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6 Visual Arts TANGENCIES Two figures are tangents when they have only one point in common, called the point of tangency. Types of tangencies. There are tangencies between circumferences or between straight lines and circumferences. Basic properties of tangencies. First Theorem. A straight line tangent to a circumference is perpendicular to the radius in the point of tangency. Second Theorem. Two tangent circumferences have their point of tangency aligned with the centers of the circumferences.

7 Visual arts AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION. Axonometry or Axonometric projection is a type of orthographic parallel projection in which we project three perpendicular coordinate axes (X, Y, Z) to create a tridimensional image. Limitations of Axonometry. Measurements experience a foreshortening in each of the projected axes X, Y and Z (Depth, width and height). But this foreshortening will be always the same, no matter if the object is closer o further away from the viewer. 1. Draw a cube in different types of axonometric projections. (1.5 POINTS) Isometric projection. Angles: 3 equal (120º) Foreshortening: Equal in three axes. (Commonly not used). TYPES OF AXONOMETRY Dimetric projection. Angles: 2 equal Foreshortening: Equal in two axes. Trimetric projection. Angles: Different Foreshortening: Different in the three axes. 2. Identify the types of axonometric projections and draw the three axes (X, Y, Z). Use wooden colour pencils. (1.5 POINTS) Draw a composition in isometric perspective, using the tetris figure defined by its multiview projection. (6 POINTS) Use Scale 1:1. Draw an isometric grid with squares of 2 cm side. (Use 2H pencil) Draw at least three equal figures fitting each other. Colour each figure with a single colour changing its value to create volume. Use a drawing sheet.(standard paper =-1 POINT) Drawing isometric coordinated axes with set square Dimensions units: mm The figure in different positions.

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9 Name and surname: Group: COLOURED LIGHTS. The primary coloured lights are: red, green and blue-violet. Mark: (1 POINT) Visual Arts The Visible Spectrum consists in the colours: Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, Indigo and violet. (1 POINT) THE COLOUR WHEEL (2 POINTS) The secondary coloured lights are: cyan, magenta and yellow. (2 POINTS) COLOUR HARMONIES. Analogous harmonies use colours similar in composition. (2 POINTS) Complementary harmonies use complementary colours and their analogous Subtractive mixture. By mixing the Additive mixture. By mixing the three primary coloured pigments we three primary coloured lights we get get the colour black. (1 POINT) the white light. (1 POINT)

10 COMPOSITION. Composition in visual arts is the manner of organizing the visual elements in an artwork. The compositional diagram are the main of geometric shapes and lines that simplify an artwork composition. There are compositions based in the triangle, square, circle, cross,... Visual Arts Visual weight is the ability of a element within a composition to draw attention to itself. Visual weight is created through the use of Size, Shape, texture, colour... Types of compositions. Symmetrical composition. Visual weights are placed at the equal distances of the geometry axis, creating balance. Asymmetrical composition. Visual weights are placed at different distances of the geometry axis. So, small weights are farther from the axis than the big weights to balance them. Golden Rectangle. In geometry, a golden rectangle is a rectangle whose sides ratio is the golden number = ACTIVITIES. 1. Draw the compositional diagram in the following paintings. Use wooden coloured pencils. Edgar Degas. Dance Lesson. 2. Draw and colour a symmetric composition using squares, circles and triangles. M. Turner. Regulus. 3. Draw and colour an asymmetric composition using squares, circles and triangles.

11 4. Draw the golden rectangle over the main facade of the Parthenon in Athens. Visual Arts How to Draw the golden rectangle from a square. Main facade of the Parthenon in Athens ADVANCED ACTIVITY. 5. Draw a golden rectangle, size of a credit card. Create in it a new design for the High Scholl ID card.

12 VISUAL ARTS. VISUAL PERCEPTION. Name and surname:.... Group:... Mark:... 1.Define perception. (2 POINTS) 2. Gestalt Theory of Visual Perception. (1 POINT) 3. Gestalt Laws. They establish tendencies in our perception. (1 POINT) Simple whole near far background Figure ground. Images consist in two parts: figure and... Closure. Incomplete objects are perceived as complete. Goodness of Figure. Images are perceived as... as possible. Law of proximity. We perceive... objects as a whole. Law of similarity. We perceive similar objects as a Explain the laws of Gestalt in the following images (6 POINTS) a. b. c. d. e. f.

13 ADVERTISING Visual Arts Advertising and propaganda are mass media whose purpose is persuasion, that is, convince us to do something or think in a certain way. Advertising has a commercial purpose, consume goods and services. Propaganda has an ideological purpose, to make us think according to certain ideas or beliefs. Modes of Persuasion Rational: Works with objective data, qualities and values, to show the convenience of acquiring the product. Emotional: Appeals to feelings and emotions. Rhetorical figures are often used. E.g.: metaphor, hyperbole, simile, personification, synecdoche, antithesis, etc. Objectives of advertising Informe. It provides information about the benefits of a product or service. (E.g.: institutional campaigns) Persuade. It is about showing the product as necessary for the consumer. (E.g.: take away services) Remember. It applies to products that are already in market, so consumers don't forget them. ACTIVITY. Analysis of the advertisements. Objective: Meaning: Advertising / Propaganda Objective: Meaning: Advertising / Propaganda Objective: Meaning: Advertising / Propaganda Mode of Persuasion: Mode of Persuasion: Mode of Persuasion: Rhetorical figures: Rhetorical figures: Rhetorical figures:

14 Objective: Advertising / Propaganda Objective: Advertising / Propaganda Meaning: Meaning: Mode of Persuasion: Mode of Persuasion: Rhetorical figures: Rhetorical figures: Objective: Advertising / Propaganda Objective: Advertising / Propaganda Meaning: Meaning: Mode of Persuasion: Mode of Persuasion: Rhetorical figures: Rhetorical figures:

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