Physics Homework 5 Fall 2015

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1 1) Which of the following (along with its Indonesian relative, the gamelan) generally have a domed central area, thick metal, and a general pitch center? 1) A) gong, B) tam-tam, C) cymbals, D) bells, E) crash cymbals. 2) What factor in the sound of the early electronic piano caused the major differnce in it's sound compared to the acoustic piano? 2) A) enharmonics, B) attack, C) harpsichord. D) pianoforte, E) decay, 3) Which of the following can be obtained by sprinkling salt or sand onto a thin, regularly shaped metal plate that is excited into vibration by drawing a violin bow across one edge or by some other, usually electrical, means? 3) A) nodal diameters, B) diffraction pattern, C) nodal circles, D) nodal points, E) Chladni-type patterns. 4) Which of the following mechanisms for the production of the sustained sound of a piano note is deliberately set by a good piano tuner? 4) A) una corda, B) coupling, C) mistuned strings. D) impedance matching, E) polarization, 5) Which of the following is a plucked stringed instrument that became popular in Spain for a lengthy period during the Renaissance? 5) A) cittern, B) harp. C) lute, D) pandora, E) vihuela, 6) The bell lyra bars vibrate which of the following ways? 6) A) along the length, B) across the width, C) across the thickness, - 1 -

2 7) Which of the following determine the initial sound of a well tuned piano note? 7) A) Mersenne s Laws, B) tinny sound, C) stretched tuning, D) sustained sound. E) prompt sound, 8) Which of the following components of a violin transfers the sound vibration from the strings to the body of the instrument? 8) A) wooden back, B) bow, C) wooden belly. D) fingerboard, E) bridge, 9) A piano is classified as which of the following? 9) A) telephones. B) aerophones, C) idiophones, D) membranophones, E) chordophones, 10) The thickness of the walls of English bells are tailored to adjust their so as to tune the bells in mean-tone temperament, so that notes a major third apart played simultaneously will be beatless? 10) A) ndefinite pitch. B) overtone, C) definite pitch, D) strike tone, E) hum tone, 11) Which of the following produces the lowest frequency of a violin? 11) A) f-holes, B) D-string, C) A-string, D) G-string, E) E-string. 12) Which of the following was used to stop the vibration of the strings on certain musical instruments? 12) A) damper. B) keyboard, C) tangent, D) hammer, E) plectrum, 13) Which are true? 13) - 2 -

3 A) The later harpsichords had several strings per key. B) The clavichord was generally louder than the harpsichord. C) The early clavichords had several tangents per string. D) Two of these E) ) Three of these. 14) Which of the following stringed instruments is often used for folk music, has a twang-like sound, and is usually plucked very fast? 14) A) dulcimer. B) violin, C) guitar, D) banjo, E) ukulele, 15) What are the different types of guitar pickups? 15) A) rule of 18, B) Inside and outside, C) Forte and pizzicato, D) foot pedals. E) Magnetic and piezo, 16) Which of the following results when a cello plays F# 2 because the main wood vibrates at its resonance frequency? 16) A) pizzicato, B) foot pedals. C) transients, D) wolf note, E) rule of 18, 17) Which of the following is a unique feature of the marimba that increases its volume or loudness? 17) A) butterfly valve, B) arch cut in bar, C) tubular resonator, D) bends. E) metal plugs, 18) Which of the following is common to both the clavichord and the harpsichord? 18) A) bow, B) arrow. C) keyboard, D) plectrum, E) tangent, 19) Which are true? 19) A) A marimba without resonators sounds richer in overtones, softer in volume, and lasts longer in duration. B) The resonator tubes underneath the bars of marimba bars are open at the bottom. C) They are chosen in length so as to increase the loudness of the first overtone. 20) Which are true? 20) A) Left-handed pianos have been built that allow left handed performers to perform better than they can on - 3 -

4 conventional pianos. B) The signals from these transducers can be recorded analogically and then edited so as to construct a literally perfect performance. C) Commercial pianos are available with transducers that can indicate when, how hard, and how fast each key is struck, the only three factors that affect the sound of the piano. 21) What stringed instruments are found in the modern orchestra? 21) A) violin, viola, cello, double bass, and harp, B) violin, viola de gambina, cello, double bass, and harp, C) violin, viol, cello, double bass, and harp, D) violin, viola, cello, bass guitar, and harpsichord, E) violin, viola de gamba, cello, double bass, and harp, 22) Which of the following is a technique of playing an Asian Indian drum by lightly touching the head with the little finger while simultaneously slapping the head a quarter of the way around, yielding a higher than normal frequency tone? 22) A) dayan, B) ak, C) bayan, D) ga. E) tin, 23) Which of the following components of a violin couple the internal vibrations to the outside air? 23) A) sound post, B) bottom plate, C) f-holes. D) bass bar, E) top plate, 24) Which of the following string instruments has frets? 24) A) string bass, B) viola, C) guitar, D) harp. E) cello, 25) How many of the upper keys of many pianos have actions without dampers? 25) A) 230. B) 36, C) 21, D) 52, E) 88, 26) Which of the following percussion instruments consists of a set of uniform metal bars struck by a mallet and often carried in a marching band with the top held by the performer s hand and the bottom supported at the performer s waist? 26) A) bell lyra, B) orchestral chimes. C) marimba, - 4 -

5 D) vibraphone, E) xylophone, 27) Which of the following has the piano keyboard and strings reversed to normal? 27) A) left-handed instrument, B) electromechanical transducers, C) old piano-roll technique, D) audio system using loud speakers, E) None of these. 28) Which are true? 28) A) The arch on the underside of marimba bars helps keep the size, weight, and cost of the marimba down. B) Three of these. C) Two of these. D) The arch in a bar has a noticeable effect upon the frequencies of the overtones of the bar. E) The shape and size of the arch affect the tuning and tone quality of the bar. 29) What are the difference between the mountain dulcimer and the hammered dulcimer? 29) A) The hammered dulcimer uses hammers to hit strings while the mountain dulcimer is strummed or plucked. B) The mountain dulcimer has a keyboard while the hammered dulcimer does not. C) The hammered dulcimer has many strings while the mountain dulcimer has 3 or 4. D) Two of the above. E) Three of the above. 30) Which are true? 30) A) Complex interactions between the strings on some keys will result in different overtones decaying at the same rates. B) One reason for having some piano keys strike one, two, or three strings is to keep the loudness different from note to note. C) To produce uniform tone along the keyboard, the hammers must strike their respective strings at the same ratio along their lengths

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