AutoCAD. Intermediate Volume 1 Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC) A August 2007

Transcription

1 AutoCAD 2008 Intermediate Volume 1 Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC) A August 2007

2 Copyright 2007 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose. Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. ACIS Copyright Spatial Corp. Copyright The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved. This product includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation ( subject to its license terms and conditions ( LICENSE.txt). Typefaces from the Bitstream typeface library Copyright HLM Copyright D-Cubed Ltd HLM is a trademark of D-Cubed Ltd. AutoCAD 2008 and AutoCAD LT 2008 are produced under a license of data derived from DIC Color Guide from Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. Copyright Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. All rights reserved. DIC and DIC Color Guide are registered trademarks of Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. Portions of this software are based on the work of the Independent JPEG Group. Active Delivery Inner Media, Inc. All rights reserved. ISYS and the ISYS logo are registered trademarks or trademarks of ISYS Search Software Inc. Copyright Sam Leffler. Copyright Silicon Graphics, Inc. Copyright Lingea s.r.o The New Features Workshop contains Macromedia Flash Player software by Macromedia, Inc. Copyright Macromedia, Inc. All rights reserved. Macromedia and Flash are registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States or other countries. Copyright Macrovision Corporation. All rights reserved. Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Copyright 2002 Joseph M. O Leary. PANTONE Colors displayed in the software application or in the user documentation may not match PANTONE-identified standards. Consult current PANTONE Color Publications for accurate color. PANTONE and other Pantone, Inc. trademarks are the property of Pantone, Inc. Pantone, Inc., Pantone, Inc. is the copyright owner of color data and/or software which are licensed to Autodesk, Inc., to distribute for use only in combination with certain Autodesk software products. PANTONE Color Data and/or Software shall not be copied onto another disk or into memory unless as part of the execution of this Autodesk software product. Typefaces from Payne Loving Trust 1992, All rights reserved. RAL DESIGN RAL, Sankt Augustin, RAL CLASSIC RAL, Sankt Augustin, Representation of the RAL Colors is done with the approval of RAL Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung e.v. (RAL German Institute for Quality Assurance and Certification, re. Assoc.), D Sankt Augustin. This product includes code licensed from RSA Security, Inc. Some portions licensed from IBM are available at The Sentry Spelling-Checker Engine Copyright Wintertree Software, Inc. Portions of this product include one or more Boost libraries. Use of the Boost libraries is subject to its license agreement

3 Trademarks The following are registered trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., in the USA and other countries: 3DEC (design/logo), 3December, 3December.com, 3ds Max, ActiveShapes, Actrix, ADI, Alias, Alias (swirl design/logo), AliasStudio, Alias Wavefront (design/ logo), ATC, AUGI, AutoCAD, AutoCAD Learning Assistance, AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD Simulator, AutoCAD SQL Extension, AutoCAD SQL Interface, Autodesk, Autodesk Envision, Autodesk Insight, Autodesk Intent, Autodesk Inventor, Autodesk Map, Autodesk MapGuide, Autodesk Streamline, AutoLISP, AutoSnap, AutoSketch, AutoTrack, Backdraft, Built with ObjectARX (logo), Burn, Buzzsaw, CAiCE, Can You Imagine, Character Studio, Cinestream, Civil 3D, Cleaner, Cleaner Central, ClearScale, Colour Warper, Combustion, Communication Specification, Constructware, Content Explorer, Create>what s>next> (design/logo), Dancing Baby (image), DesignCenter, Design Doctor, Designer s Toolkit, DesignKids, DesignProf, DesignServer, DesignStudio, Design Studio (design/logo), Design Your World, Design Your World (design/logo), DWF, DWG, DWG (logo), DWG TrueConvert, DWG TrueView, DXF, EditDV, Education by Design, Extending the Design Team, FBX, Filmbox, FMDesktop, Freewheel, GDX Driver, Gmax, Heads-up Design, Heidi, HOOPS, HumanIK, i-drop, imout, Incinerator, IntroDV, Inventor, Inventor LT, Kaydara, Kaydara (design/logo), LocationLogic, Lustre, Maya, Mechanical Desktop, MotionBuilder, ObjectARX, ObjectDBX, Open Reality, PolarSnap, PortfolioWall, Powered with Autodesk Technology, Productstream, ProjectPoint, Reactor, RealDWG, Real-time Roto, Render Queue, Revit, Showcase, SketchBook, StudioTools, Topobase, Toxik, Visual, Visual Bridge, Visual Construction, Visual Drainage, Visual Hydro, Visual Landscape, Visual Roads, Visual Survey, Visual Syllabus, Visual Toolbox, Visual Tugboat, Visual LISP, Voice Reality, Volo, and Wiretap. The following are registered trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk Canada Co. in the USA and/or Canada and other countries: Backburner, Discreet, Fire, Flame, Flint, Frost, Inferno, Multi-Master Editing, River, Smoke, Sparks, Stone, Wire. All other brand names, product names, or trademarks belong to their respective holders. Disclaimer THIS PUBLICATION AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS MADE AVAILABLE BY AUTODESK, INC. AS IS. AUTODESK, INC. DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THESE MATERIALS. Published by: Autodesk, Inc. 111 Mclnnis Parkway San Rafael, CA 94903, USA

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5 Contents Volume 1 Introduction xv Chapter 1: Drawing Objects Lesson: Creating and Editing Multilines Overview About Multiline Objects About Multiline Styles Multiline Command Creating Multiline Objects Editing Multiline Objects Exercise: Create and Edit Multilines Lesson: Creating Revision Clouds Overview Revision Cloud Command Options Creating Revision Clouds Exercise: Create Revision Clouds Lesson: Creating Wipeout Objects Overview Wipeout Command Options Creating Wipeout Objects Exercise: Create a Wipeout Object Lesson: Creating Boundaries Overview Boundary Creation Dialog Box Creating Boundaries Exercise: Create Boundaries Lesson: Creating Regions Overview About Regions About Boolean Commands Creating Regions Exercise: Create Regions Chapter Summary v

6 Chapter 2: Manipulating Objects and Data Lesson: Selecting Objects with Quick Select Overview Quick Select Command Using Quick Select Exercise: Use Quick Select Lesson: Purging Objects Overview About Named Objects Purge Command Purging Drawing Objects Exercise: Purge Objects from a Drawing Lesson: Working with Point Objects Overview About Point Objects Creating Points Exercise: Create Points Lesson: Dividing and Measuring Objects Overview Dividing Objects Measuring Objects Exercise: Divide and Measure Objects Lesson: Using QuickCalc for Performing Calculations Overview QuickCalc Calculator Performing Calculations by Using QuickCalc Exercise: Use QuickCalc to Adjust Perforated Area Chapter Summary Chapter 3: Template Drawing Creation Lesson: Creating Drawing Templates Overview About Drawing Templates Drawing Template Options Creating Drawing Templates Exercise: Create a Drawing Template Chapter Summary Chapter 4: Dimensioning and Annotation Lesson: Introduction to Annotation Scaling Overview About Annotation Scaling Using Annotation Scaling in a New Drawing Updating Existing Drawings for Annotation Scaling Exercise: Use Annotation Scaling Exercise: Update an Existing Drawing to Use Annotation Scaling vi Contents

7 Lesson: Controlling Annotation Scale Overview Annotative Styles Using Annotative Scale Object Property Using Viewport and Annotation Scales Working with Annotation Scale Representations Using Visual Fidelity Control Exercise: Control Annotation Scaling Lesson: Working with Text Overview About Text Dashboard About Paragraph Formatting Creating Paragraph Formatting Column Text About Spell Checking Creating Multiline Attributes Exercise: Work with Multiline Text Lesson: Using Multileaders Overview About Multileaders About Multileader Styles Using Multileaders Exercise: Use Multileaders Lesson: Dimensioning Overview About Inspection Dimensions Creating Jogged Linear Dimensions Spacing Dimensions Uniformly Breaking Dimensions Dimension Options Exercise: Create and Edit Dimensions Lesson: Creating Center Marks Overview Center Mark Command Creating Center Marks Exercise: Create Center Marks Lesson: Creating Ordinate Dimensions Overview Ordinate Dimension Command Creating Ordinate Dimensions Exercise: Create Ordinate Dimensions Lesson: Creating Geometric Dimensions and Tolerances Overview About Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerances Creating Tolerances Exercise: Add Dimension Tolerances and Feature Control Frames Contents vii

8 Lesson: Working with Dimension Substyles and Overrides Overview About Dimension Substyles and Overrides Creating Dimension Substyles and Style Overrides Exercise: Create Dimension Substyles and Overrides Chapter Summary Chapter 5: Reusable Content Lesson: Using DesignCenter Overview DesignCenter Using the DesignCenter Exercise: Use DesignCenter Lesson: Creating Custom Tool Palettes Overview About Tool Palettes Tool Palette Options About Command Tools About Content Tools Creating Custom Tool Palettes Exercise: Create a New Tool Palette with Custom Tools Lesson: Organizing Tool Palettes Overview About Tool Palette Groups Creating and Activating Tool Palette Groups Exercise: Create and Activate a Custom Palette Group Lesson: Sharing Tool Palettes Overview Sharing Tool Palettes Working with Tool Palette Files on Networks Exercise: Share Tool Palettes Lesson: Using External References Overview About External References External References Palette Creating Xrefs Exercise: Work with Xrefs Lesson: Managing External References Overview Advanced Xref Options Editing Xrefs Clipping Xrefs Exercise: Edit, Bind, and Clip Xrefs viii Contents

9 Lesson: Referencing Non-Native File Types Overview About Non-Native File Type References Working with DGN Files Referencing DWF Files Importing Raster, Word, and Excel Files Exercise: Import a Raster File Chapter Summary Chapter 6: Blocks and Attributes Lesson: Working with Blocks Overview About Blocks Creating Blocks Inserting Blocks Editing Blocks Exercise: Create Blocks Lesson: Creating Attributes Overview About Attributes Attribute Definition Dialog Box Creating and Adding Attributes to Blocks Exercise: Create Attributes Lesson: Editing Attributes Overview Tools for Editing Attributes Advanced Attribute Properties Exercise: Edit Attributes Chapter Summary Volume 2 Chapter 7: Dynamic Blocks Lesson: Using Dynamic Blocks Overview About Dynamic Blocks Block Editor Environment Using the Block Editor Exercise: Use Dynamic Blocks Exercise: Use the Block Editor Environment Lesson: Adding Parameters to Dynamic Blocks Overview About Parameters Adding Parameters Exercise: Add Parameters to a Dynamic Block Contents ix

10 Lesson: Adding Actions to Dynamic Blocks Overview About Actions Associating Actions and Parameters Exercise: Add Actions to a Dynamic Block Lesson: Using Parameter Sets Overview About Parameter Sets Using Parameter Sets Exercise: Use Parameter Sets on Dynamic Blocks Lesson: Creating Dynamic Blocks Overview Exercise: Create a Wall Sink Dynamic Block Exercise: Create a Dynamic Diverter Valve Exercise: Create a Dynamic Block of a Door Chapter Summary Chapter 8: Layer Management and Best Practices Lesson: Working with Layer Filters Overview About Layer Filters Working with Layer Filters Exercise: Create Layer Filters Lesson: Using the Layer States Manager Overview About Layer States Layer States Manager Exercise: Use Layer States Lesson: Using Layer Standards Overview About Layer Standards About Unreconciled Layers Exercise: Use Layer Standards Chapter Summary Chapter 9: Layouts and Views Lesson: Creating Layouts Overview About Layouts Creating Simple Layouts with Default Values Creating Layouts from Templates Copying an Existing Layout Creating Layouts Using DesignCenter Exercise: Create Layouts x Contents

11 Lesson: Modifying Layouts and Using Page Setups Overview Renaming Layouts Deleting Layouts Moving Layouts Creating Named Page Setups Importing Named Page Setups Exercise: Work with Layouts and Page Setups Lesson: Creating Layout Viewports Overview About Layout Viewports Creating Rectangular Layout Viewports Creating Polygonal Layout Viewports Converting Objects to Viewports Clipping Existing Viewports Exercise: Create Layout Viewports Lesson: Working with Layout Viewports Overview Activation of Layout Viewports Layout Viewport Properties Scaling Annotative Objects in Viewports Locking Layout Viewports Maximizing a Layout Viewport Exercise: Work with Viewports Lesson: Controlling Object Visibility in Layout Viewports Overview Layer Properties Per Viewport Freezing and Thawing Layers Per Viewport Overriding Layer Properties in Viewports Exercise: Control Object Visibility Per Layout Viewport Chapter Summary Chapter 10: Plotting Lesson: Working with Plotter Configuration Files Overview About Plotter Configuration Files Creating Plotter Configuration Files for System Printers Creating Plotter Configuration Files for HDI Driver Devices Exercise: Create Plotter Configuration Files Exercise: Configure a Plotter by Using an HDI Driver Lesson: Creating and Applying Plot Style Tables Overview About Plot Style Tables Creating Plot Style Tables Exercise: Create and Apply Plot Style Tables Contents xi

12 Lesson: Publishing Drawings Overview About DWF Files Publish Command Publishing Drawings Exercise: Publish Drawings Chapter Summary Chapter 11: Introduction to Sheet Sets Lesson: Creating Sheet Sets Overview About Sheet Sets Creating Sheet Sets Sheet Set Manager Exercise: Create a Sheet Set Lesson: Working with Sheet Sets Overview Sheet Set Structure Modifying Sheet Sets Exercise: Work with a Sheet Set Lesson: Setting Sheet Set Properties Overview Sheet Set Properties Dialog Box Exercise: Edit Sheet Set Properties Lesson: Using Fields in Sheet Sets Overview About Fields in Sheetsets Creating Plot Stamps Exercise: Use Fields in a Sheet Set Lesson: Using Attributes in Sheet Sets Overview Attributes in Sheet Sets Adding Sheet Set Fields to Title Blocks Automating Label and Callout Data Exercise: Use Attributes in a Sheet Set Lesson: Publishing, Transmitting, and Archiving Sheet Sets Overview Sheet List Tables Sheet Set Publishing Options Tools for Creating Drawing Transmittals Tools for Archiving Sheet Sets Exercise: Publish, Transmit, and Archive Sheet Sets Chapter Summary xii Contents

13 Chapter 12: Working with Tables Lesson: Working with Table Styles Overview About Table Styles Creating Table Styles Activating and Assigning Table Styles Exercise: Create a Table Style Lesson: Creating and Editing Tables Overview Creating Tables and Entering Data Editing Table and Cells Editing Table and Cell Properties Exercise: Create a Dimension Table Lesson: Creating Advanced Tables Overview Using Formulas in Tables About Field-Enabled Text Using Fields in Tables Using Blocks in Tables Exercise: Use Advanced Table Contents Lesson: Extracting Attributes to Tables Overview Data Extraction Wizard Creating Data Extraction Tables Exercise: Extract Attributes Lesson: Exporting and Importing Tables Overview Exporting Tables Importing Tables Exercise: Import and Export Tables Lesson: Creating Tables Linked to External Data Overview About Tables and External Data Source Creating a Data Link to External Tables Exercise: Use Live Tables Chapter Summary Chapter 13: Designing in 3D Lesson: Working with 3D Models Overview About 3D Models About Navigation and Display of 3D Models Creating a User Coordinate System Orbiting a 3D Model Display Modes Setting Viewport Display Exercise: Work with 3D Models Contents xiii

14 Lesson: Creating 3D Models from 2D Profiles Overview About 3D Models Created from 2D Profiles Using Planar Surface Command Using Polysolid Command Using Extrude Command Using Revolve Command Exercise: Create 3D Models from 2D Profiles Chapter Summary Appendix A: Additional Support and Resources Courseware from Autodesk Autodesk Services & Support Autodesk Subscription Autodesk Consulting Autodesk Partners Autodesk Authorized Training Centers Autodesk Certification Useful Links xiv Contents

15 Introduction Welcome to the AutoCAD 2008: Intermediate Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC), training courseware for use in Authorized Training Center (ATC ) locations, corporate training settings, and other classroom settings. Although this courseware is designed for instructor-led courses, you can also use it for self-paced learning. The courseware encourages self-learning through the use of the AutoCAD Help system. This courseware is designed for the experienced AutoCAD user who requires additional training. It incorporates the features, commands, and techniques for becoming more productive when creating, annotating, and printing drawings with AutoCAD This intermediate-level course continues to build on the basic concepts of the AutoCAD 2008 Essentials course. This introduction covers the following topics: Course objectives Prerequisites Using this courseware Default installation CD contents Completing the exercises Installing the exercise data files from the CD Imperial and metric datasets Notes, tips, and warnings Feedback This courseware is complementary to the software documentation. For detailed explanations of features and functionality, refer to the Help in the software. Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to: Create and edit multiline styles and multiline objects, create revision clouds using the Revcloud command, use the Wipeout command to mask areas of a drawing, create a region with the Boundary and Region commands and the Boolean commands to edit them. Use Quick Select to select objects in the drawing, Purge to remove unreferenced named objects from the drawing, use point objects to reference geometry for object snaps and relative offsets, use the Divide and Measure commands to place point objects or blocks along an object in a drawing, use QuickCalc for performing calculations in a drawing. xv

16 Create a drawing template and describe how drawing templates can be used to save time and provide uniformity across drawings. Create and use annotation scales with annotative objects, create leaders using Multileaders, place center marks on your drawings, create ordinate dimensions, apply tolerances to dimensions and create feature control frames for geometric tolerances, create, manage, and compare dimension styles, substyle, and overrides. Use DesignCenter to organize and use objects from existing drawings in your current drawing. Create, organize and share tool palettes to maintain company standards and improve productivity within the organization. Create, use and manage xrefs to establish dynamic links for drawing data from external drawing sources. Learn how to reference non-dwg data in your drawings. Describe, create, use, and edit blocks. Describe the use of attributes and create them using the Attribute Definition command. Edit attributes and use the Attribute Extraction wizard to extract attribute information. Create and use dynamic blocks to increase productivity. Add actions and parameters to dynamic blocks. Create and use custom layer filters to manage layers, set the Layer States Manager to save, restore, export, and import layer states. Design and implement layer standards across an organization. Create new layouts, copy layouts, and import layouts from other files. Modify layouts by renaming, deleting, and moving them. Create and share named page setups, create layout viewports of different shapes using a variety of methods. Scale and lock viewports, turn off model space display in a viewport, and maximize a viewport. Control the display of model space geometry and control annotation scales in layout viewports on a viewport-by-viewport basis. Access and create plotter configuration files, access and create plot style tables, and use the Publish command to publish your design data. Create a new sheet set using both an example sheet set and existing drawings. Restructure, add, remove, renumber and rename elements in the sheet set. Create and edit sheet set properties, add sheet-set specific field functionality to attributes in drawing objects and use the Sheet Set Manager to publish, transmit, and archive sheet sets. Create and use table styles to control the appearance of tables; create and edit tables to included advanced table cell contents such as formulas and field-enabled text; extract attributes in the drawing to create schedules; use DesignCenter and Tool Palettes to reuse tables and table styles across multiple drawings. Create tables dynamically linked to Excel spreadsheets. Navigate around drawings of 3D models using 3D orbit and using views. Create a user coordinate system, identify various display modes, and set the display of viewports. Create basic 3D models from 2D entities. Prerequisites It is recommended that students have a working knowledge of: The current or a previous release of AutoCAD. Creating and editing basic AutoCAD objects, or completion of the AutoCAD 2008: Essentials course. Microsoft Windows 2000 or Microsoft Windows XP. xvi Introduction

17 Using This Courseware The lessons are independent of each other. However, it is recommended that you complete these lessons in the order that they are presented unless you are familiar with the concepts and functionality described in those lessons. Each chapter contains: Lessons Usually two or more lessons in each chapter. Exercises Practical, real-world examples for you to practice using the functionality you have just learned. Each exercise contains step-by-step procedures and graphics to help you complete the exercise successfully. Default Installation The information in this course is presented in such a way that it is assumed you have installed AutoCAD using the default installation parameters. You should be using the 2D Drafting & Annotation workspace as your active workspace throughout most of the course. You will use the 3D Modeling workspace to complete Chapter 13. CD Contents The CD attached to the back cover of this book contains all the data and drawings you need to complete the exercises in this course. Completing the Exercises You can complete the exercise in two ways: using the book or the onscreen version. Using the book Follow the step-by-step exercises in the book. On screen Click the AutoCAD 2008 Intermediate AOTC icon on your desktop, installed from the CD, and follow the step-by-step exercises on screen. The onscreen exercises are the same as those in the book. The onscreen version has the advantage that you can concentrate on the screen without having to glance down at your book. Introduction xvii

18 After launching the onscreen exercises, you might need to alter the size of your application window to align both windows. Installing the Exercise Data Files from the CD To install the data files for the exercises: 1. Insert the courseware CD. 2. When the setup wizard begins, follow the instructions on screen to install the data. 3. If the wizard does not start automatically, browse to the root directory of the CD and double-click Setup.exe. Unless you specify a different folder, the exercise files are installed in the following folder: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Autodesk Learning\AutoCAD 2008\Intermediate. This folder is installed as the Autodesk Learning shortcut on the desktop. After you install the data from the CD, this folder contains all the files necessary to complete each exercise in this course. Imperial and Metric Datasets In exercises that specify units of measurement, alternative files are provided as shown in the following example: Open i_stair_settings.dwg (imperial) or m_stair_settings.dwg (metric). In the exercise steps, the imperial value is followed by the metric value in parentheses as shown in the following example: For Length, enter 13'2" (4038 mm). xviii Introduction

19 For exercises with no specific units of measurement, files are provided as shown in the following example: Open c_stair_settings.dwg (common). In the exercise steps, the unitless value is specified as shown in the following example: For Length, enter 400. Notes, Tips, and Warnings Throughout this courseware, notes, tips, and warnings are called out for special attention. Notes contain guidelines, constraints, and other explanatory information. Tips provide information to enhance your productivity. Warnings provide information about actions that might result in the loss of data, system failures, or other serious consequences. Feedback We always welcome feedback on Autodesk Official Training Courseware. After completing this course, if you have suggestions for improvements or if you want to report an error in the book or on the CD, please send your comments to Introduction xix

20 xx Introduction