Why is math important in. healthcare?

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2 Why is math important in healthcare? Health care workers are required to perform simple math calculations when doing various tasks. Mathematical errors may result in injury or a life or death situation.

3 Confidence with Numbers! Whole numbers: Non-whole numbers Mixed numbers Percentages:

4 Basic Math

5 Averages Practice! Here s the sample 9, 20, 2, 23, 8, 25, and 26

6 Health Care uses the Metric System Why? To align with the rest of the world To assure accurate and consistent communication in a healthcare setting Because it is based on 0s, you can do some calculations in your head! Image from

7 Basic rules to the Metric System. Use decimals, not fractions Ex: /0 = Write a 0 before a decimal. Ex:. is Abbreviations for metric terms are never plural. Ex: grams is g, not gs

8 Prefixes make it simple! What s the pattern? kilometer =,000 meters hectometer = 00 meters dekameter = 0 meters meter decimeter = 0. meter centimeter = 0.0 meter millimeter = 0.00 meter

9 Start with Length Write and memorize! kilometer =,000 meters meter centimeter = 0.0 meter millimeter = 0.00 meter

10 Make a Mental Picture Kilometer Track around football field = 400 meters How far for a kilometer? 2.5 times Meter Centimeter Millimeter Meter: about floor to waist Centimeter: width of index finger Millimeter: thickness of fingernail

11 Length Practice! How many millimeters in a centimeter? How many centimeters in a meter? How many millimeters in a meter? How many meters in a kilometer? How tall are you in meters (estimate)?

12 kilogram = What about weight?,000 grams gram milligram = 0.00 gram Also referred to as mass.

13 Make a Mental Picture Kilogram About the weight of a half-full 2-liter bottle. Gram The plastic top weighs 2 grams A can of soup contains 300 grams Milligram Approximately 3 grains of salt.

14 Weight practice! How many milligrams in a gram? kilogram? How many grams in a How much did you weigh at birth in kilograms? Example: 7.5 lbs = 3.4 kg Formula: lbs / 2.2 = kilograms kg x 2.2 = pounds

15 What about volume? liter milliliter = 0.00 liter cubic centimeter (cc) = milliliter (ml)

16 Make a Mental Picture Liter You already know the volume of a 2-Liter bottle Milliliter A can of soda is 240 ml One teaspoon is 5 ml

17 Volume practice! How many milliliters in a liter? How many milliliters in a coffee mug?

18 Now it s time to get serious

19 Converting Grams Grams to milligrams multiply by 000 or move decimal three places to the right 0.5 g = mg 0.50 g = 50 mg 0.5 g = 50 mg Milligrams to grams divide by 000 or move decimal three places to the left 500 mg = g

20 Practice converting grams and kg What would you do to convert grams to kilograms? 600 g = kg What would you do to convert kilograms to grams? 4.5 kg = g

21 Converting Meters Meters to millimeters multiply by 000 or move decimal three places to the right 2.54 m = mm m = 2540 mm Milliliters to liters divide by 000 or move decimal three places to the left 650 mm = m

22 Metric Quiz g = mg m = mm 3. 3 mm = m 4. 0 cc = ml 5. 2 mg = g ml = L g = kg cm = m m = km 0. 0 kg = g. 40 mg = kg 2. 6 L = ml

23 Common Conversions - Weight kg = 2.2 lbs To convert lbs to kg, divide the number of pounds by lbs 2.2 = 65.9 kg

24 Now You Try It - Weight. 6 oz = kg lbs = kg g = lbs 4. 4 kg = lbs 5. 6 oz = g g = oz kg = oz

25 Common Conversions - Length inch (in) = meter (m) To convert inches to meters, multiply the number of inches by in x =.5 m

26 Now You Try It - Length. 6 in = m cm = in m = in ft = m cm = ft 6. 6 ft 2 in = cm m = yards

27 Common Conversions - Volume oz. = 30 ml To convert oz. to ml, multiply the number of ounces by oz. x 30 = 600 ml

28 Now You Try It - Volume. 4 ml = cc tsp = ml ml = tsp 4. 4 oz = ml ml = cups oz = pts 7. 9 qts = L

29 Congratulations! Time to Convert Temperature Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C) = 0 F- 32 x (5/9) Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F) = 0 C x (9/5) + 32 If you memorize those two formulas, temperature conversion is fairly easy. Get out your calculators!

30 Now You Try It - Temperature F = 0 C F = 0 C F = 0 C C = 0 F Round to the nearest tenth C = 0 F C = 0 F

31 hour clock Military or international time Conversion: Write 00 as the first two digits to represent the first hour after midnight. Write 0, 02, as the first two digits to represent the hours :00 a.m. through :00 a.m. Add 2 to the first two digits to represent the hours :00 p.m. through :00 p.m., so that 3, 4, represent these hours. Write noon as 200, and write midnight as 0000 for international time.

32 hour clock

33 Percents A percent indicates a value equal to the number of hundredths. Changing a Percent to a fraction: Drop the percent sign (%) Write the number as the numerator Write 00 as the denominator Reduce to lowest terms

34 Percents (cont.) Changing a Percent to a decimal: Drop the percent sign (%) Divide by 00 (by moving the decimal point Divide by 00 (by moving the decimal point two places to the left) Express the quotient as a decimal.

35 Percents (cont.) Finding Percentages of Numbers: Write the number after the word of as the denominator. Write the other number as the numerator. Divide the numerator by the Multiply by 00 denominator. Add the percent sign (%) Example: What is 35 of 90? Write as a fraction: 35/90 Divide numerator by denominator: =.39 Multiply by 00, add percent sign:.39 x 00 = 39%

36 Now You Try It - Percents Change a percent to a fraction:. 25% = / % = 3/ % = 9/0 Change a percent to a decimal:. 66% = % =.04 Find percent of a number:. 55 of 60 = 92% of 85 = 88% 3. 6 of 20 = 5%