LONGITUDINAL PROFILE COMPLETION

Transcription

1 LONGITUDINAL PROFILE COMPLETION Vertical alignment of the ditch bottom determine using cross-sections plot (refer to fig. 0630) according to the chainage direction: ditch bottom on right side... dotted line ditch bottom on left side... dashed line both ditch bottoms... dot-and-dashed line fig (longitudinal profile types of lines used for marking of vertical alignment of the ditch bottoms) drawing process (result in fig. 0660): determine ditch bottom elevations (if there is no ditch, use elevation of intersection of embankment slope with the original terrain) from the crosssections an example in fig L... left side in the direction of chainage R... right side in the direction of chainage D... ditch bottom (only in the cutting) or the intersection of embankment slope with the original terrain S... intersection of cutting slope with the original terrain

2 fig (determining of ditch bottom elevations in the cutting or in the intersections of soil slopes with the original terrain from the cross-sections) draw the D points in locations of the cross-sections in the longitudinal profile (according to fig. 0640) an example in fig. 0650

3 point... ditch bottom elevation (only in cutting) point... elevation of intersection of the embankment slope with the original terrain combination... the same elevation on both sides (ditch bottom elevation = elevation of intersection of embankment slope with the original terrain) fig (drawing of points showing ditch bottom elevations or elevations of intersections of embankment slopes with the original terrain) provisionally (green = by pencil ) connect separately points corresponding left and right side fig connect 2 consecutive points on the same side of the road by red colour (type of the line corresponds to the left or right side according to fig. 0630) an example in fig. 0650

4 both 2 outside points have the same elevation on both sides (left + right) of the road doublesided ditch according to fig (otherwise not!!!) section between outside points + line is drawn in red only in the half of the section closer to the point (solve for left and right side separately fig. 0650) fig (longitudinal profile plotting ditch bottom)

5 Culverts design in places complying following conditions: road crosses watercourse (maximum deviation from the centre line perpendicular is 30 an example in fig. 0090) one of the ditch bottoms descends from both sides to one point (it must not occur in both ditches in one point at the same time!!!) refer to fig culvert diameter is designed according to its length and longitudinal gradient (refer to the table in fig. 0670) determine length and longitudinal gradient of the ditch bottom using the corresponding cross-section (fig. 0671): between ditch bottoms on both sides alternatively between ditch bottom on one side and embankment slope toe on the other side do not draw the culvert into the cross-section fig (table for determining the culver diameter)

6 fig (example of inclined culvert in a cross-section) if the culvert longitudinal gradient is not within the interval 0,5 ~ 5,0 %, it is necessary to (for the purpose of the exercise) sink the culvert outlet on the suitable side draw it into the longitudinal profile (including the table) according to fig fig (longitudinal profile culvert plotting)

7 Crash barriers design in sections meeting following conditions (simplified conditions used in the exercise): embankment height he 3 m (refer to exercise no. 5) determine from the longitudinal profile (for each side separately) draw it into the longitudinal profile by its location refer to the schema in fig (an example in fig. 0660) fig (longitudinal profile schemas for drawing of different road assets) draw crash barriers into the corresponding cross-sections (the 0,75 m extension of the crown on the crash barrier side must be rearranged according to fig. 0691) crash barrier height is considered to be 0,75 m fig (cross-section with crash barrier in horizontal straight left side of embankment)

8 Lined ditches calculate Gd in all sections between cross-sections (for left and right side separately) = longitudinal profile of ditch bottom: G d(i) St hd(i 1) hd(i) 100 % St 1000 i 1 i Gd(i)... longitudinal gradient of ditch bottom between cross-sections no. i a i+1 Sti... chainage of cross-section no. i ; [St] = km (rounding to 5 decimal places) hd(i)... ditch bottom elevation (or elevation of the intersection of embankment slope with the original terrain) in cross-section no. i (copy from the cross-section); [hd] = m (rounding to 2 decimal places) lined ditch is designed in locations where (it is assessed for left and right side separately): Gd 0,3%; 0,5% Gd 3%; 5% draw it into the longitudinal profile according to its location refer to the schema in fig (examples in fig and fig. 0680)

9 fig (longitudinal profile an example of drawing in the end part)

10 schematically draw the lined ditches into the corresponding cross-sections according to fig fig (cross-section with lined ditch and drain) Superelevation schematically indicate in sections between points TS-SC and CS-ST (include corresponding value of crossfall S or S0 ) according to fig and fig PLAN COMPLETION Road gradient marker in all vertices of elevation polygon drawing labels and all details according to fig gradient marker arms schematically indicate the gradient direction! (value in parenthesis is the vertical curve tangent difference from gradient markers in the longitudinal profile)

11 fig (part of the plan an example of completion) Crash barriers and lined ditches the symbol cannot be used for double-sided (fig. 0690) for crash barriers use symbols according to fig for lined ditches use symbols according to fig plot according to fig fig (plan schemas for plotting of lined ditches)

12 Culverts schemas for plotting of different types of culverts into the plan refer to fig and fig mark including the table the same as in the longitudinal profile an example in fig fig (plan schemas for drawing of culverts)

13 fig (plan schemas for drawing of inclined pipe culvert) Pavement and carriageway crown plot in constant distance on both sides from the road centre line (fig. 0090): the edge of paved carriageway (at the distance a+v+c from the road centre line) the edge of carriageway crown (at the distance a+v+c+e+0,25 m from the centre line, if there are crash barriers, then a+v+c+e+1 m!!! fig. 0090, change of the width happens on a length of about 5 m according to fig. 0750) fig (plan showing changes of the carriageway width)

14 Earthworks construction draw (refer to fig and fig. 0710) based on points D and S according to the distance from the centre line given in the cross-sections (fig. 0640) apply the distances on the centre line perpendicular according to the principle in fig fig (plan schema for earth construction edge plotting) connect consecutive points fig. 0760: D line shows ditch bottom location (or the intersection of embankment slope with the original terrain) S line shows location of intersection of cutting slope with the original terrain (if the points does not exist in one of two consecutive cross-sections line is terminated in the half of the section by merging into the line made by D points)

15 schematic indication of slope gradient direction of earthworks construction using series of long and short lines perpendicular to the centre line according to fig schematic indication of lined or unlined ditch according to fig fig (plan schemas for cutting and embankment) fig (plan schemas for ditches)

16 Superelevation schematic indication in points TS, SC, CS and ST (include the corresponding values of crossfall S or S0 ) an example in fig and fig fig (an example of the whole plan)