Part 1: I can express probability as a fraction, decimal, and percent

Transcription

1 Name: Pattern: Part 1: I can express probability as a fraction, decimal, and percent For #1 to #4, state the probability of each outcome. Write each answer as a) a fraction b) a decimal c) a percent Example: You choose a spade from a deck of playing cards. a) 13 = b) 1 25 = = c) % = 25% 1. You flip a coin. It turns up heads. 2. You spin a spinner that has 5 equal sections: red, blue, green, yellow, and purple. The spinner stops at yellow. 3. A bag contains the letters C, D, D, A, S, T. You choose a D. 4. You have 2 dimes and 2 nickels in your pocket. You reach in your pocket and choose a quarter. For #5 and #6, a) rewrite the question b) give the probability of the favourable outcome as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent Example: A bowl has 10 peanuts: 3 salted, 2 barbecue flavoured, and 5 unsalted. What is the probability of choosing a salted peanut? a) What is P(salted)? number of favourable outcomes b) number of possible outcomes 3 = 10 = 0.3 = % = 30% 5. What is the probability of choosing an unsalted peanut in the example above? 6. What is the probability of choosing a barbecue-flavoured peanut in the example above? For #7 to #9, write each answer as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent. 7. A spinner has 5 equal-sized regions labelled N, A, M, E, S. What is P(M)? 8. In #3, what is the probability of picking a vowel? 9. In #3, what is P(consonant)?

2 Part 2: I can identify the sample space for a probability experiment For #1 and #2, use manipulatives to help you answer the questions. 1. Roll a six-sided die labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 and a four-sided die labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4. a) Use the table to organize the outcomes of these two events. 4 Sided Die Sided Die b) What is the sample space? 2. Flip a coin and roll a 4-sided die numbered 1 to 4. a) Use the table to organize the outcomes of these two events. Coin Heads (H) Tails (T) Die b) What is the sample space?

3 Part 3: I can organize all possible outcomes of a probability experiment into a chart or diagram 1. Fill in each blank with the correct word. Use the word list to help you. equal heads random tails In a event, every outcome has an chance of occurring. When you flip a coin, for example, the coin can turn up or. 2. Complete the table to show the possible outcomes of flipping two coins. Heads Tails Heads Tails 3. Complete the tree diagram to show the possible outcomes of flipping one coin twice. 4. Use the tree diagram from #3 to find the probability of each of the following as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent. Outcome Fraction Decimal Percent a) P(2 different results) b) P(H,H) c) P(at least one H)

4 Part 4: I can determine the probability of an event and express it numerous ways 1. In a board game, a player flips a card that says forward on one side and back on the other side. Then the player rolls a six-sided die to see how many spaces to move on the board. a) Make up the card and use it to help you answer the following questions. b) Complete the table to organize the outcomes. Card Forward (F) Back (B) Six Sided Die c) Draw the tree diagram to organize the sample space. d) How many possible outcomes are there? 2. Use the table for #1 to record each of the following probabilities as a fraction and a percent. Example: What is the probability of flipping the side of the card that says Back and rolling a 1, 2, or 3? Step 1: List the outcomes. There are 3 outcomes: (B, 1), (B, 2), (B,3). Step 2: Express as a fraction. P(B, 1, 2, or 3) = 3 12 Step 3: Express the fraction as a percent = 0.25 = % = 25% a) What is P(F, 3)? b) What is P(1 or 2)? c) What is the probability that the player will have to move back? d) What is the probability that the player will not have to move at all?

5 Part 5: I can conduct a probability experiment to compare the theoretical and experimental probabilities Jeremy is about to take 2 free throws in a basketball game. The team s records show that he has a 66.6% or 2 out of 3 chance of sinking the basketball into the hoop for each shot. His team needs both points to win. 1. Use a paper clip with a pencil and the spinner below to test how successful Jeremy will be in 12 sets of free throws. Record your results in the table. Trial First Attempt (Yes or No) Second Attempt (Yes or No) Both Attempts Successful (Yes or No) 2. What is the experimental probability that Jeremy s team won the game? a) Write the experimental probability as a fraction. number of both attempts successful total number of both attempts 12 b) Convert this fraction to a percent. You may need a calculator. 3. What is the theoretical probability that Jeremy s team won the game? a) Create a tree diagram to find the possible outcomes. b) Write the theoretical probability as a fraction. number of favourable outcomes number of possible outcomes c) Convert this fraction to a percent. 4. Compare the experimental probability with the theoretical probability.

6 Chapter 5 Practice Test For questions #1 to #6, choose the letter representing the term that best matches each statement. Each letter may be used more than once or not at all. 1. A die is tossed 5 times and a six shows up twice giving a probability of These are the successful results in a probability experiment. 3. Tossing a coin and spinning a spinner at the same time are examples. 4. These are all the possible results in a probability experiment. 5. When tossing a coin, heads is expected to A outcomes B probability C favourable outcomes D independent events E sample space F random G theoretical probability H experimental probability have a probability of In a lottery, every outcome has an equal chance of occurring. For #7 to #10, select the best answer. 7. A basket contains 4 yellow, 3 red, and 3 blue slips of paper. Without looking, Navida reaches in to pull out one slip. What is the probability that it is red? A 3 B 3 C 3 D Which of the following gives the correct way to calculate the probability of an event? A Probability = number of favourable events all possible events B all possible events Probability = number of favourable events C Probability = number of favourable events independent events D theoretical events Probability = experimental events 9. The probability of an accident occurring is P(accident) = What is the probability that an accident does not occur? A 0.14 B 0.56 C 0.28 D A student rolls a six-sided die three times in a row. The first roll results in a 6 and the second roll also results in a 6. What is the probability that the third roll will result in a 6? A 1 6 B 1 3 C 2 6 D 2 3

7 Short Answer For #11 to #15, use a separate piece of paper. 11. Jorge tosses a coin and then rolls a four-sided die. Draw a tree diagram to show the sample space. 12. What is the probability of randomly choosing a grey ball from the box? Show your answer as a fraction and a percent. 13. If you pick one letter at random from the word possibilities, what is the chance that it will be a vowel? Show your answer as a fraction and a percent. Extended Response 14. Kirsten has a spinner and 4 balls as shown below. She spins the spinner and selects one ball at random. a) Use a table to show all of the possible outcomes. b) How many outcomes will result in Q and an even numbered ball? c) What is P(Q, even numbered ball) as a decimal and a percent? 15. Dominic and Tony are playing a board game with a pair of six-sided dice. If Dominic can roll a total of five using the two dice, he will win the game. a) What are all of the possible sums Dominic can roll using the pair of dice? b) Circle the outcomes that could win the game for Dominic. c) What is the probability that Dominic will win the game on this roll? Show your answer as a fraction and a percent.

8 Self Assessment I can express probability as a fraction, decimal, and percent Got it! I can do this independently and explain my reasoning to my classmates or teacher. Getting there. I can almost do this independently, but might need some help. Not yet. I need more time. I also need to see more examples to help me. I can identify the sample space for a probability experiment I can organize all possible outcomes of a probability experiment into a chart or diagram I can determine the probability of an event and express it numerous ways I can conduct a probability experiment to compare the theoretical and experimental probabilities