of IEEE 0GBASE-R in optical transport networks (OTN) Summary Supplement to ITU-T G-series Recommendations describes several approaches for transport of 0G LAN PHY, and one for 0G WAN PHY, over SDH and OTN transport networks. As some of these approaches use rates, formats and mappings that are not defined in ITU-T Recommendations, this supplement analyses various attributes of the different approaches to provide guidance regarding their applicability to different network contexts. This supplement relates to Recommendations ITU-T G.87, ITU-T G.709/Y., ITU-T G.798, ITU-T G.707/Y., ITU-T G.800/Y.06, ITU-T G.80/Y.08, ITU-T G.959. and ITU-T G History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group.0 ITU-T G Suppl ITU-T G Suppl ITU-T G Suppl ITU-T G Suppl ITU-T G Suppl G series Supplement (0/0) i

4 FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this publication is voluntary. However, the publication may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the publication is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the publication is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this publication may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the publication development process. As of the date of approval of this publication, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at ITU 0 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. ii G series Supplement (0/0)

5 Table of Contents Page Scope... References... Definitions... Abbreviations and acronyms... 5 Conventions... 6 Standard mappings GBASE-W (WAN PHY) via STM GFP-F mapping of 0GBASE-R (LAN PHY) payload only into OPU... 7 Non-standard mappings Bit transparent mapping of 0GBASE-R signal into OPUe Bit transparent mapping of 0GBASE-R signal into OPUe ITU-T G.709 bit-rate compliant information transparent transport of payload and preamble... 8 Characteristics of alternative mappings ITU-T G.709 bit-rate compliant Inter-domain/intra-domain interfaces Timing and synchronization Optical characteristics Multiplexing, multi-service Transparency BER monitoring Multiplexing four ODUe signals into ODUe Asynchronous bit-transparent mapping of x ODUe signals into OPUe Asynchronous generic mapping of four ODUe signals into OPUe... 7 G series Supplement (0/0) iii

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7 Supplement to ITU-T G-series Recommendations Transport of IEEE 0GBASE-R in optical transport networks (OTN) Scope This supplement describes different approaches for transport of 0GBASE-R signals, and one for 0GBASE-W signals, in optical transport networks via an ODU or non-standard ODU-like frame format (i.e., rates, formats and mappings that are not defined in ITU-T Recommendations). This supplement includes descriptions related to multiplexing the non-standard ODU-like structures into ODU-like signals. Different attributes of the varying solutions are described to help provide guidance on which approaches are appropriate to which network contexts. Including a currently non-standard mapping in this supplement does not preclude considering that mapping for standardization at a future date. References [ITU-T G.69.] Recommendation ITU-T G.69. (00), Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid. [ITU-T G.696.] Recommendation ITU-T G.696. (005), Longitudinally compatible intra-domain DWDM applications. [ITU-T G.707] Recommendation ITU-T G.707/Y. (007), Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). [ITU-T G.709] Recommendation ITU-T G.709/Y. (009), Interfaces for the Optical Transport Network (OTN). [ITU-T G.798] Recommendation ITU-T G.798 (006), Characteristics of optical transport network hierarchy equipment functional blocks. [ITU-T G.870] Recommendation ITU-T G.870/Y.5 (00), Terms and definitions for optical transport networks (OTN). [ITU-T G.87] Recommendation ITU-T G.87 (00), Architecture of optical transport networks. [ITU-T G.959.] Recommendation ITU-T G.959. (006), Optical transport network physical layer interfaces. [ITU-T G.70] Recommendation ITU-T G.70/Y.0 (008), Generic framing procedure (GFP). [ITU-T G.800] Recommendation ITU-T G.800/Y.5 (006), Terms and definitions for Ethernet frames over Transport (EoT). [ITU-T G.800] Recommendation ITU-T G.800/Y.06 (00), Architecture of Ethernet layer networks. [ITU-T G.80] Recommendation ITU-T G.80/Y.08 (00), Ethernet UNI and Ethernet NNI. [ITU-T G.85] Recommendation ITU-T G.85 (00), The control of jitter and wander within the optical transport network (OTN). G series Supplement (0/0)

8 [IEEE 80.] IEEE , Information Technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks Specific requirements Part : Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications. Definitions None. Abbreviations and acronyms This supplement uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: CBR0G Constant Bit Rate signal of 9'95'80 kbit/s ±0 ppm (see [ITU-T G.870]) CBRG5 Constant Bit Rate signal of '88'0 kbit/s ±0 ppm (see [ITU-T G.870]) FCS Frame Check Sequence FEC Forward Error Correction GFP Generic Framing Procedure GMP Generic Mapping Procedure IaDI Intra-Domain Interface (see [ITU-T G.870]) IPG Inter-Packet Gap IrDI Inter-Domain Interface (see [ITU-T G.870]) JC Justification Control JOH Justification Overhead MAC Media Access Control MFAS MultiFrame Alignment Signal MSI Multiplex Structure Identifier NJO Negative Justification Opportunity OCC Optical Channel Carrier with full functionality (see [ITU-T G.870]) OCCr Optical Channel Carrier with reduced functionality (see [ITU-T G.870]) ODU Optical Data Unit OH Overhead OPU Optical Payload Unit OTU Optical Transmission Unit PHY Physical layer PJO Positive Justification Opportunity PT Payload Type SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SFD Start-of-Frame Delimiter SONET Synchronous Optical Network TS Tributary Slot G series Supplement (0/0)

9 TSOH WAN Tributary Slot Overhead Wide Area Network 5 Conventions Transmission order: The order of transmission of information in all the figures in this supplement is first from left to right and then from top to bottom. Within each byte, the most significant bit is transmitted first. The most significant bit (bit ) is illustrated at the left in all the figures. 6 Standard mappings 6. 0GBASE-W (WAN PHY) via STM-6 [IEEE 80.] has defined a WAN interface for compatibility with SDH/SONET transport. In the Ethernet domain, this interface is supported via a WAN interface sub-layer (clause 50 of [IEEE 80.]). For this interface the MAC reduces the effective data rate of the XGMII from 0 Gbit/s to 9.99 Gbit/s by inserting sufficient Idle characters (i.e., pads the effective 9.99 Gbit/s data rate to the 0 Gbit/s XGMII bit rate). The physical coding sub-layer then deletes the extra Idles prior to 6B/66B coding (increasing the bit rate from 9.99 Gbit/s to Gbit/s). The WAN interface sub-layer then performs the mapping into an SDH STM-6 (VC--6c), as illustrated in Annex F of [ITU-T G.707], further increasing the bit rate to Gbit/s. Even if the interface provides only the ±0 ppm clock accuracy required by clause 50 of [IEEE 80.], rather than SDH clock tolerances (±.6 ppm), this can be transported via ODU according to the mapping specified in clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709]. 6. GFP-F mapping of 0GBASE-R (LAN PHY) payload only into OPU A payload information transparent mapping can be performed according to clause 7. of [ITU-T G.709] using the following process: Terminate (sink) the 6B/66B line code, preamble, SFD and IPG as per [IEEE 80.]. Apply GFP-F framing. Encode into an OPU according to clause 7. of [ITU-T G.709]. On the assumption that MAC frames do not on average exceed the maximum size specified by [IEEE 80.] ('000 octets excluding the preamble, SFD and IPG), the bit rate required is for a signal that is +00 ppm from the nominal bit rate, approximately 9'9' kbit/s. If maximum size jumbo frames are used, the bit rate required for a signal that is +00 ppm from the nominal bit rate is approximately 9'988'58.09 kbit/s. Note that in the mapping of GFP frames into OPUk specified in clause 7. of [ITU-T G.709], the entire OPU payload area of 9'995'77 kbit/s is available (i.e., the fixed stuff bytes of the CBR0G mapping are not present). For an OPU that is running at the minimum rate of 0 ppm from the nominal value, this is reduced to 9'995' kbit/s. With standard IEEE 80. termination, this mapping can fully transport every ETH_CI traffic unit from a 0GBASE-R signal over an OPU. Refer to Table V. of [ITU-T G.70], where a characterization is given of the MAC rate throughput (not counting overhead) of 0GBASE-R signals versus GFP mappings. The MAC rate throughput of a 0GBASE-R interface, assuming a worst case situation of 968-byte jumbo-frames is 9'986'50 bit/s. The MAC rate throughput of GFP mapping of the same MAC frames into ODU is 9'986'970 bit/s, which is greater than what is required to carry the entire MAC payload from a 0GBASE-R signal. G series Supplement (0/0)

10 7 Non-standard mappings This means rates, formats and mappings that are not fully defined in ITU-T Recommendations. 7. Bit transparent mapping of 0GBASE-R signal into OPUe This mapping has been moved to clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709]. With this mapping, the resulting OTU-like OTUe signal must be clocked at a nominal bit rate of.0957 Gbit/s, as opposed to the standard OTU nominal bit rate of Gbit/s. 7. Bit transparent mapping of 0GBASE-R signal into OPUe This mapping uses the mapping of a CBRG5 signal into OPU, defined in clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709]. It has the same attributes as the clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709] mapping, but since the fixed stuff bytes of the CBR0G mapping are not left free, the overall data rate is somewhat less (.09 Gbit/s rather than.0957 Gbit/s). As with the clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709] option, the clock tolerance of the underlying Ethernet signal (±00 ppm) rather than that of a standard OTU signal (±0 ppm), standard methods for control of jitter and wander according to [ITU-T G.85] do not apply. A unique payload type (PT) shall be specified in the payload structure identifier (PSI). For example, code "0x80" (reserved code for proprietary use per Table 5-8 of [ITU-T G.709] Payload type code points) is to be used. OTUe ODUe OPUe Client payload.09 Gbit/s (55/8 0.5) Gbit/s (9/8 0.5) 0.5 Gbit/s (0GbE LAN PHY) GSup(08)_F7- Figure 7- Mapping structure without fixed stuffing Column Row FAS OTUk OH OPUk OH OPUk payload OTUk FEC GSup(08)_F7- Figure 7- Mapping frame without fixed stuff bytes 7. ITU-T G.709 bit-rate compliant information transparent transport of payload and preamble This mapping has been moved to clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709] and clause 7.9 of [ITU-T G.70]. G series Supplement (0/0)

11 8 Characteristics of alternative mappings Table 8- provides a summary of the characteristics and applicability of each of the different mappings. Further discussion of each of these characteristics is provided in the indicated clauses. Table 8- Characteristics of alternative mappings Mapping Clause 6. Clause 6. Clause 7. Clause 7. Clause 7. ITU-T G.709 bit-rate Yes Yes Yes No Yes compliant (clause 8.) IrDI/IaDI (clause 8.) Both Both IaDI only IaDI only Both Clock tolerance of client Ethernet signal (clause 8.) Clock tolerance of ODUxx signal (clause 8.) Jitter/wander according to [ITU-T G.85] (clause 8.) ITU-T G.959. optical tributary class (clause 8.) ITU-T G.696. client class (clause 8.) Multiplex to 0G according to [ITU-T G.709] (clause 8.5) Transport full rate payload (clause 8.6) Transport ordered sets (clause 8.6) Transport full rate preamble and payload (clause 8.6) Transport IPG (clause 8.6) Full bit transparency (clause 8.6) Support undisclosed proprietary usage of MAC or PCS sublayer (clause 8.6) ±0 ppm (Note ) ±00 ppm ±00 ppm ±00 ppm ±00 ppm ±0 ppm ±0 ppm ±00 ppm ±00 ppm ±0 ppm Yes Yes No No Yes NRZ/RZ 0G NRZ/RZ 0G NRZ/RZ 0G NRZ/RZ 0G NRZ/RZ 0G 0G 0G 0G 0G 0G Yes Yes Yes (Note ) No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes (Note ) Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes (Note ) G series Supplement (0/0) 5

12 Table 8- Characteristics of alternative mappings Mapping Clause 6. Clause 6. Clause 7. Clause 7. Clause 7. BER monitoring based on PCS (clause 8.7) Yes No Yes Yes No NOTE [IEEE 80.] specifies ±0 ppm for the clock tolerance for a 0GBASE-W interface. [ITU-T G.707] indicates that 0GBASE-W signals that meet the stricter clock tolerance of ±.6 ppm may be transported as STM6 in an SDH network. However, the mapping into ODU supports any CBR0G signal including STM6 and 0GBASE-W that has a clock tolerance of ±0 ppm. NOTE Proprietary usage of the preamble is supported. Proprietary usage of the IPG is not. NOTE While ordered sets are transported, if the ordered sets are close together there is no guarantee that all will be transported or that their original transmitted sequence will be preserved. See [ITU-T G.709] and [ITU-T G.70]. NOTE Three of these signals can be multiplexed into an OPU. It is structured to use GMP into.5 Gbit/s tributary slots. 8. ITU-T G.709 bit-rate compliant The ITU-T G.709 bit rate that is generally used to transport signals of approximately 0 Gbit/s is OPU. The nominal bit rate for an OPU payload is 9'995'76.96 kbit/s. This may transport signals directly via mappings such as GFP-F or via STM-6 using the CBR0G mapping specified in clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709]. Mappings that comply with the [ITU-T G.709] bit rate are networkable signals according to the OTN architecture specified in [ITU-T G.87]. 8. Inter-domain/intra-domain interfaces [ITU-T G.87] specifies two different types of interfaces to be used in the optical transport network. Inter-domain interfaces (IrDI) are standardized interfaces that may be used at handoff points between operators or between equipment from different vendors within an operator's environment. Intra-domain interfaces (IaDI) are generally applicable only within a single-vendor island within an operator's network to enable the use of unique optical technology, dispersion management, etc., in the context of long-haul optical line systems. The mappings of 0GBASE-R signals via OPUe and OPUe according to clauses 7. and 7. are inherently intra-domain interfaces except where OPUe is mapped into an OTU or OTU. They are not standard ITU-T G.709 bit-rate signals. They do not interwork with standard mappings of Ethernet, e.g., using GFP-F. The two over-clocked mechanisms do not interwork with each other. As a result, such signals are generally only deployed in a point-to-point configuration between equipment that implements the same mapping. 8. Timing and synchronization The timing tolerance for ITU-T G.709 signals is ±0 ppm. The timing tolerance for 0GBASE-R Ethernet signals is ±00 ppm. Mappings that simply wrap the Ethernet signal in an ITU-T G.709-like frame (e.g., those described in clauses 7. and 7.) derive their timing from the Ethernet signal, and hence have a timing accuracy of ±00 ppm. The control of jitter and wander for ITU-T G.709 signals having a timing accuracy of ±0 ppm has been extensively analysed in [ITU-T G.85]. No such analysis has been done for Ethernet-based signals with a timing accuracy of ±00 ppm. Signals with a timing accuracy of ±00 ppm should generally only be deployed in point-to-point situations where jitter and wander accumulation is not an issue. 6 G series Supplement (0/0)

13 8. Optical characteristics [ITU-T G.959.] specifies optical tributary classes for 0G operation that are applicable to signals from. Gbit/s to 0.7 Gbit/s. Signals above 0.7 Gbit/s, including the two over-clocked mappings, only fall within the 0G range of 9.9 Gbit/s to.0 Gbit/s. [ITU-T G.696.] specifies a similar set of ranges for client classes of 0G and 0G. Since the signals according to clauses 7. and 7. exceed the 0G ranges, the spectral characteristics are beyond that of a standard 0G channel, which should be taken into account in selecting the appropriate frequency grid for transport of these signals. 8.5 Multiplexing, multi-service [ITU-T G.709] provides for multiplexing of 0-Gbit/s signals via ODU into ODU or ODU. This multiplexing hierarchy allows for optimizing fibre capacity by carrying the largest number of bits per wavelength. As long as standard bit-rate signals are used in the network, multiplexing to 0 Gbit/s or 00 Gbit/s as specified in clause 9 of [ITU-T G.709] is straightforward. Multi-service networking is possible: it is not necessary that all 0 Gbit/s ODUs be transporting the same type of signal. ODU signals carrying diverse payloads including STM-6, GFP-F mapped Ethernet or in turn multiplexing four.5-gbit/s ODU signals can be combined in the same 0-Gbit/s wavelength. But this multiplexing mechanism relies on ODU signals of a standard bit rate (0'07'7.9 kbit/s) and timing tolerance (±0 ppm). This multiplexing mechanism is not specified for non-standard bit rates (e.g., the ODUe (0.558 Gbit/s) signal described in clause 7.). These two non-standard bit rates cannot be multiplexed with any standard bit-rate signals or with each other. The stuff opportunities of the multiplexing mechanism of [ITU-T G.709] are also designed based on an assumption of ±0 ppm timing tolerance. 8.6 Transparency Ethernet is a packet technology. Clause 6 of [ITU-T G.800] defines the characteristic information of an Ethernet layer network as being a non-contiguous flow of ETH_CI traffic units, each consisting of a destination address, a source address and a MAC service data unit, delimited by headers and trailers that are link specific Information transparency All of the mappings discussed in this supplement carry the flow of ETH_CI traffic units, and hence are transparent to the Ethernet layer network characteristic information MAC frame transparency The link-specific headers and trailers used for ETH_CI traffic units carried using the mappings described in this supplement are summarized in Table 8-. Table 8- ETH_CI header and trailer used in different mappings Mapping (clause) Header format Trailer format Inter-frame filler 6. Preamble + SFD MAC FCS IPG 6. GFP header MAC FCS GFP idle 7. Preamble + SFD MAC FCS IPG 7. Preamble + SFD MAC FCS IPG See [ITU-T G.709] and [ITU-T G.70] GFP header + preamble + SFD MAC FCS GFP idle G series Supplement (0/0) 7

14 In [IEEE 80.] preambles, SFD, ordered sets and IPG are considered to be overhead, not payload. They do not transit a bridge or a repeater in any standardized full duplex Ethernet technology. They were originally put into the frame format to support collision detection for half duplex Ethernet interfaces at 00 Mbit/s and lower rates. As this is effectively "free space" for full duplex interfaces, there have been cases where the preamble and IPG have been used to transmit data for undisclosed proprietary purposes. There are cases where a requirement has been expressed that the preamble and IPG should be carried intact over a transport network. To satisfy this requirement for transport of non-standard Ethernet, it is occasionally necessary to use non-standard mappings in the transport network Full rate transparency As described above, Ethernet is a packet technology. Ethernet interfaces exist at a variety of rates. Multiple different rates of interfaces can be utilized in the same Ethernet network, with packet flows being routed at bridges in the network to their destinations. Since Ethernet is a packet technology rather than a circuit technology, there is no guarantee that there is enough bandwidth to transport all of the packets routed over any specific link. This may occur because a variety of link speeds are used in the network, or simply because packets may arrive at a bridge over many different links that are routed to the same link, exceeding the capacity of that link. Congestion of this sort can result in delays and discarded packets when the buffer capacity at the bridge is exceeded. This is all part of normal Ethernet operation. Nevertheless, there are cases where it is deemed important to transport every packet from a 0GBASE-R Ethernet interface over a transport network. The mapping described in clause 6. is accomplished via a 0GBASE-W (0G WAN PHY) interface on an Ethernet bridge. Normal Ethernet bridge operation will result in a maximum packet flow over that link that is approximately % less than the maximum possible using a 0GBASE-R (0G LAN PHY) interface. The mapping described in clause 6. is capable of transporting the full packet rate of a 0GBASE-R interface even though the serial bit rate available in the OPU is lower. The reasons why the same packet flow can be supported over a lower bit rate include: The use of the OTN scrambler (clause. of [ITU-T G.709]) rather than 6B/66B coding to ensure the transitions required for framing the received signal. The use of GFP to delimit packets rather than MAC framing. The GFP header uses the same number of octets as the preamble and SFD but, for MAC framing, an IPG is required (minimum octets) following the MAC FCS. The use of non-standard mappings (clauses 7. and 7.) is only necessary to achieve both the full 0GBASE-R packet rate and the MAC frame transparency (see clause 8.6.) that would permit non-standard use of the preamble and IPG or PCS sublayer. 8.7 BER monitoring [ITU-T G.709] provides, in the ODUk frame structure, for BER monitoring independent of the transmitted client signal using a BIP-8 parity check. This is available at the path (ODUk) and section (OTUk) layer, plus up to six layers of tandem connection monitoring. In addition, mappings that transport the 6B/66B coding of the PCS sublayer can perform BER monitoring from MAC termination to MAC termination within the client layer itself through the detection of invalid 66B codewords. 8 G series Supplement (0/0)

15 Mappings that decode 6B/66B before transmitting the packets (e.g., clause 6. using GFP-F framing) can still utilize this coding for BER monitoring across the segments of the path using a 0GBASE-R physical interface, but would use the BIP-8 within the ODU overhead to monitor BER for OTN segments of the path. 9 Multiplexing four ODUe signals into ODUe This clause introduces a multiplexing method of x ODUe that are defined in clause 7., now moved to clause 7.. of [ITU-T G.709]. The resulting ODUe signals defined in clauses 9. and 9. are referred to as ODUe and ODUe, respectively. 9. Asynchronous bit-transparent mapping of x ODUe signals into OPUe 9.. Bit rates and capacity of OPUe/ODUe/OTUe The bit rates and capacity of the OTUe signals are defined in Table 9-. The bit rates and capacity of the ODUe signals are defined in Table 9-. The bit rates and capacity of the OPUe payload are defined in Table 9-. The OTUe/ODUe/OPUe frame periods are defined in Table 9-. Table 9- OTUe types and capacity OTU type OTU nominal bit rate OTU bit-rate tolerance OTUe '570' kbit/s ±0 ppm Table 9- ODUe types and capacity ODU type ODU nominal bit rate ODU bit-rate tolerance ODUe '77'6.07 kbit/s ±0 ppm Table 9- OPUe types and capacity OPU type OPU payload nominal bit rate OPU payload bit-rate tolerance OPUe '599'576.7 kbit/s ±0 ppm Table 9- OTUk/ODUk/OPUk frame periods OTU/ODU/OPU type OTUe/ODUe/OPUe Period μs 9.. ODUe multiplexing Figure 9- shows the relationship between the various time-division multiplexing elements that are defined below and illustrates possible multiplexing structures. Up to four ODUe signals are multiplexed into an ODTUGe using time-division multiplexing. The ODTUGe is mapped into the OPUe. G series Supplement (0/0) 9

16 ODUe OH OPUe payload OPUe ODTUee JOH ODUe ODTUee ODTUee JOH ODTUee JOH ODUe ODUe ODTUG ODTUGe OPUe OH OPUe payload OPUe ODUe OH ODUe payload ODUe G.Supp.(0)_F9-9.. Definition of OPUe Figure 9- ODUe into ODUe multiplexing method 9... OPUe tributary slot definition The OPUe is divided into a number of tributary slots (TSs) and these tributary slots are interleaved within the OPUe. A tributary slot includes a part of the OPUe OH area and a part of the OPUe payload area. The bytes of the ODUe frame are mapped into the OPUe payload area of the tributary slot. The bytes of the ODTUee justification overhead (JOH) are mapped into the OPUe OH area OPUe tributary slot allocation Figure 9- presents the OPUe tributary slot allocation. An OPUe tributary slot occupies 6.5% of the OPUe payload area. It is a structure with 8 columns by rows (see Figure 9-). The sixteen OPUe TSs are byte interleaved in the OPUe payload area. 0 G series Supplement (0/0)

17 MFAS Bits 5678 Column Row PSI PSI PSI 5 PSI PSI PSI JOH TS JOH TS JOH TS6 6 JOH TS JOH TS JOH TS6 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot 9 5 OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot 0 6 OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 7 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 8 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 9 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 0 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes)... OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot 6 OPUe TribSlot OPUe TribSlot 5 OPUe TribSlot 6 G Suppl.()_F9- Figure 9- OPUe tributary slot allocation In addition, the justification overhead consisting of justification control (JC) and negative justification opportunity (NJO) signals of the 6 OPUe TSs are located in the overhead area, column 6 of rows to. The JOH is assigned to the related tributary slots on a per-frame basis. The JOH for a tributary slot is available once every 6 frames. A 6-frame multiframe structure is used for this assignment. This multiframe structure is locked to bits 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the MFAS byte as shown in Table 9-5. G series Supplement (0/0)

18 Table 9-5 OPUe justification overhead tributary slots MFAS Bits JOH TS MFAS Bits JOH TS ODTUee definition The optical channel data tributary unit ee (ODTUee) is a structure with 95 columns by 6 (6 ) rows plus column of justification overhead. It carries a justified ODUe signal. The ODTUee structure is illustrated in Figure 9-6. The location of the JOH column depends on the OPUe tributary slot used when multiplexing the ODTUee into the OPUe. They might not be equally distributed Mapping ODTUee into one OPUe tributary slot A byte of the ODTUee signal is mapped into a byte of one of four OPUe TS #A,B,C,D (A,B,C,D =,,..,6), as indicated in Figure 9- for a group of rows out of the ODTUee. A byte of the ODTUee JOH is mapped into a JOH byte within the OPUe OH allocated to OPUe TS #A,B,C,D. G series Supplement (0/0)

19 MFAS bits 5678 ODTUee OPUe TS#A OPUe TS#B OPUe TS#C OPUe TS#D G.Supp.(0)_F9- Figure 9- Mapping of ODTUee (excluding JOH) into four OPUe TribSlots (#A, #B, #C, #D with A<B<C<D) 9..6 OPUe multiplexing overhead The OPUe multiplex overhead consists of multiplex structure identifier (MSI), justification control A (JCA), justification control B (JCB), negative justification opportunity (NJO) and negative justification opportunity (NJO) overhead. The OPUe MSI, JC, JC, NJO and NJO overhead locations are shown in Figure 9-. In addition, positive justification overhead bytes are located in the OPUe payload. Note that the PJOx (x=,,) locations are multiframe, ODUe and OPUe tributary slot dependent. A unique payload type (PT) shall be specified in payload structure identifier (PSI). For example, code "0x80" (reserved code for proprietary use per Table 5-8 of [ITU-T G.709] Payload type code points) is to be used. G series Supplement (0/0)

20 Column Row JCA JCA NJO PJO OPUe payload ( x 808 bytes) PSI NJO PJO, PJO OPUe Reserved MSI Reserved Row, Column6 JCA Row, Column6 JCB JC JC JC JC JC Row, Column6 NJO NJO NJO /JC 55 OPUe with ODUe (,5,9,0), (,,,), (,,5,6), (6,7,8,) MFAS Bits PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO MFAS Bits PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO 0 0 PJO Row, Column7- PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO Row, Column7- PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO PJO G Suppl.()_F9- Figure 9- OPUe multiplex overhead G series Supplement (0/0)

21 9..6. OPUe multiplex structure identifier (MSI) For the 6 OPUe tributary slots, 6 bytes of the PSI are used, as shown in Figure 9-5. Bits and indicate the ODUe type transported in the TS. The tributary port # indicates the port number of the ODUe that is being transported in this TS; in the case of ODUe, the assignment of tributary ports to tributary slots is flexible. ODUe tributary ports are numbered to PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[5] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[6] ODU type Tributary Port # TS5 PSI[7] ODU type Tributary Port # TS6 PSI[8] ODU type Tributary Port # T67 PSI[9] ODU type Tributary Port # TS8 PSI[0] ODU type Tributary Port # TS9 PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS0 PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[5] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[6] ODU type Tributary Port # TS5 PSI[7] ODU type Tributary Port # TS PSI[+] ODU type Tributary Port # TS # 0 : ODUe : Tributary Port : Tributary Port : Tributary Port : Tributary Port Figure 9-5 MSI coding for ODUe OPUe multiplex justification overhead The justification overhead for the asynchronous mapping procedure located in column 6 of OPUe, see Figure 9-, consists of two justification control bytes (JCA and JCB) and two negative justification opportunity bytes (NJO and NJO). For conventional justification, bits 7 and 8 of JCA, JCB and NJO bytes can be used. The three JC bits are located in rows (bits 7 and 8), (bits 7 and 8) and (bits 7 and 8). To enhance the frequency tolerance of the accommodated client signal, new justification control bits are defined as JC bits which are located in row (bits and ), row (bits 5 and 6) and row (bits 5 and 6). The NJO and NJO bytes are located in row and row. Bits 7 and 8 of NJO bytes are used as justification control bits for conventional justification control, and these bits are also used as negative justification opportunity bits for extended justification. Undefined bits are reserved for future international standardization Mapping ODUe into ODTUee A byte of the ODUe signal is mapped into an information byte of the ODTUee. Four times per sixteen OPUe frames, it is possible to perform either a positive or a negative justification action. G series Supplement (0/0) 5

22 The four frames in which justification can be performed are related to the JOH of the OPUe TSs in which the ODTUee is mapped. Figure 9-6 shows the case with mapping in OPUe TS, TS5, TS9 and TS0. JC, JC, NJO, NJO, PJO, PJO and PJO generation and interpretation are shown in Table 9-6. MFAS bits NJO NJO JCB JCA 95 PJO PJO PJO Information bytes 000 Information bytes 000 NJO NJO JCB JCA PJO PJO PJO Information bytes 000 NJO NJO JCB JCA PJO PJO PJO Information bytes 00 NJO NJO JCB JCA PJO PJO PJO Information bytes Information bytes G.Supp.(0)_F9-6 Figure 9-6 ODTUee frame format and mapping of ODUe 6 G series Supplement (0/0)

23 Table 9-6 JC, JC, NJO, NJO, PJO, PJO and PJO generation and interpretation JC JC NJO NJO PJO PJO PJO Interpretation Justification byte 00 0 Justification byte 00 0 Justification byte 00 Justification byte Justification byte Data byte Data byte Data byte No justification (0) Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Negative justification ( ) Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte Data byte Double positive justification (+) Data byte Data byte Positive justification (+) 0 Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Double negative justification ( ) Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte Justification byte 9. Asynchronous generic mapping of four ODUe signals into OPUe Triple positive justification (+) 9.. Bit rates and capacity of OPUe/ODUe/OTUe The rates and capacities of OTUe/ODUe/OPUe are summarized in Table 9-7. The OTUe/ODUe/OPUe frame periods are.98 μs. The HO OPUe multiframe period is 9.70 μs. The ODTUe.ts payload area bandwidths are defined in Table 9-8. Table 9-7 OTUe/ODUe/OPUe rates and capacities Signal type Nominal bit rate Tolerance OTUe / Gbit/s ±0 ppm ODUe 9/55 / Gbit/s ±0 ppm OPUe 8/55 / Gbit/s ±0 ppm NOTE The nominal OTUe, ODUe and OPUe payload bit rates are approximately: '58' kbit/s (OTUe), '785' kbit/s (ODUe) and '6'.87 kbit/s (OPUe payload). ODTU type Table 9-8 ODTUe.ts payload bandwidth (kbit/s) ODTU payload nominal bandwidth ODTU payload bit rate tolerance ODTUe.ts ts 9/8 ODUe bit rate ±0 ppm Minimum Nominal Maximum ODTUe.ts ts ts ts 85.7 NOTE The bandwidth is an approximated value, rounded to decimal places. Table 9-9 Number of tributary slots required for ODUe into HO OPUe #.5G tributary slots LO ODU OPUe ODUe 8 G series Supplement (0/0) 7

24 OTUe[V] x ODUe (H) x OPUe (H) x ODTUGe PT= x ODTUe.8 ODUe Multiplexing Mapping G.Supp.(0)_F9-7 Figure 9-7 Multiplexing and mapping structures for OTUe, ODUe and OPUe 9.. Definition of OTUe, ODUe and OPUe The frame structure of the OTUe, ODUe and OPUe are the same frame structures as the frame structures of the OTUk, ODUk and OPUk specified in [ITU-T G.709]. The OPUe carries one or more ODUj (j=e) signals. The OTUe FEC is the same as the OTUk (k=,,) FEC specified in [ITU-T G.709] OPUe tributary slot definition The OPUe is divided into tributary slots (TS) of approximately.5 Gbit/s and these tributary slots are interleaved within the OPUe. A tributary slot includes a part of the OPUe OH area and a part of the OPUe payload area. The bytes of the ODUj frame are mapped into the ODTUk.ts (k=e) payload area and the ODTUe.ts bytes are mapped into the OPUe tributary slot or slots OPUe tributary slot allocation Figure 9-8 presents the OPUe.5G tributary slot allocation. An OPUe.5G tributary slot occupies.5% of the OPUe payload area. It is a structure with 9 columns by 8 ( ) rows plus tributary slot overhead (TSOH). The thirty-two OPUe tributary slots are byte-interleaved into the OPUe payload area and the thirty-two OPUe TSOHs are frame interleaved in the OPUe overhead area. 8 G series Supplement (0/0)

25 MFAS bits () Multi Frame Row Column Frame Row TSOH TS TSOH TS TSOH TS6 TSOH TS7 TSOH TS G TS# Figure 9-8 OPUe tributary slot allocation The tributary slot overhead (TSOH) of the OPUe tributary slots is located in column 6 plus column 5, rows, and of the OPUe frame. The TSOH is assigned to the related tributary slots on a per-frame basis. The TSOH for a.5g tributary slot is available once every frames. A -frame multiframe structure is used for this assignment. This multiframe structure is locked to bits,5,6,7,8 of the MFAS byte, as shown in Table 9-0 and Figure 9-8. Table 9-0 Allocation of OPUe tributary slot overhead to OPUe tributary slots MFAS bits Tributary slot MFAS bits Tributary slot G series Supplement (0/0) 9

26 Table 9-0 Allocation of OPUe tributary slot overhead to OPUe tributary slots MFAS bits Tributary slot MFAS bits Tributary slot ODTUk.ts (k=e) definition Refer to clause 9. of [ITU-T G.709] for the definition of ODTUk.ts (k=,,). The ODTUk.ts for k=e extends the ODTUk.ts set with a fourth ODTUk.ts whose characteristics are defined in Table 9-. Table 9- ODTUk.ts characteristics for k=e j r ts ODTUk.ts payload bytes ODTUk.ts overhead bytes ODTUe.ts 9 8 to 5 ts Multiplexing ODTUk.ts signals into the OPUk Multiplexing an ODTUe.ts signal into an OPUe is realized by mapping the ODTUe.ts signal in ts (of the thirty-two) arbitrary OPUe.5G Tributary Slots: OPUe TSa, TSb,.. and TSq with a < b <.. < q ODTUe.ts mapping into OPUe tributary slots A byte of the ODTUe.ts payload signal is mapped into a byte of an OPUe.5G TS #i (i =,..,ts) payload area, as indicated in Figure 9-9. A byte of the ODTUe.ts overhead is mapped into a TSOH byte within columns 5 and 6, rows to of the last OPUe.5G tributary slot allocated to the ODTUe.ts. The remaining OPUe TSOH bytes are reserved for future applications. 0 G series Supplement (0/0)

27 ODTU.ts MFAS bits OPUe TS #A 9 ts 9 x ts JC JC JC5 JC JC6 JC r- r- r- r OPUe Tributary Slots TS #A TS #B OPUe TS #B OPUe TS #X 9 9 OPUe TSOH of TS # a,b,.., x TS #X JC JC JC5 JC JC6 JC Figure 9-9 Mapping of ODTUe.ts into 'ts' OPUe.5G tributary slots 9..5 OPUe multiplex overhead The OPUk (k=e) multiplex overhead consists of a multiplex structure identifier (MSI) and an ODTU overhead. The ODTUk.ts overhead carries the GMP justification overhead consisting of bytes of justification control (JC, JC, JC), which carry the -bit GMP C m information, and client/lo ODU specific bytes of justification control (JC, JC5, JC6), which carry the 0-bit GMP ΣC 8D information. The JC, JC, JC, JC, JC5 and JC6 overhead locations are shown in Figure 9-0. G series Supplement (0/0)

28 Row Column OPUk Payload ( x 808 bytes) PSI JC6 JC5 JC JC JC JC ODTUe.ts 0 OPUe PT= Reserved MSI JC JC JC C C C C C C C C C C C C C C I D 9 0 I I CRC-8 -bit C m (m=8 x M) Decrement Indicator Increment Indicator Reserved JC JC D D D D D 5 D D D D D client specific 0-bit ΣC 8D 55 JC6 CRC-5 Figure 9-0 OPUk (k=e) multiplex overhead associated with an ODTUk.ts (Payload type = ) OPUe multiplex structure identifier (MSI) Payload type For the thirty-two OPUe.5G tributary slots, bytes of the PSI are used (PSI[] to PSI[]) as MSI bytes, as shown in Figures 9-0, 9-A and 9-B. The MSI indicates the ODTU content of each tributary slot of an OPU. One byte is used for each tributary slot. The TS occupation bit indicates if the tributary slot is allocated or unallocated. The tributary port # in bits to 8 indicates the port number of the LO ODUj (j=e) that is being transported in this TS; for the case of an LO ODUj carried in two or more tributary slots, a flexible assignment of tributary slots is possible. LO ODUj tributary ports are numbered to. The value is set to all-0s when the occupation bit has the value 0 (tributary slot is unallocated). G series Supplement (0/0)

29 G TS PSI[] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS PSI[] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS PSI[] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS PSI[5] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS PSI[6] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS5 PSI[7] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS6 PSI[8] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS7 PSI[9] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS8 : : : : : : : : PSI[] TS occupied Tributary Port # TS Figure 9-A OPUe.5G TS MSI coding Payload type PSI[+ i] Occupation Tributary Port # TS #i 0 : Unallocated : Allocated : Tributary Port : Tributary Port : Tributary Port : Tributary Port : 00 : Tributary Port 9..6 Mapping ODUj into ODTUk.ts Figure 9-B OPUe MSI coding Payload type Mapping ODUe into ODTUe.M Groups of M successive bytes of the extended ODUj (j = e) signal are mapped into a group of M successive bytes of the ODTUe.M payload area under control of the GMP data/stuff control mechanism. Each group of M bytes in the ODTUe.M payload area may either carry M ODU bytes, or carry M stuff bytes. The value of the stuff bytes is set to all-0's. The groups of M bytes in the ODTUe.M payload area are numbered from to 5. The ODTUe.M payload byte numbering for GMP M-byte (m-bit) blocks is the same as illustrated in Figure 9-8 of [ITU-T G.709] for ODTU. In row of the ODTUe.M multiframe the first M-bytes will be labelled, the next M-bytes will be labelled, etc. G series Supplement (0/0)

30

31

32 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Series D Series E Series F Series G Series H Series I Series J Series K Series L Series M Series N Series O Series P Series Q Series R Series S Series T Series U Series V Series X Series Y Series Z Organization of the work of ITU-T General tariff principles Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Non-telephone telecommunication services Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Audiovisual and multimedia systems Integrated services digital network Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Protection against interference Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Specifications of measuring equipment Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods Switching and signalling Telegraph transmission Telegraph services terminal equipment Terminals for telematic services Telegraph switching Data communication over the telephone network Data networks, open system communications and security Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 0

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