Roger Jugmohan Senior Statistician Agriculture Statistics Division Central Statistical Office Ministry of Planning and Sustainable Development

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1 Roger Jugmohan Senior Statistician Agriculture Statistics Division Central Statistical Office Ministry of Planning and Sustainable Development Country Experience of the WCA 2010 Trinidad and Tobago FAO-OEA/CIE-IICA WORKING GROUP ON AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK STATISTICS FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Twenty-Sixth Session Port of Spain 5 7 June,

2 OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION History and Geography of Trinidad and Tobago Administrative Structure of Trinidad and Tobago Historical Review of Agricultural Censuses Statutory Authority to Conduct Censuses in Trinidad and Tobago Uses of Census Data in Trinidad and Tobago Differences between the 1982 and 2004 Agricultural Censuses and Critical Success Factors Planning for the 2014 Agricultural Census

3 HISTORY OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO The historical record of Trinidad and Tobago dates back since its rediscovery by Christopher Columbus in After being captured from Spain by the British in 1797, Trinidad became the first British Crown Colony in In 1763, Tobago was captured by the British and in 1889, Trinidad joined Tobago and became a joint Crown Colony. Trinidad and Tobago gained its independence on 31st August, 1962 and became a Republican State on 1st. August, Within its historical context of slavery and indentureship, Trinidad and Tobago is currently one of the most cosmopolitan and plural societies in the English speaking Caribbean and the Western Hemisphere. Trinidad and Tobago possesses a Parliamentary Democracy and governance is based on the Westminster model.

4 GEOGRAPHY OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Trinidad and Tobago is the most southerly isles of the English speaking Caribbean. Located at Latitude North West Longitude, the twin island states are bounded by the Caribbean Sea in the North, Gulf of Paria in the West, Atlantic Ocean in the East and the Columbus Channels in the South. Trinidad and Tobago also lies at the north-eastern corner of Venezuela, from which it is separated by the Gulf of Paria. It has a land area of approximately 5,128 square kilometers. The total population of Trinidad and Tobago based on the 2011 Population and Housing Census was 1,328,019.

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7 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Trinidad and Tobago is presently divided into fifteen (15) Administrative Regions. Fourteen in Trinidad and the island of Tobago. The Administrative Region of Tobago is sub-divided into seven Parishes. Municipal Corporations were established by Act No. 21 of 1990 and replaced the previous administrative arrangement of County Councils. The present structure of Local Government Administration is as follows: City Corporations Port of Spain San Fernando

8 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Borough Corporations Arima Chaguanas Point Fortin Regional Corporations Diego Martin San Juan/Laventille Tunapuna/Piarco Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo Mayaro/Rio Claro Sangre Grande Princes Town Penal/Debe Siparia

9 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Tobago St. George St. Mary St. Andrew St. Patrick St. David St. Paul St. John

10 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO SUMMARY No of Municipalities in Trinidad - 14 No of Parishes in Tobago - 7 No of Enumeration Districts (Eds) in Tobago No of Enumeration Districts (Eds) in Trinidad (estimated) Communities in Trinidad (estimated) Communities in Tobago - 67

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13 HISTORICAL REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL CENSUSES Trinidad and Tobago does not have a have a long history and well-established tradition of conducting Agricultural Censuses as compared to Population and Housing Censuses which go back to its fist taking in The second Population Census was undertaken in 1851 and subsequent censuses were conducted at ten years intervals. The first Agricultural Census was held in 1946 and was conducted as part of the Population carried out that year. The second Agricultural Census, the 1963 Agricultural Census was held in 1964/1965 and conducted by the Central Statistical Office, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Lands and Food Production. The 1982 Agricultural Census was the third agricultural census and was carried out during the period June 14 to August 31, The Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Finance and Planning undertook the exercise, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture. The 2004 Agricultural Census represented the fourth census of agriculture conducted in Trinidad and Tobago and was done in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources The 2014 Agricultural Census will represented the fifth census of agriculture conducted in Trinidad and Tobago and will be done in collaboration with the Ministry of Food Production and the THA.

14 STATUTORY AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT CENSUSES IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO In order to be able to function effectively, the census operations are supported by appropriate legislation. The legal authority to take a census in Trinidad and Tobago is governed by the Statistics Act, chapter 19:02 of the revised laws of Trinidad and Tobago However, in order to carry out the exercise, it is necessary to have a Census Order approved by Parliament and for regulations governing the conduct of the census to be issued for public comment. This allows all members of Parliament to scrutinize and comment on any aspect of the census programme and allows members of the public to object to any of the provisions of the census regulations. It should also be noted that Cabinet approval is necessary to establish the necessary planning apparatus, and the funds to carry out the census have to be allocated by way of the annual Budget, which is also subject to Parliamentary approval.

15 PUBLIC SECTOR INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (PSIP) The CSO in fulfilling its statistical mandate,implements several large development projects (statistical) under its PSIP which are fully funded by the Government. These include: (1) The Population and Housing Census (2) The Agricultural Census (3) The Household Budgetary Survey Other major PSIP projects to which the CSO provides technical advice and support include: (1) The Survey of Living Conditions (MPSD) (2) The Multiple Indicator Cluster Sample Survey (MPSD)

16 USES OF CENSUS DATA IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO To analyse and measure changes in the structural attributes of Agriculture over time To determine the structure and composition of the holder s household To construct frames for other types of agri censuses and sample surveys To facilitate an Integrated System of Food and Agriculture Statistics To provide benchmark data for improving current estimates of crop and livestock statistics To facilitate national development planning and policy formulation relating to Food and Agriculture Statistics : Medium-Term Policy Framework ( ) as well as the Ministry of Food Production Strategic Plan and Action Plan To monitor agriculture development projects.

17 USES OF CENSUS DATA IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO (SECTOR PLANNING) In terms of the MTPF ( ) one of the strategic priorities of the Government is Food Security and Agriculture Development As such, the medium term objectives are: (1) Reduce the food import bill by 10% annually; (2) Reduce the rate of food inflation and sustain it within single digit figures; (3) Create sustainable, long-term productive employment in the sector to support a national unemployment level that is under 7%; (4) Increase the sector's contribution to GDP to 3% by 2014; and (5) Create a food secure nation.

18 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE 1982 AND 2004 AGRICULTURAL CENSUSES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS The Concept of the Agricultural Household was introduced in the Questionnaire Design Data was analysed by Gender and published at the Community level Image Scanning Technology was Introduced (Cardiff Teleform Information Capture System) Census Questionnaire was Designed for Data to be Captured Electronically using Image Scanning Technology (OMR and OCR)

19 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE 1982 AND 2004 AGRICULTURAL CENSUSES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS The SPSS software package was used for the Generation of Tabulations. Utilised a Disc Publishing System for the mass Production of Compact Discs (CDs) and for the easier Dissemination of the Reports. Preliminary Report was disseminated within seven(7) months of completion of field work (September, 2004) Final Reports were disseminated within fifteen(15) months of completion of field work Project was completed within Budgeted Expenditures Excellent and Experienced Leadership at the top driving the implementation process (passion to succeed) Recommended as best practice by the FAO at the 23 rd Reunion del Grupo de Trabajo sobre Estadisticas Agropecuarias, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8 al 10 Noviembre de 2005.

20 Index Number Figure 1. Indices of Production (Base Yr: '99-'01=100) Agric ` Crops Livestock Year Source: FAOSTAT

21 2004 Agricultural Census Distribution of Agricultural Holders And Land Across Counties with Rates of Change No. of Holders Area (Hectares) % Distr. Of Holders % Change % Change Trinidad & Tobago Trinidad St. George Caroni Nariva / Mayaro St. Andrew/ St. David Victoria St. Patrick Tobago Avg. Annual % Change %

22 PLANNING FOR THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS Presently, pre-enumeration planning activities are being undertaken for the 2014 Agricultural Census by the Agriculture Statistics Division of the Central Statistical Office To be Implemented in May\June, 2014 in collaboration with the Ministry of Food Production (MoFP) and the Tobago House of Assembly (THA). Draft Census Proposal has been developed and is accompanied by: - Budget - Implementation Schedule - Organisational Chart - Logical Framework Matrix Draft Proposal will be finalized following consultation with the Ministry of Food Production, the Tobago House of Assembly (THA) and other key Stakeholders.

23 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS FRAME: Development of the 2014 The Agricultural Census Frame can be viewed within the context of an Integrated System of Censuses and Surveys Within the 2011 Population and Housing Questionnaire, the undermentioned labor force items relating to the agricultural holder will be used to develop the AC frame Main occupation Industry of main occupation Employment status in main occupation ( limitations noted) The questionnaire data will be combined with data from the Visitation Record or Pre-Listing Record In addtion, data from the MoFP Farmer s Registration Programme and other key Stakeholders would also be used to develop the Final List Frame of all Agricultural Holders for the country

24 CONFIDENTIAL f02.1/2010 Number of Persons Business Places Agricultural Holdings Total Number of Persons Male Female Business Unit No. Type of Business /Activity FOR OFFICE USE ONLY No. of Paid Employees No. of Holders Size of Parcel (Acreage) Principal Crop (Code) Main Livestock Kept REMARKS (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) Type (Code) No. TOTAL MAIN LIVESTOCK CODE: 1. Poultry - Specify in Remarks 5. Rabbit 2. Pig 6. Aquaculture (Fish farming) 3. Cattle 7. Apiculture (Bee-keeping) 4. Sheep & Goat 8. Other Specify in Remarks

25 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS INTRODUCTION OF NEW CONCEPT AND DATA ITEMS: Land: land clearance; soil degradation ; Water: irrigation according to land use type; method of irrigation; area of specific crops irrigated; source of water; payment terms for irrigation; other water management; Crops: end-use of crops; crop production; net cropped area; fertilizer use for each crop type; source of seed; type of seed; area of nurseries; Livestock: use of veterinary services; milking animals; livestock population dynamics; type of feed; Agricultural practices: use of agricultural chemicals ;good agricultural practices; organic farming; genetically modified crops; sales of agricultural produce; Agricultural services: credit; source of agricultural information; extension services; access to food markets ;

26 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS INTRODUCTION OF NEW CONCEPTS AND DATA ITEMS: Demographic and social characteristics: national/ethnic group; household structure ; Farm labour: activity status of household members, status in employment of household members; time worked by household members in main job and on the holding; form of payment for employees; use of agricultural service establishments; Household food security: an entirely new agricultural census theme; Aquaculture: type of site; production facility; type of water; sources of water; type of organism; Forestry: purpose of forest; agro-forestry; Management of the holding: a new theme altogether ( Sub-Holder and Sub- Holding)

27 METHODOLOGY OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS Complete Enumeration or Sampling Household food security Land Aquaculture Irrigation CENSUS CORE POPULATION CENSUS MODULE Themes Farm labour CENSUS SUPPLEMENTARY MODULES THEMATIC AGRICULTURAL SURVEYS Crops Agricultural practices Livestock SOURCE: FAO WORLD PROGRAMME FOR CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 2010

28 METHODOLOGY OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS The CSO is considering using the Modular Approach as Recommended by the WCA 2010 This approach consist of a Core and Supplementary Modules. The Core Census Module, is to be conducted on a complete enumeration basis and will provide a limited range of key structural items of importance for national policy-making, making international comparisons, constructing sampling frames, and analyzing data at detailed geographic or other levels. A list of 16 items is recommended for the core module as a minimum set of data for the agricultural census: (1) Identification and location of agricultural holding, (2) legal status of agricultural holder, (3) sex of agricultural holder, (4) age of agricultural holder, (5) household size, (6) main purpose of production, (7) area of holding according to land use types, (8) total area, (9) land tenure types, (10) presence of irrigation, (11) types of temporary crops, (12) types of permanent crops on the holding, (13) animal numbers by livestock type, (14) presence of aquaculture, (15) presence of forest and other wooded land, (16) other economic production activities.

29 METHODOLOGY OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS One or More Census Supplementary Modules These can be conducted on a sample basis at the same time as, or immediately after, the Core Census Module to provide more detailed structural data or data not required at lower administrative levels. The sample for the census supplementary modules will be selected based on sampling frames from the core census module. A list of 89 items have been suggested for consideration by countries for inclusion in the census supplementary modules. These 89 items are grouped under twelve census supplementary modules

30 METHODOLOGY OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS Twelve Census Supplementary Modules: (1) land (2) Irrigation and water management (3) crops, (4) livestock (5) agricultural practices (6) agricultural services (7) demographic and social characteristics (8) farm labour (9) household food security (10) aquaculture (11) forestry (12) management of the holding. One or more supplementary modules will be conducted according to the requirements of the country.

31 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS CLASSIFICATION AND SCOPE OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS: The scope of the 2014 agricultural census will cover the economic activities of Groups 011, 012 and 013 of the Industrial Standard of International Classification (ISIC) of Economic Activities Rev 3.1 (UN 2004b). These groups are: Group 011: Growing of crops; market gardening; horticulture. Group 012: Farming of Animals. Group 013: Growing of crops combined with farming of animals (mixed farming).

32 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS Planned Output: The specific uses and benefits of the 2014 Agricultural Census data will be complemented by a number of specific reports as key target deliverables. These deliverables include the following: 2014 Agricultural Census Preliminary Report (April, 2015) Agricultural Census Administrative Report (December 2015) Agricultural Census Community Report (December 2015) Agricultural Census Report for Trinidad and Tobago (December 2015) Agricultural Census Report for Tobago (December 2015) Agricultural Census Post Census Evaluation Report (December 2015) Production for Home Use Report (December 2015) Agricultural Census GIS Map Atlas (December 2015) Agricultural Census Database (December 2015)

33 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE 2014 AGRICULTURAL CENSUS THANK YOU