ABOUT ALLIED. Global Refractory Solutions. About. Research & Technology. MINRO Investment Powders

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2 ABOUT ALLIED About Allied Mineral Products is a world leader in the design and manufacture of monolithic refractories and precast shapes. With strong sales and service teams in the foundry, aluminum, steel, heat treat/forge and industrial markets, our success is based on our dedication to Being There Worldwide with Refractory Solutions. Producing quality, consistent products is top priority at Allied and we have the products to meet your refractory needs. Our extensive product line includes innovative refractory technology and longstanding refractory alternatives. Allied s focus on quality at every stage in the production process is unparalleled. A stringent raw material standard and global quality control testing before and after each batch is produced, provides customers with consistent products. We provide quick response times to any urgent request through flexible manufacturing systems at all our manufacturing facilities. Research & Technology After gaining a detailed understanding of your specific needs, our team evaluates operating criteria and physical design parameters to create a detailed engineered design encompassing: Patented technologies Optimized product zoning Thermal models to optimize and validate designs Proven safety lining system designs Unique installation properties and techniques Leading edge refractory system designs We re focused on developing new products, improving existing products and perfecting installation techniques. Our product development and testing is conducted in our state of the art research and technology center. As an innovative, technology-driven supplier we re devoted to providing customized refractory solutions for various industry operations. We offer a wide variety of high performance refractory products with superior raw material quality. MINRO Investment Powders Since 2014, we ve sourced raw materials, manufactured and shipped Jewelry Investment Powders from our Columbus, Ohio facility. Initially, we provided these manufacturing services to a major jewelry powder producer in Romulus, Michigan (USA). In late 2017, we acquired the formula rights to these Jewelry Investment Powders, which allows us to produce these legacy investment powders under Allied branded names. Global Refractory Solutions

3 PRODUCTS SC20 SC20 is recognized by the global jewelry casting industry as the benchmark for casting the highest quality gold and silver. Ideal thermal expansion for wax setting Very flexible formula can be used with all types of metals and designs World s most trusted investment Recommended mixing ratio: ml water to 100g powder SV20 Investment is a thick-slurry version of SC20, useful for large (ie: figurines) gold/silver castings KC2000 KC2000 is a very forgiving and dependable jewelry investment casting powder for all of your gold, silver, and brass casting needs. Economical formula Easy break out for large volume production Highly consistent with smooth surface finish Recommended mixing ratio: ml water to 100g powder SC-X SC-X is based on the SC20 formula, however it contains a higher percentage of cristobalite, making it best suited for casting white gold. High compressive strength and low thermal expansion Can withstand rapid and high temperature burnouts without cracking Smooth lustrous surface quality with high details Recommended mixing ratio: ml water to 100g powder SC-D SC-D is based on the SC20 formula, with proven pre-mixed additives that protect stones from heat. Ideal thermal expansion for wax setting in diamonds, colorstones, colored synthetics and cubic zirconia Recommended mixing ratio: ml water to 100g powder SC-P SC-P is a unique high temperature investment formulated for casting of platinum and stainless steel. Packaged in 80 lb pails

4 PROPERTY DATA MINRO Investment Powders are used to form lost-wax molds for the casting of Jewelry and fine art pieces with gold, silver, and other metal alloys. Investment powders are composed primarily of powdered silica (quartz), cristobalite (a form of quartz) and a gypsum (calcium sulfate) binder. Water is mixed on-site by user prior to use to form the mold. Typical Chemistry % by Weight Silica (SiO 2 ) %-80% Calcium Sulfate %-40% (Quartz & Cristobalite) (Gypsum) Mixing Instructions For SC20, SC-X, SC-D, KC2000 and SV20 Step 1 Weigh investment Step 7 Vacuum up to 90 seconds Step 2 Measure water Step 8 Let flask sit still for 2 hours Step 3 Add investment to water Step 9 Preheat furnace 300 F / 149 C (do not preheat for multiple flasks) Recommended Working Time Conventional Mixing Step 4 Mix minutes Step 10 Remove spruce base Step 5 Vacuum 20 seconds after boil Step 11 Load into furnace Step 6 Pour into flask Step 12 Follow appropriate burnout cycle Add powder to water and mix Vacuum mixing bowl Pour into flask Vacuum flask Top off flask Setting time Gloss off Vacuum Mixing Time (Minutes) Add powder to water and mix Fill the flasks Setting time Gloss off Time (Minutes) Work time: elapsed time between adding powder to the water and thickening of investment Water temperature: Water should be 70 F (21 C) to 75 F (24 C). Colder water = extends work time; Warmer water = shortens work time Water Quality: Deionized (DI) or Distilled

5 BURNOUT CYCLE Burnout Cycles for SC Series, KC2000 and SV BURNOUT CYCLE DEGREES F (23 C) Ambient 300 F (149 C) 5 Hour - 1 Hr 8 Hour - 1 Hr 12 Hour - 2 Hr 700 F (371 C) 5 Hour - 1 Hr 8 Hour - 2 Hr 12 Hour - 2 Hr 900 F (482 C) 1350 F (732 C) Casting Temp STEPS 8 Hour - 1 Hr 12 Hour - 2 Hr 5 Hour - 2 Hr 8 Hour - 3 Hr 12 Hour - 4 Hr 5 Hour - 1 Hr 8 Hour - 1 Hr 12 Hour - 2 Hr Cast Type of ring Women s rings (Intricate designs) Men s rings (heavier designs) Casting Temperatures Temperature range (F ) Temperature range (C ) F C F C Note: During final 1-2 hours of burnout, adjust temperature so flasks are at correct casting temperature. Cycle length 5 hour 8 hour 12 hour Hold time Size 2.5 in x 2.5 in (63 mmx 66 mm) 3.5 in x 4 in (89 mm x 100 mm) 4 in x 8 in (100 mm x 200 mm) Note: Graph is meant as a guide only. Adjustments should be made as necessary. 5, 8, and 12 Hour Cycles represent hold times only and do not include ramp time. Recommended ramp time of approximately 9 F (5 C) per minute.

6 BURNOUT CYCLE Burnout Cycle for SC-D Investment Powders (Stone-in-Place) Typical 8 hour Cycle Maximum Temperatures Diamond 1050 F/566 C Gemstones 1100 F/593 C Cubic Zirconia 1350 F/732 C Maximum Temperature 2 Hour F / 149 C 2 Hour F / 371 C 3 Hour - Max. Temp. 1 Hour - Casting Temp. Note: Most conventional burnout procedures may be applied, with the exception of paying special attention to the maximum burnout temperature. Stone in Place Process Stones recommended: Diamond, Sapphire, Ruby, Cubic Zirconia and Synthetic Stones Investment Removal Never quench the sudden temperature shock normally results in cracking of the stones. Allow flask to sit at room temperature for at least two hours, at which time the tree can be loosened from the flask by tapping with a rubber mallet. When cool enough, soak the tree in an investment removal solution. General Notes: Specific mixing and burnout instructions are shown on each package Water quality: Deionized (DI) or Distilled only Water temperature: Water should be 70 F (21 C) to 75 F (24 C). Colder water = extended worktime, warmer water = reduced worktime Store unused investment powder in cool, dry location. Storage/use beyond 12 months is not recommended. Standard packaging is 100 lbs (45 kg) plastic pail or 50 lbs (22.7 kg) poly-woven bag MINRO Investment powders are made in Columbus, OH (USA) using American silica, gypsum, and cristobalite for unequalled consistency and performance EW (Extended Worktime) versions of our powders offer 10%-20% more working time and are available on request.

7 INVESTMENT TROUBLESHOOTING Condition Fins or flash on casting (added thin metal extensions) Non-fins (incomplete castings) Porous castings (fine cavities in metal) Foreign particle inclusions Spalling (portion of investment in mold) Bubbles / nodules Rough surface Watermarks (grainy surface) Causes & Corrections Incorrect water/powder ratio causing weak investment mold; investment improperly stored; investment extended past work time; flasks disturbed too soon; flasks heated too rapidly Pattern improperly sprued (too thin or too few); incomplete wax burnout; mold to cool when cast; metal too cool when cast; insufficient metal by weight Pattern improperly sprued; incomplete wax burnout; metal overheated; mold too hot; too much old metal (never use more than 50%); metal insufficiently fluxes; too much flux added to metal Sharp corners and bends in sprue system; flask placed in furnace too soon; flask heated too fast Sharp corners and bends in sprue system; flask placed in furnace too soon; flask heated too fast; investment handled past work time Wax patterns not painted with wetting agent; slurry not sufficiently mixed; vacuum in need of pump oil Roughness on wax pattern; pattern improperly sprued; incorrect water/ powder ratio Investing too rapidly; incorrect water/powder ratio; investment handled past work time

8 ALLOY CHART Symbol Metal % Gold % Silver % Copper % Zinc % Other C F Specific Gravity Al Aluminum 100 Al Nu-Gold Red Brass Bronze 96 4 Sn Au Gold (fine) K Yellow K (coinage) K Yellow (a) K Yellow (b) K Green Rose White Pd K Yellow Rose White 42 58Pd Old Pewter 80 Pb, 20 Sn Pt Platinum Pt Ag Silver (fine Sterling Coin Silver Stainless Steel 91 Fe, 9 Cr Sn Tin 100 Sn Ti Titanium Ti *This chart should only be used as a guide Visit alliedmineral.com for more information Allied Mineral Products, Inc. Created: Feb 2019