Hey, what is a narrative anyway?

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1 Narrative Writing Class Lesson 1 Here is what you will learn in this lesson: I. What a Narrative Is. II. Journal Writing: Double-entry journal and problem-solution journal. III. Paragraph Writing. IV. The Five Steps in the Writing Process: Writing your narrative from beginning to end. Hey, what is a narrative anyway? A narrative tells a story. All of us tell stories every day about events that happen to us or someone else. Telling a narrative aloud is very different from writing a narrative. When we tell a story verbally, we often tell it out of sequence. Also, our gestures and tone of voice help give our audience information about what happened and about the characters in our story. When we write a narrative, we must consider many things. First, we must consider the purpose of our writing. Many narratives include some kind of lesson learned or moral as part of their purpose. Also, our narrative needs to be written in an organized manner, either in the order the story happened or in some other logical sequence. This organization helps our readers follow along and understand the point of the story. We must also describe in detail the characters, setting, and events so that our readers have a good picture of what is happening and can understand how to feel about the characters. Finally, our written narrative must have a conclusion (which is another word for an ending). There are many forms of narrative writing. These include journal and diary writing, friendly letter writing, writing about literature or art, and story writing (both fiction and nonfiction). Nonfiction narrative writing tells a story or an event that is true. There are two main categories of nonfiction narrative writing: personal and biographical. A personal narrative tells about the experiences of the author. We also call this an autobiographical narrative. On the other hand, in a biographical narrative, the author tells a story about another person. 1 of 12

2 Journal Writing Keeping a journal is a great way for you to record your thoughts and insights about books you are reading and about special events or situations in your life. Journals can be private, or they can be shared with others. Journal entries are a great source for story ideas. In this class, you may use some of your journal entries as starting points for longer narratives. There are many ways of journaling, and each technique can be used to journal for a specific purpose. In this class, we will focus on two common journaling techniques. One is called the Double-Entry Journal and the other is called the Problem-Solution Journal. Double-Entry Journal The double-entry journal is so named because you make a double (two-part) entry in your journal. The first part is where you will write down a fact or quotation. Underneath that, you will write down what you think and how you feel about that fact or quotation. Problem-Solution Journal The problem-solution journal entry is written just the way it sounds: first you write down a problem, and underneath that, you brainstorm possible solutions to that problem. In this class, you will be keeping two different journals a Book Journal (about the book you are reading for this class), and a Personal Events Journal (about true things that are happening in your life). You will write in both journals two times a week for most weeks during the session. Anytime you write in either journal, you are free to choose either of the above methods (Double-Entry or Problem-Solution). On the next page, you will see how this might look. Note This: You must choose a book to read for this class and divide the reading among the first five weeks of class, so that you are reading one fifth of the book each week. Choose a book you have not read before and that you can read completely over the five weeks allotted to it. You will write your book journal entries each week about what you ve read that week, and then, during week 6, you will write a story summary about the entire book. 2 of 12

3 Book Journal You will write your book journal about what you have read that week in the book you chose for this class. If you want to write in double-entry format in your book journal, it will look like this: Fact or Quote Huckleberry Finn Huck Finn flicked a spider off him and it landed in the candle fire. Before he could get it out, it shriveled up. Huck thought it was bad luck to kill a spider. My Feelings and Thoughts Huck Finn must be very superstitious. I am sure I have killed many spiders by accident, and it hasn t brought me bad luck. I wonder if Huck does other things that are superstitious. If you want to write in problem-solution format in your book journal, it will look like this: Problem Charlotte s Web Fern s parents want Wilbur to go live on her uncle s farm, but Fern wants to keep him at home with her. Possible Solutions Fern could make a pen for Wilbur so that he wouldn t get into mischief. She could also agree to do extra chores to pay for his keep. Personal Events Journal You should write your personal events journal about something happening in your life right now. If you want to write in double-entry format in your personal events journal, it will look like this: Fact or Quote We are moving to Colorado in three weeks. My Feelings and Thoughts I m both nervous and excited about the move. I know this is the best thing for our family, and I am looking forward to all the neat things I will be able to do there, but I don t want to leave my friends that live here or the house we ve been in for the last five years. I m a bit sad. If you want to write in problem-solution format in your personal events journal, it will look like this: Problem I want to buy a robot, but I don t have enough money. Possible Solutions Maybe I could ask my parents or neighbors if they have any work I can do to earn some money. I also could watch for sales or think of buying a used one. When I receive gift money for my birthday, I need to save it for the robot instead of spending it on something else. 3 of 12

4 Paragraph Writing In this class, you will continue to work on writing complete paragraphs. If you recall from Fundamentals of Writing, a paragraph is a group of sentences working together to describe one main idea or topic. A paragraph can be any length, as long as all of the sentences are organized around a single idea. Most writers will write for a specific purpose. The purpose of your writing helps readers understand why the piece was written. Is the purpose to entertain your reader with a funny story? Maybe it is to inform, to teach, or even to persuade your audience to believe something. Whatever the purpose, it is also important to identify your audience. Your audience is the person (or people) who will be reading your writing. Keep your purpose and audience in mind as you write. Use the following steps to properly organize and write a complete paragraph. Step 1: Decide on a topic. Make sure your topic has a single focus or idea. Topic (focuses on a single idea) My Favorite Place to Go Step 2: Write a topic sentence. The first sentence is your topic sentence, and it tells the reader the main idea or focus of your paragraph. Topic Sentence (states the main idea) My favorite place to go is the Children s Museum. Step 3: List details. You will note all the details you want to share about your topic, then write at least one sentence for each detail. We call these sentences detail or supporting sentences. Make sure that your sentences follow a logical order, that you use descriptive adjectives, vivid verbs, and lively adverbs in your sentences, and that you start each sentence in a different way. Details (use vivid verbs, lively adverbs, and descriptive adjectives) scientific displays, giant balance scale, powerful water pump, small boats, captivating projects 4 of 12

5 Detail/Supporting Sentences (support the main idea; try to use many different beginnings) 1. Scientific displays cover the entire second floor. 2. My favorite display is a giant interactive balance scale that lets me compare my weight to ten-pound and five-pound bags of rice. 3. The museum also has a powerful water pump that visitors can watch as it pumps water from one large tank into several small ones. 4. Sometimes the museum has captivating projects, such as crafts that teach us about specific times in history. 5. Of all the stations, my favorite is the one where I can build small boats. Step 4: Write a closing sentence. The last sentence is called a closing sentence, and it restates the main idea of your paragraph. Closing Sentence (restates the main idea, but in different words) Spending the afternoon at the Children s Museum is always enjoyable. Now that you ve written your topic sentence, detail sentences, and closing sentence, you can put it all into paragraph form. If you think of ways to expand the specifics within your detail sentences, feel free to do so. Your paragraph should be visually pleasing so that it will look at great as it sounds. Remember to double-space your paragraph and indent the first line. In this class, you must continue to type all of your assignments in MLA format. If you have any questions, please refer to the MLA instructions you were given previously or ask the teacher for assistance. Reminder: Assignments will be accepted only if they are in MLA format. If you want to add clipart to your story, you always are welcome to do so, but this is not required. An example of how the completed paragraph might look can be found on the next page. 5 of 12

6 [Header] Smith 1 Brian Smith Ms. Jones Narrative Writing [Heading] August 11, 2009 The Museum: A Favorite Adventure [Creative and Informative Title] My favorite place to go is the Children s Museum. Scientific displays cover the entire second floor, making it a kid s dreamland. My favorite display is a giant interactive balance scale that lets me compare my weight to ten-pound and five-pound bags of rice. The museum also has a powerful water pump that visitors can watch as it works to move water from one large tank into several smaller ones. Sometimes the museum has captivating projects for us to do, such as crafts that teach us about specific times in history. Of all the stations, my favorite is the one where I can build small boats. The last time we went, I chose to make a slender boat, which I painted yellow with green racing stripes along the side. Spending the afternoon at the Children s Museum is always enjoyable for my family and me. 6 of 12

7 The Five Steps in the Writing Process: writing your narrative from beginning to end Writing a paragraph is not always easy. Some writers have difficulty staying on one main idea or even developing ideas to use as topics. Following the five steps in the Writing Process will guide you in writing your own narrative. Use these five steps in all of your writing assignments. The Writing Process will help you: 1. Develop ideas to use as a topic. This is called Prewriting. 2. Create a First Draft. 3. Revise your writing to make it better. 4. Edit grammatical and spelling errors. 5. Publish a fantastic piece of work. 1. Prewriting is the time when you decide on a topic to write about, gather information about your topic, and decide which details you want to share with your audience. After you have chosen your topic, your next task is to brainstorm ideas and gather information about your topic. Write down interesting details about your topic so that you can use them later in your writing. After you have brainstormed, you will need to decide which ideas and details you want to use in your writing. Think about how much you want to say about your topic. Write down the details you want to share so that you can refer to them when writing your first draft. 2. Writing a first draft means you will write all of your ideas down on paper. Don t worry about your spelling, punctuation, or grammar, but try to spell the best you can. Circle or highlight any words you are unsure of so that you can go back to them later when editing. Remember how to write a paragraph: Start by writing a topic sentence. A topic sentence expresses the main idea of the paragraph and is usually the first sentence of a paragraph. The main idea lets the reader know what the paragraph is going to be about. 7 of 12

8 Next, write as many detail or supporting sentences as you can by using the ideas and details you brainstormed previously. When you write your sentences, remember to vary your sentence structure and sentence beginnings, and make sure to use descriptive words to keep your paragraph interesting. Your sentences must support your main idea and follow a logical order. Finally, write a closing sentence. A closing sentence restates the main idea in your topic sentence but in different words. 3. Revising begins by reading over your first draft to see how you can improve your paragraph. Start by doing the following: Look to see that your paragraph has a topic sentence. Look to see that your detail or supporting sentences contain details that support your main idea. Are they relevant to what your main idea is? Are they in a logical order? If not, rewrite them so that all of your sentences support the main idea you stated in your topic sentence and flow together smoothly. Make sure your closing sentence restates your main idea. 4. Editing is the time when you look for spelling, punctuation, and grammatical errors. Here are a few things you should check for: Spelling and grammar Capitalization and punctuation Sentence structure: Have you used a variety of sentence styles? Using only simple sentences will make your writing boring. Subject/verb agreement: Both must be singular, or both must be plural. Consistent verb tense: Make sure your sentence stays in one tense (present, past, or future). Word usage: Use a thesaurus to help you find new words to use in your paragraph. Use vivid verbs, lively adverbs, and descriptive adjectives in your paragraph to make your writing expressive and colorful. Make sure you ve correctly used easily confused words (such as are/our, where/were, too/to/two, there/their/they re, etc.) 8 of 12

9 5. Publishing means making your paragraph look great! To do this, you will need to make sure your paragraph is in MLA format, and, if desired, you may include relevant clip-art. MLA Format: 1. Type all documents double-spaced. 2. Use margins of one inch (1 ) on all sides. 3. Provide a double-spaced entry, called the HEADING, in the top left corner of the first page only that lists your name, your instructor's name, the course name, and the date. 4. Create a HEADER that gives your last name and the page number. 5. Center your title on the line below the date heading. Do NOT underline the title or put it in quotation marks. DO make it creative and informative. 6. Begin your paragraph below the title. Indent the first line of each paragraph by using the tab key located on your keyboard. Inserting Clip Art into your Word Document: 1. While in your document, place your cursor where you would like to insert a picture. 2. Next, click on Insert from the menu bar. 3. Now click on Picture, and then Clip Art (in Word 2007, just click Clip Art). 4. You should see many categories, and you can double click on them to see the pictures. Or you can type a word into the search bar. 5. Once you have found your picture, you will want to click on it once. Now you should see a tool bar like this: Click on the top one and it should insert the picture into your document. The picture may look very big in your document, but this is easily fixed. 6. First, click once on the picture, then click on the Format menu on your menu bar. Then click on the submenu Picture. 7. You should now see several tabs, and one of them says Size. 8. Click on that, and you should be able to make your picture smaller by making the numbers smaller in the boxes. 9. Some of the other formatting tabs allow you to place your picture in different positions in your document. I would encourage you to play with these functions, as this is the best way to learn about inserting and formatting art and pictures in your documents. 9 of 12

10 Narrative Writing Lesson 1 Assignments When typing your assignments in Word, please make sure to use MLA format. Also, when you me your assignments, please make sure that the subject line on your includes your name, the class name (NW), and the assignment number or numbers. Example: Subject: BrianS NW-1A Or (if sending more than one) Subject: BrianS NW-1B and 1C (and so on) When you are sending in your revisions, make sure to include that in the subject as well (rev1 or rev2 or whichever revision number it is). Example: Subject: BrianS NW-1D rev2 NW1A: Vocabulary For this week s vocabulary assignment, I would like you to choose two new vocabulary words from a book you are reading. Make sure to choose words that you don t know the meaning of yet. You will need to look up the definition, synonyms, and part of speech for each of your words. Your assignment is to type the following information into a Word document: Word 1 (spelled correctly) Definition (in your own words) Synonyms Part of speech Sentence using the word correctly Word 2 [Include all the same information for your second vocabulary word.] Please name your assignment with your name and NW1A (make sure to save it as a.doc or.docx). Remember to use MLA format. this assignment to me as an attachment. Example: Brian_NW1A.doc NW1B: Book Journal Reading a book and keeping a journal about that book will be a required assignment for the first five weeks of this class. You may choose one or both of the techniques described in this lesson for your journal entries (doubleentry or problem-solution). You need to write journal entries at least two (2) times each week. Your assignment is to type one of your book journal entries into a Word document. Please make sure to tell me what book you are reading by using it as the title for your assignment. Please name your assignment with your name and NW1B (and make sure to save it as a.doc or.docx). Remember MLA format. E- mail this assignment to me as an attachment. 10 of 12

11 NW1C: Personal Events Journal You will be keeping a personal events journal, where you will write about your own experiences. You may choose one or both of the techniques described in this lesson for your journal entries (double-entry or problem-solution). You need to write journal entries at least two (2) times each week. Your assignment is to have one of your parents me to let me know that you wrote in your personal events journal twice this week. You do NOT have to send me your personal events journal entries. (This allows you to keep your personal journal private.) NW1D: Paragraph Writing This assignment will require that you review what you learned in this lesson on paragraph writing. Below is a writing prompt to help you get started on your paragraph. From this prompt, you are to write a topic sentence, write detail sentences, and write a closing sentence. Then you will take your sentences and put them into paragraph form. Please follow the steps below to help you complete this assignment. You may also want to use the Five Steps in the Writing Process to guide you in writing your paragraph. Type your finished assignment in a Word document. Please name your assignment with your name and NW1D (make sure to save it as a.doc or.docx). Remember MLA format. E- mail this assignment to me as an attachment. Your writing prompt: If I could go anywhere in the world, it would be Here are some guidelines to help you write your paragraph. Step 1: Write your topic sentence. Remember, it needs to state the main idea of your paragraph. Topic Sentence: Step 2: Write your detail or supporting sentences. Start by making a list of all the details that support your topic sentence, and then write a sentence for each detail. Make sure to put them in a logical order. List of Details:.. 11 of 12

12 Step 3: Write a closing sentence. Remember, a closing sentence restates the main idea of your paragraph. Closing Sentence: Step 4: Now you are ready to put all of your sentences into paragraph form. Make sure your sentences are in logical order. See the third step in the Writing Process (Revising) if you need help. Step 5: Look over your paragraph one last time and make any necessary edits. See the fourth step in the Writing Process (Editing) to remind yourself what you should check. Step 6: Think of a creative and informative title for your paragraph and make sure that your assignment is in MLA format. If you would like, you may add clip art to your assignment. See the fifth step in the Writing Process (Publishing) if you need help. 12 of 12

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