CAGGNI s DNA Special Interest Group

Transcription

1 CAGGNI s DNA Special Interest Group 10 Jan 2015 Al & Michelle Wilson Agenda Survey Basics in Fan Charts Recombination Exercise Triangulation Overview

2 Survey 1. Have you taken (or sponsored) a DNA test? 2. What kind of test? A. Y-DNA B. Mitochondrial DNA C. Autosomal DNA ( Family Finder, Cousin Finder, Ancestry.com since 2010) 3. What Testing Service? A. Family Tree DNA B. Ancestry.com C. 23andMe D. Genographic Project E. Other 4. Why did you take the DNA test? 5. Have you contacted any of your DNA matches? 6. Have you attempted any triangulation, 3 rd party tools, chromosome mapping, reconstruction of ancestral DNA, or management of a surname project? 7. What can I do with my results?

3 You and Your Ancestors you male female

4 Mitochondrial DNA mtdna Inheritance 16,569 bp

5 Y Chromosome DNA ydna Inheritance 58,000,000 bp 12 marker test, 37 marker test 67, 111, big Y

6 (Ideal) Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance 6,400,000,000 bps, test looks at 700,000 locations

7 Typical Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance

8 Ideal vs. Actual Autosomal DNA atdna or audna Inheritance Source - gcbias.org The Coop Lab

9 Pop Beads Nucleus Exercise!

10 Nuclear DNA & Autosomal Testing Nucleus Autosomal Chromosomes Pairs 1-22 A-T rich segments show up dark when Giemsa is applied. Sex Chromosomes 10

11 X Chromosome xdna Inheritance in a Male (1, 1 of 2, 2 of 4, 3 of 8, 5 of 16, 8 of 32, 13 of 64, 21 of 128.)

12 X Chromosome xdna Inheritance in a Female (1, 2 of 2, 3 of 4, 5 of 8, 8 of 16, 13 of 32, 21 of 64, 34 of 128.)

13 Comparing Y-DNA Results: Surname Projects

14 Finding Cousins with at-dna A Second Cousin Match has been found between you and Kathryn H Compare pedigrees use surname lists in their absence Dad 2 nd cousins should share a set of common Gr-Grandparents Kathryn 14

15 More Examples Viewer set to show segments of 5+ cm Length of match is measured in centimorgans (cm) 1 st cousins 2nd cousins 3rd cousins Person comparing to five 2 nd cousins who are siblings 15

16 Your mileage may vary! Centimorgan cm or Map Unit: The distance between chromosome positions for which the expected average crossovers in one generation is 1% Convert cm to % shared: add all shared segments over 5 and divide by % Theoretical % Actual, typ. Shared cm, Theo. Relationship Parent Sibling Grandparent, aunt or uncle, half-sibling, double first cousin Great-grandparent, first cousin, great-uncle/aunt, half-aunt/uncle, half-nephew/niece First cousin once removed, half first cousin Second cousin, first cousin twice removed Second cousin once removed, half second cousin Third cousin, second cousin twice removed Third cousin once removed Fourth cousin Fourth cousin once removed Fifth cousin Fifth cousin once removed 16

17 Autosomal Family Finder Tests Examines ~700,000 SNPs on the 22 autosomal chromosomes known to vary Persons with lots of identical adjacent SNP locations are likely relations Paper trails are needed to determine the specific relation start with best matches Long shared segments indicate common ancestors Finds matches within about 7 generations beyond the 5x gr-grandparent it is just identifying deep ancestry (same population) Results include Ethnic Percentages Relationship Actual cm segment % IBD % IBS Source: John Walden Suggested 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 1 st cousin 97% 3% 2 nd 5% 90% 5% 3 rd 10% 70% 30% 10% 5% 4 th 5% 10% 40% 30% 10% 5% 5th 5% 10% 30% 20% 10% 5% Source: Maurice Gleeson 17 17

18 Third Party Tools: DNAGedcom Autosomal DNA Segment Analyzer (ASDA)

19 Third Party Tools: GedMatch 1 to many tool

20 Third Party Tools: GedMatch 1 to 1 tool

21 Company Comparison Summary DNA Test Family Tree DNA Ancestry DNA 23andMe Y-DNA Offered Big-Y Surname Groups *** Mt-DNA Offered Full Sequence *** At-DNA Offered Chrom. Browser Family Trees Database size ** good huge * ** huge * You see your matches in the Chromosome Browser only if they invite you in. ** Gedcom upload only. Not fully featured. *** mt-dna and Y-DNA haplogroups reported with the At-DNA test

22 Testing Companies and 3 rd Party Tools Ancestry DNA: FT DNA: 23andMe: ISOGG: DNAGedCom: DNAGedMatch:

23 Blogs & Sites Michelle has found useful Kitty Cooper Kitty Cooper s Blog CeCe Moore Your Genetic Genealogist Blaine Bettinger The Genetic Genealogist Roberta Estes DNA Explained Graham Coop Coop Labs (UC Davis) Dieneke s Anthropology Blog And of course The ISOGG Wiki And Wikipedia!