UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION to Chemistry

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Mods: UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION to Chemistry Date Agenda Homework Thurs 8/28 Introduction-Syllabus, Lab Safety, Personal Info & Books Fri 8/29 Mon 9/1 Tues 9/2 Wed 9/3 Thurs 9/4 Fri 9/5 Mon 9/8 Tues 9/9 BTS Night Wed 9/10 ½ Day Lab Safety Video Safety map No School ~ Labor Day Quiz Safety Pre-Assessment Candle Burning Observations (burning 3-4 times for 3 minutes each) Candle Observations - Discussion Powerpoint (slides 1-3) Quantitative vs. Qualitative Quiz - quantitative and qualitative observations Lab report format Pre-Lab Evidence of Interaction Lab#1 - Evidence of Interaction Post Lab Powerpoint (slides 3-8) Mass/energy, Physical/Chemical Changes Lab#2 Physical/Chemical Changes Finish lab Go over lab Mini Lab - alka seltzer Thurs 9/11 Lab #3- Determine Volume by Displacement Fri 9/12 Mon 9/15 Tues 9/16 Wed 9/17 Quiz - everything to date Pre-lab Searching for Regularity Lab #4 Searching for Regularity Collect data Finish lab - get data in computer Notes - Accuracy/Precision Discuss graphing Graph sample data Thurs 9/18 Discuss results, Identify materials used Fri 9/19 Density (slides 15-16), Density Worksheet Mon 9/22 Lab#5 Coke/Diet Coke Tues 9/23 Go over lab Density Worksheet go over, any questions Wed 9/24 Lab #6 Pennies Thurs 9/25 Fir 9/26 Mon 9/29 Test Go over lab Review for test in packet Get Supplies Webpage Assignment due tomorrow! Lab Safety Contract get signed Make 10 observations on candle (do not burn it!) in packet Read p 3-9 and p Finish lab report Read p Read p Study for quiz Calculate averages for mass and volume Graph data from lab Finish lab Report - Due Monday Read p Do practice problems #23 and 24 p 71 Graph results Graph results No School ~ Rosh Hashanah Study For Test 1

2 CP CHEMISTRY - WEBSITE ASSIGNMENT The answers to the questions below can be found on the internet. 1. Search the school s website and find the CP Chemistry website. What is the address of this site? Bookmark this site! 2. What is your teacher's address? 3. What is the title of unit 1? 4. List the homework for tonight (Thursday Aug 28) 5. If you were absent on Wednesday September 3, you could find the notes on the website. What is the title of the power-point for these notes? 6. What is the tentative date of our first test (Unit 1)? Extra credit: Student - your teacher, in the subject line put your name and your chemistry mods Parent your child s teacher, in the subject line put your child's name and chemistry mod 2

3 This image cannot currently be displayed. Science Safety Rules The Bikini Bottom gang has been learning safety rules during science class. Read the paragraphs below to find the broken safety rules and underline each one. How many can you find? SpongeBob, Patrick, and Gary were thrilled when Mr. Krabbs gave their teacher a chemistry set! Mr. Krabbs warned them to be careful and reminded them to follow the safety rules they had learned in science class. The teacher passed out the materials and provided each person with an experiment book. SpongeBob and Gary flipped through the book and decided to test the properties of a mystery substance. Since the teacher did not tell them to wear the safety goggles, they left them on the table. SpongeBob lit the Bunsen burner and then reached across the flame to get a test tube from Gary. In the process, he knocked over a bottle of the mystery substance and a little bit splashed on Gary. SpongeBob poured some of the substance into a test tube and began to heat it. When it started to bubble he looked into the test tube to see what was happening and pointed it towards Gary so he could see. Gary thought it smelled weird so he took a deep whiff of it. He didn t think it smelled poisonous and tasted a little bit of the substance. They were worried about running out of time, so they left the test tube and materials on the table and moved to a different station to try another experiment. Patrick didn t want to waste any time reading the directions, so he put on some safety goggles and picked a couple different substances. He tested them with vinegar (a weak acid) to see what would happen even though he didn t have permission to experiment on his own. He noticed that one of the substances did not do anything, but the other one fizzed. He also mixed two substances together to see what would happen, but didn t notice anything. He saw SpongeBob and Gary heating something in a test tube and decided to do that test. He ran over to that station and knocked over a couple bottles that SpongeBob had left open. After cleaning up the spills, he read the directions and found the materials he needed. The only test tube he could find had a small crack in it, but he decided to use it anyway. He lit the Bunsen burner and used tongs to hold the test tube over the flame. He forgot to move his notebook away from the flame and almost caught it on fire. Before they could do another experiment, the bell rang and they rushed to put everything away. Since they didn t have much time, Patrick didn t clean out his test tube before putting it in the cabinet. SpongeBob noticed that he had a small cut on his finger, but decided he didn t have time to tell the teacher about it. Since they were late, they skipped washing their hands and hurried to the next class. Worksheet created by T. Trimpe

4 LAB SAFETY VIDEO 1. Who has the responsibility of safety in the classroom? 2. Lab is a. 3. Students should wear shoes. 4. Students should hair (if it is long and dangly). 5. Wear goggles. 6. No, No. 7. You never or in a science laboratory. 8. Lab is not for. 9. Follow all and instructions. 10. If you have a question,. 11. Never work or without. 12. Personal safety equipment includes,, and 13. Classroom safety equipment may include,,, and 14. PASS stands for,, and 15. Don t anything. 16. Read carefully. 17. vapors toward your nose to identify an odor. 18. When working with a burner, make sure all are far away. 19. Before throwing something away always 20. Place broken glassware in an 21. True or False turn on the burner and then light the match. 22. Don t point the mouth of a heated test tube toward. 4

5 Lab Safety Room 335 You need to find the following items in room 335 and mark them on the back of this page. - Put an X on your desk. - Label the teacher s lab area. - Label the lab tables - Label the computers - Label the glassware cabinet - Find the following safety items and draw them onto the map o o o o o o o Eye wash station Safety shower Safety blanket Fire Extinguisher Exits Emergency shut off (DO NOT PUSH it s called emergency for a reason) Safety Goggle Cabinet 5

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7 Candle Observations Day 1 Make 10 observations on the candle. Do not burn or manipulate the candle in any way

8 Directions and Observations for Candle Burning Lab Day 2 Time What I did What I observed (saw) 0-3 minutes (3 minutes) Light candle, allow to burn- observe 3-6 minutes (3 minutes) 6-9 minutes (3 minutes) 9-12 minutes (3 minutes) minutes (3 minutes) minutes (3 minutes) Blow candle out- observe Light candle, allow to burn- observe Blow candle out- observe Light candle, allow to burn- observe Blow candle out- observe 8

9 LABORATORY REPORT OUTLINE FOR CHEMISTRY You will fill out your Laboratory Notebook for each lab following the format below: TOP OF 1 st PAGE COURSE TITLE NAME EXPERIMENT NUMBER SECTION DATE EXPERIMENT TITLE NAME(S) OF LABORATORY PARTNER(S) BODY OF REPORT OBJECTIVE(S): List (1,2,3,...) clear and concise objectives for the experiment being performed. PROCEDURE(S): List any procedure(s) that you use that are not part of the regular laboratory procedure(s). OBSERVATION(S): These are usually qualitative statements about what is seen during the experiment. Some observations may seem unrelated to the outcome but may be important in some way in the future. List as many of them as may seem pertinent in any way. DATA & CALCULATIONS: These are usually quantitative statements that are measured and mathematically treated. Tabulate and list data in a coherent and legible fashion. Include the units in the use of numerical measurements. Use one sample calculation if there are many of the same type. CONCLUSION(S): List conclusions that match your objectives. The conclusions must be concisely stated and supported by your data. Draw conclusions about the probable sources of errors. **You MUST write out your lab report, even though a copy is in your packet, unless otherwise noted by your teacher** 9

10 GENERAL COMMENTS 1. Take pride in your work! 2. Write in ink or type your report. (Graphs may be in colored pencil.) 3. Write legible letters and words. 4. Write in sentences. 5. Use essay paper or three hole punched notebook paper. DO NOT USE PAPER WITH FRAYED EDGES. (I.E. SPIRAL RING NOTEBOOK PAPER). Do not write on the backs of paper. PRESENTATION GRADING Turned in on time On lined paper (unless typed). No frayed edges. Stapled (if more than 1 sheet) On one side of the page In sequence CONTENTS Your Name Partner(s) Name Title Objective(s) Procedure (with materials) Data (original w/signature) Graphs (as needed) Analysis (with sample calculations) Conclusion. 10

11 CHEMISTRY NAME EXPERIMENT NUMBER #2 SECTION DATE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES NAME(S) OF LAB PARTNER(S) OBJECTIVE: To carry out four procedures, make observations and decide whether the change is physical or chemical. PROCEDURE: Part A 1. Add 100 ml of water to a 250 ml beaker 2. Add a few drops of food coloring to the beaker of water 3. Make observations for several minutes Part B 1. Dissolve a scoopula tip of potassium sulfate in a small amount of water (about 10 ml) in a 100 ml beaker 2. Dissolve a scoopula tip amount of barium nitrate in a small amount of water (about 10 ml) in a 100 ml beaker 3. Pour the solutions from step 1 and 2 together into an empty 100 ml beaker. 4. Make observations Part C 1. Add about 100 ml of water to a 250 ml beaker 2. Place the beaker on a hot plate 3. Bring the water to a boil. Make careful observations 4. Use tongs to hold a sponge over the beaker for a couple of minutes as the water boils 5. Place the sponge on the lab bench and let it cool 6. Squeeze the sponge and make observations Part D 1. Place a few drops of 3.0 M hydrochloric acid in one of the wells 2. Add a small piece of magnesium ribbon to the acid. 3. Make observations DATA: Part A: Before During After 11

12 Part B: Before During After Part C: Before During After Part D: Before During After CONCLUSION: 12

13 Mini Lab Alka Seltzer Objective: Mass is conserved during a chemical reaction. Gases have mass. Procedure: 1. Fill the film canister about ¼ full with vinegar 2. Break up the Alka-Seltzer on the film canister cap 3. Mass the film canister with vinegar and the cap with Alka-Seltzer on the balance, record 4. Quickly flip film canister cap over the canister and seal immediately 5. Mass the sealed film canister, record 6. Open cap to release gas 7. Mass the film canister with cap again, record Data: Mass of film canister with vinegar/cap with Alka-Seltzer: Mass of sealed film canister: Mass of film canister after gas was released: Conclusion: 13

14 CHEMISTRY NAME EXPERIMENT NUMBER #3 SECTION DATE DETERMINING THE VOLUME PARTNERS: Objective: To determine the volume of an irregular shaped solid. Procedure: 1. Add water to your graduated cylinder so that there will be enough water to cover the height of a nail. 2. Next, add a nail to the water in the cylinder. Record the volume of the water with the nail in it. 3. How has the volume in the cylinder changed? 4. Why has the change in question 3 taken place? 5. How can you determine the exact volume of the nail you just added to the graduated cylinder? 6. Repeat this process with a number of other solids that have uneven shapes, and determine the volume of each. Volume of the water with the solid in it Volume of the water alone Solid A Solid B Solid C Solid D Volume of the solid Going further: Complete this sentence: Displacement is a process by which Complete this sentence: Displacement technique is important because it enables you to 14

15 Density Worksheet 1. What is the triangle used to solve density problems: 2. What is the equation to solve for density: 3. What is the equation to solve for mass: 4. What is the equation to solve for volume: 5. An object has a mass of 5.5g and a volume of 4.2ml. What is the density? 6. An object has a volume of 10.0ml and a density of 3.5g/ml. What is the mass? 7. An object has a mass of 65.7g and a density of 2.13g/ml. What is the volume? 15

16 Worksheet Review For Test Define the following: Qualitative observations Quantitative observations Element Compound Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Mass Volume Density Classify the following as qualitative or quantitative observations: warm 5.0 g solid 1.5 cm heavy green Identify as a physical or chemical property: 1. the boiling point of a certain alcohol is 78 o C 2. diamond is very hard 3. sugar ferments to form alcohol 4. a metal conducts an electric current Identify as a physical or chemical changes: 5. iron metal is melted 6. iron combines with oxygen to form rust 7. wood burns in air 8. a rock is broken into small pieces 16

17 Graphing questions: 9. A student graphed the following data: a. Determine the density of each substance from the slope of each line. Show all your work and include appropriate units. b. From the graph, estimate 1. the mass of 6.0 cm 3 of material B. 2. the volume of 40. g of material A 3. mark on the graph how you found the answers above c. Use the densities of the two substances as factors to determine the answers to b. Show work and how the units cancel. 17

18 10. Ethanol has a density of g/cm 3. a. What is the mass of 225 cm 3 of ethanol? b. What is the volume of 75.0 g of ethanol? 11. What is the density of water in g/ml? Why? 12. The cup is a volume widely used by cooks in the U.S. One cup is equivalent to 225 cm 3. If 1 cup of olive oil has a mass of 205 g, what is the density of olive oil in g/cm 3? 13. What would you expect to happen if the cup of olive oil in the above question is poured into a container of water? Why? 14. Gold has a density of 19.4 g/ cm 3. A cube of gold measures 4.23 cm on each edge: a. What is the volume of the cube? b. What is its mass? 18