Technological Design Mr. Wadowski. Orthographic & Isometric Drawing Lesson
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1 Technological Design Mr. Wadowski Orthographic & Isometric Drawing Lesson
2 TOPICS Working Drawings, Isometric Drawings & Orthographic Drawings Glass box concept Multiview projection Orthographic projection of point, line, plane, surface and object. Line convention (The meaning of lines in Orthographic Drawings)
3 TOPICS (continued) Working Drawings Scaled Drawings Dimensioning Drawing with a Miter Line Practice Worksheets
4 Working Drawings The final stage of illustrating your solution is to prepare a set of technical illustrations called Working Drawings. This set of drawings contains all the information needed to build the product.
5 Orthographic Drawings Used to show details of the front, top and right side views Uses 3 views Used to provide dimensions and special shapes by using different line types. For example object, hidden, and center lines. Draw the front first, top second, and right side last Space the views out equally at 40 mm A miter line is used to project details of the object from the top view to the right side view without measuring. Drawn at 45 degrees.
6 ISOMETRIC Drawings Three dimensional (3d) You can see how all three views fit together All horizontal lines are angled at 30 degrees and vertical lines remain vertical Hidden lines and dimensioning are not shown on Isometric drawings
7 Orthographic and Isometric
8 Height Depth MULTIVIEW PROJECTION Three principle dimensions of an object can be presented only two in each view. Height Adjacent view(s) is needed to fulfill the size description. Width Depth Width Depth
9 TO OBTAIN MULTIVIEW REPRESENTATION OF AN OBJECT 1. Revolve the object with respect to observer. 2. The observer moves around the object.
10 REVOLVE THE OBJECT Top view Front view Right side view
11 OBSERVER MOVE AROUND Top view Front view Right side view
12 THE GLASS BOX CONCEPT Rear view Left side view Bottom view
13 Depth History Width Height
14 Orthographic Projection of Object Features
15 OBJECT FEATURES Edges Corners are lines that represent the boundary between two faces. Represent the intersection of two or more edges. Edge Edge No edge Corner No corner No corner
16 OBJECT FEATURES Surfaces Limiting element are areas that are bounded by edges or limiting element. is a line that represents the last visible part of the curve surface. Surface Surface Surface Limit Limit
17 PROJECTION OF LINE True length B T A T B T Equal length B A T A B R A F B F A R A F B F A R B R Point True length NORMAL LINE
18 PROJECTION OF LINE True length B T A T B T A B A T Equal length A F A B R B F A R A F B F A R B R Foreshortened Foreshortened INCLINED LINE
19 PROJECTION OF LINE Foreshortened B T A T B B T B F B R Equal length A T A B B F B R A F A A R A F A R Foreshortened Foreshortened OBLIQUED LINE
20 PROJECTION OF PLANE True size B T C T C T B A T C B T A T Equal length B F A C R A F,C F A R,B R B F A F,C F A R,B R C R Edge Edge NORMAL PLANE
21 PROJECTION OF PLANE Foreshortened C T B T C T A T C Equal length C F B C C R B T A T B F A C F C R A F A R,B R Foreshortened Edge B F A F A R,B R INCLINED PLANE
22 PROJECTION OF OBJECT The views are obtained by projecting all object features to the picture plane. You have to project the remaining surfaces which are invisible too!
23 PROJECTION OF OBJECT s s s
24 PROJECTION OF OBJECT
25 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
26 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
27 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
28 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
29 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
30 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
31 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
32 PROJECTION OF TOP VIEW
33 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
34 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
35 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
36 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
37 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
38 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
39 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
40 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
41 PROJECTION OF FRONT VIEW
42 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
43 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
44 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
45 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
46 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
47 PROJECTION OF RIGHT VIEW
48 Line Convention The meaning of lines
49 LINE CONVENTION The meaning of lines Precedence of coincide lines Hidden line drawing Center line drawing
50 THE MEANING OF LINES Object Lines
51 THE MEANING OF LINES Hidden Lines
52 THE MEANING OF LINES Center Lines Thin lines made up
53 THE MEANING OF LINES Dimension Lines
54 THE MEANING OF LINES Extension Lines
55 PRECEDENCE OF LINE Order of importance Visible line Hidden line Center line
56 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL LINES Hidden Lines
57 ARCHITECTURAL LINES Other Lines
58 OBJECT and HIDDEN LINE EXAMPLE
59 OBJECT, HIDDEN and CENTER LINE EXAMPLE Draw front view first
60 OBJECT, HIDDEN and CENTER LINE EXAMPLE Draw top view second
61 OBJECT, HIDDEN and CENTER LINE EXAMPLE Draw right side view last
62 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE Hidden line should join a visible line, except it extended from the visible line. Leave space Join Correct No!
63 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE Hidden line should join a visible line, except it extended from the visible line. Leave space Leave space Correct No!
64 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE Hidden line should intersect to form L and T corners. L T Correct No!
65 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE Hidden arcs should start on a center line.
66 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
67 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
68 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
69 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
70 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
71 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
72 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
73 HIDDEN LINE PRACTICE
74 CENTER LINE PRACTICE In circular view, short dash should cross at the intersections of center line. For small hole, center line is presented as thin continuous line. Center line should not extend between views. Leave space Leave space
75 CENTER LINE PRACTICE Leave the gap when centerline forms a continuation with a visible or hidden line Center line should always start and end with long dash. Leave space Leave space Leave space Leave space
76 DRAWING USING A MITER LINE
77 DRAWING USING A MITER LINE
78 DRAWING USING A MITER LINE
79 SCALED DRAWINGS Objects must be scaled to fit onto a piece of drawing paper They are exact in every detail but reduced or enlarged in size in direct proportion to the actual object Scale 1:1 1 mm on drawing paper = represents 1mm of the actual object
80 SCALED DRAWINGS Many objects are too large to be drawn to their full size. For example an airplane and house. Divide /
81 SCALED DRAWINGS Often it is necessary to produce drawings larger than full size Details of small objects are clearer and easier to dimension when they are drawn larger then their actual size Multiply X
82 TITLE BLOCK A title block is a portion of a drawing that is set aside to give important information about the drawing. The drafter, the scale, the units, and your name You must frame your drawing to make it look professional. Draw a 1 cm border and a 1 cm high area for your title block A title block template can be found on the shared drive. Ask your teacher.
83 TITLE BLOCK TEMPLATE
84 DIMENSIONING DRAWINGS
85 DIMENSIONING DRAWINGS
86 DIMENSIONING DRAWINGS Ask your teacher for a list of dimensioning Rules Dimensioning lines must follow these rules
87 THE STAGE IS SET FOR YOU TO BECOME AN EXPERT TECHNICAL DRAWER Practice drawing worksheets can be found on the shared drive
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