property is the characteristic of atactic vinyl polymers.

Transcription

1 DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH FOR AN ACRYLIC CONTINUOUS FILAMENT (II) DRAWING AND PROPERTIES OF DRAWN FILAMENT AND FABRIC WOVEN OF IT By Kazuo Koyano*, Eiji Osawa** and Seiichi Inoue (Test Plant, Teijin Acrylic Co., Iwakuni, City Yamaguchi Prefecture Japan) *(Present Adress : Fiber and Textile Research Institute, Teijin Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan) **(Present Adress : Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto Univ., Kyoto, Japan) Using the acrylic continuous filaments prepared by the dry spinning process as described in the previous report (I), cantilever drawing and drawing in steam and by a hot plate were done. Some physical properties of the drawn filaments were measured, also taffeta was woven of the drawn filaments. The acrylic continuous filaments were compared with other kinds of filaments. It has been found that: 1. In the stress-strain curves of the cantilever drawing, the region in which drawing tension remains constant is relatively narrow. So, the drawing must be uniform, and the non-uniform drawing accompanied by necking hardly occurs. The tension of drawing under usual condition is lower than those for polyamide and poly (ethylene terephthalate) by one order, and nearly equal to that for poly (vinyl chloride). It is considered that the drawing behavior of polyacrylonitrile is characteristic of atactic vinyl polymers. 2. It is possible to draw acrylic continuous filaments in steam at the high speed of 600 m/min, but at the speed of only 100 m/min by a hot plate. It is practically of a hot pin. impossible to draw by means 3. The filament drawn in steam has higher strength and lower elongation. It is a high orient ation type, having higher value of shrinkage in boiling water, lower velocity of dyeing and lower number of twist. On the other hand, the filament drawn by a hot plate has lower strength and higher elongation. It is a low orientation type, having the same velocity of dyeing as that of the staple fibre. Although in the drawing by a hot plate both the temperature of heat treatment and the contraction during heat treatment are much larger than those of drawing in steam, the shrin kage in boiling water still survives, indicating poorness of heat-setting property. It may be considered that the poorness of heat-setting property is the characteristic of atactic vinyl polymers. 4. The stress-strain curve of the drawn acrylic continuous filament lies between those of poly (ethylene terephthalate), nylon and rayon, acetate. 5. Compared with taffetas woven of various filaments, the taffeta of acrylic continuous filament is situated between poly (ethylene terephthalate), nylon and rayon, acetate in strengths and wash and wear property. However, it is distinctively the most excellent in touch and the silkiest of these man-made filaments. In addition to this, crepes are easily woven of acrylic hard twist continuous filament yarn. This is the property poly (ethylene terephthalate) filament does not have

2 485 Further, dyed with cationic dye, acrylic filament is superior; to poly (ethylene terephthalate) and nylon filament in brightness of color. conclusion : Acrylic continuous filament is the most aesthetical synthetic fibre. (Received February 28, 1966) Table 1. Factors and levels taken up in the steam drawing Fig. 1. The drawer. Fig. 2. The hot plate drawer.

3 486 SEN-I GAKKAISHI (8) Table 2. Lay out of the 313 type experiment for steam drawing and data Table 3. Factors and levels taken up in the hot plate drawing

4 (9) Vol. 22, No. 11 (1966) 487 Table 4. Lay out of the 313 type experiment for hot plate drawing and data

5 Fig. 3. Tension of cantilever drawing against draw ratio. Fig. 4. Results of steam drawing : Fiber properties against (a) draw ratio, (b) temperature of pre-heating, (c) steam pressure for drawing, (d) contraction before winding, (e ) temperature of heat treatment.

6 Table 5. Comparison of steam drawing with hot plate drawing Table 6. Results of testing of fabrics made of various filaments Fig. 5. Results of hot plate drawing: Fiber prope rties against (a) temperature of heat treat ment, (b) contraction during heat treatment, (c) draw ratio.

7 Fig. 6. Stress-strain curves of filaments.

8 3) H. Schonefeld ; Deut. Textiltech., 9, 258(1959). 4) JIS L , JIS L ) Technical Manual of the American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists, Vol. 40, Method No. 88 A-1964 T (1964). 6) H. Yumoto ; Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 29, 141 (1956). 7) I. Marshall, A. B. Thompson ; Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A 221, 541 (1954) 9) F. H. Muller : Kolloid-Z., 126, 65 (1952).