migration and hibernation

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1 Union Street, Brandon, VT and teacher s guide Editors: Brian A. Jerome Ph.D. Stephanie Zak Jerome Assistant Editors: Louise Marrier Josh Hummel Graphics: Fred Thodal

2 a message from our company viewing clearances use and copyright a message from our company... Visual Learning is a Vermont-based, family owned company specializing in the creation of science programs. As former classroom science teachers, we have designed our programs to meet the needs and interests of both students and teachers. Our mission is to help educators and students meet educational goals while experiencing the thrill of science! viewing clearances The video and accompanying teacher s guide are for instructional use only. In showing these programs, no admission charges are to be incurred. The programs are to be utilized in face-to-face classroom instructional settings, library settings, or similar instructional settings. Duplication rights are available, but must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Television, cable, or satellite rights are also available, but must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Closed circuit rights are available, and are defined as the use of the program beyond a single classroom but within a single campus. Institutions wishing to utilize the program in multiple campuses must purchase the multiple campus version of the program, available at a slightly higher fee. Video streaming rights are available and must be negotiated with visual learning systems. Discounts may be granted to institutions interested in purchasing programs in large quantities. These discounts may be negotiated with visual learning systems. use and copyright The purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce or duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher s guide and the black line master handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video, and. The right is restricted only for use with this video program. Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide and student masters for any purpose other than for use with this video program is prohibited. The video and this teacher s guide are the exclusive property of the copyright holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (Title 17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506). Copyright 01 ISBN and

3 index teacher s guide a message from our company viewing clearances use and copyright student learning objectives assessment introducing the program program viewing suggestions literature connections key vocabulary video script answer key to student assessments answer key to student activities student activities what do you know now? what have you learned? video review video quiz a long trip animals adjust and 3

4 student learning objectives assessment student learning objectives Upon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities, students will be able to do the following: 1 Describe as the seasonal movement of animals from place to place. Understand that animals migrate to different places because it makes survival easier. 3 Cite an example of an animal that migrates. Describe when it migrates, and why it migrates. 4 List some examples of animals that hibernate. 5 Describe the process of. Explain why some animals hibernate. 6 Explain that an adaptation is a characteristic that helps a living thing survive. 7 Provide an example of a living thing that does not migrate or hibernate. Then describe an adaptation it has that enables it to survive. assessment what do you know now? (p. 10): This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an understanding of students preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives stated on the previous pages. what have you learned? (p. 11): This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following student completion of the program and student activities. The results of this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary assessment to assess student progress. video review (p. 1): The video review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity. There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be answered at the end of the video. 4 and

5 introducing the program Before showing the video to students ask them if they have ever seen animals such as monarch butterflies, geese, or different birds migrating. Write the term on the board. Make a list of animals that migrate. Ask students when some of these animals migrate. Then discuss some of the reasons why these animals migrate. Next, ask students where animals such as frogs, snakes, and bears go in places where winters are cold and snowy. Explain to students that these animals hibernate. Write the term on the board. Discuss some of the reasons animals hibernate. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to learn more about and. program viewing suggestions The student master video review is provided (p. 1) for distribution to students. You may choose to have your students complete this master while viewing the program or do so upon its conclusion. The program is approximately 10 to 1 minutes in length and includes a fivequestion video quiz. Answers are not provided to the video quiz in the video, but are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class. introducing the program program viewing suggestions literature connections The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology and concepts. literature connections Berkes, Marianne. Going Home: The Mystery of Animal Migration. California: Dawn Publishing, 010. Dunphy, Madeleine. The Peregrine s Journey: A Story of Migration. California: Web of Life Children s Books, 008. Fleming, Denise. Time to Sleep. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 001. Nelson, Robin. Hibernation. Minnesota: Lerner Classroom, 010. and 5

6 key vocabulary video script key vocabulary survive sleep adaptation video script 1 01 introduction 0 Have you ever noticed geese flying south in the fall? 03 They re going to a warmer place to spend the winter, where it s easier for them to live. 04 This process is called. 05 What exactly is? 06 What are some of the animals that migrate? 07 And why do they migrate? 08 Not all animals migrate. Instead some hibernate. 09 What exactly is? 10 What are some of the animals that hibernate, and why do they hibernate? 11 During the next few minutes we re going to answer these interesting questions as we explore and. 1 what is? 13 These large beautiful birds are called Sandhill Cranes. 14 They re in the middle of a long journey between the Gulf of Mexico and northern North America. 15 They re migrating. Migration is the seasonal movement of animals from place to place. 6 you 16 Why do you think these birds migrate? decide 17 These birds migrate because it s easier for them to live and survive in another place during certain times of the year. 18 This hummingbird, for example, migrates thousands of kilometers to a warmer place for the winter. 19 Food is easier to find where it s warmer. 0 Even these monarch butterflies on the west coast of North America migrate thousands of kilometers to Mexico where it s warmer for them to spend the winter months. 1 These elk in Colorado also migrate, but a much smaller distance. In the warmer summer months the elk easily find food in high mountain meadows. and

7 3 But, in the fall as the weather cools they migrate to lower, warmer valleys. 4 This valley location helps them avoid deep winter snows that make finding food difficult. 5 There are several reasons that animals migrate, the main reason is to help them survive. video script 3 you observe 6 what is? 7 We ve just seen how some animals migrate to warmer places in the winter. 8 But some animals have a different way of dealing with the cold winter season. They hibernate. 9 Describe what this bear is doing. 30 That s right, it s sleeping. 31 Animals that hibernate, such as bears, snakes, and turtles go into a kind of deep sleep in a spot protected from the harsh weather. 3 During their heart rate and breathing rate slow down. 33 Some animals that hibernate such as turtles, frogs, and snakes don t move or eat for months at a time. 34 When the weather warms they come out of. 35 Other animals that hibernate, such as bears, do occasionally wake up when the weather warms. 36 Some bears even give birth to their cubs while hibernating. 37 Hibernation is important to many animals because it allows them to sleep through the months when food is hard to find animals adjusting 39 Some animals don t migrate or hibernate. Instead, they stay active in the winter. 40 How do they do this? 41 They re able to stay active in the winter because they have certain adaptations that help them adjust to the colder winter weather. 4 An adaptation is a characteristic that helps a living thing to survive. 43 Deer, for example, have fur that helps keep them warm. 44 Many birds can adjust their diet to live off foods they can find in the winter. 45 Snowshoe hares have wide feet that help them walk on top of the snow without sinking in. 46 They also change color from grey to white to help them blend in with snow so predators can t see them as easily. These are all examples of adaptations. 47 Animals that stay active in the winter have many adaptations that help them adjust their lives so they can stay warm, find food, and survive. and 7

video script 5 6 48 Video Review 49 During the past few minutes we explored and. 50 We began by discussing as the seasonal movement of animals from place to place.

8 video script Video Review 49 During the past few minutes we explored and. 50 We began by discussing as the seasonal movement of animals from place to place. 51 We saw how helps animals to survive, making their lives easier. 5 Next, the process of was investigated. 53 Some of the ways animals enter a long sleep-like state were described. 54 Hibernation also helps animals survive, but in a different way than. 55 Last, we saw how some animals have adaptations that enable them to adjust to changing conditions such as winter. 56 This completed our fascinating exploration of and. 57 Video Quiz 58 Fill in the correct word to complete the sentence is the seasonal movement of animals. 60. Animals migrate because it s easier for them to Animals enter something like a deep when they hibernate This deer does not hibernate because it to winter The thick, warm fur on this animal is a type of. 8 and

9 answer key to student assessments what do you know now? (p.10) what have you learned? (p. 11) 1 adaptation 1 food south 3 3 survive 4 survive 4 deep sleep 5 active 5 snake 6 stay warm 6 food 7 south 7 deer 8 deep sleep 8 active 9 deer 9 adaptation 10 snake 10 stay warm video review (p. 1) 1 These birds migrate because it s easier for them to live and survive in another place during certain times of the year. The bear is hibernating. answer key to student activities (p. 13) 1 Canada geese migrate within North America from as far north as the tundra to as far south as Florida. Hummingbirds often migrate huge distances. They migrate as far south as Central America to as far north as Alaska. video quiz (p. 1) 1 survive 3 sleep 4 adjusts 5 adaptation a long trip (p. 14) answer key to student assessments answer key to student activities animals adjust (p. 15) 1 Deer have thick fur. They also have sharp hooves that help them dig for food in snow. Squirrels have thick fur. They also store nuts they eat in winter months. 3 Many songbirds have the ability to adjust their diet to eat foods more readily available in winter. and 9

10 what do you know now? Select the best answer for each of the following questions. Name: The seasonal movement of animals is: 1 6 evolution escaping In fall in North America geese migrate from north to: 7 north east west south Animals migrate because it s easier for them to: 3 8 think move survive swim Animals that hibernate go into a type of: 4 9 deep sleep active state playful state trance Which of the following animals hibernates? 5 10 hawk Canada goose chickadee snake Many animals hibernate in winter because it s hard to find: ice snow ice cream food Which of the following animals does not hibernate? turtle deer snake bear Some animals don t hibernate or migrate. In winter they are: sleeping resting hibernating active A characteristic that helps an animal survive is called an: adaptation emotion infection invention Animals that are active in winter have adaptations that help them: cool off freeze stay warm swim 10 and hibernatiion visual learning systems

11 what have you learned? Select the best answer for each of the following questions. Name: 1 A characteristic that helps an animal survive is called an: 6 Animals that are active in winter have adaptations that help them: adaptation emotion infection invention cool off freeze stay warm swim Many animals hibernate in winter because it s hard to find: 7 In fall in North America geese migrate from north to: ice snow ice cream food north east west south 3 The seasonal movement of animals is: 8 Animals that hibernate go into a type of: evolution escaping deep sleep active state playful state trance 4 Animals migrate because it s easier for them to: 9 Which of the following animals does not hibernate? think move survive swim turtle deer snake bear 5 Some animals don t hibernate or migrate. In winter they are: 10 Which of the following animals hibernates? sleeping resting hibernating active hawk Canada goose chickadee snake visual learning systems and 11

12 video review Name: you decide Why do you think these birds migrate? you observe Describe what this bear is doing. video quiz is the seasonal movement of animals. Animals migrate because it s easier for them to. Animals enter something like a deep when they hibernate. This deer does not hibernate because it to winter. The thick, warm fur on this animal is a type of. 1 and hibernatiion visual learning systems

13 Name: Migration is the seasonal movement of animals from place to place. Some animals travel great distances when they migrate. Below are pictures of two animals that migrate. Describe where they migrate to and from. 1 visual learning systems and 13

a long trip Name: Directions: Follow along as your teacher reads you the story of a bird called the red knot. Some migrating animals travel between breeding grounds and their winter habitats.

14 a long trip Name: Directions: Follow along as your teacher reads you the story of a bird called the red knot. Some migrating animals travel between breeding grounds and their winter habitats. Some animals migrate relatively short distances, such as horseshoe crabs. Some birds, like the red knot, migrate long distances. The red knot is a small shorebird about the size of a robin. Every year these birds fly 0,000 miles roundtrip. They migrate between their winter habitats and their summer breeding grounds. The red knot spends the winter months in southern South America in Argentina. During the months of April or May the birds begin their 10,000 mile northern journey. Along the way they may only stop two or three times! One common stop is on the Delaware Bay. Here they eat horseshoe crab eggs for energy. They then continue on for about 1,000 miles to Canada. Many nesting sites can be found in the Nunavut area along the Hudson Bay. Here the female lays her eggs. When the chicks are born, the female begins the long flight back to her wintering grounds. The males stay back with newborn chicks for a few weeks. Then the newborn birds take the long 10,000 mile trip all on their own a few weeks later. Directions: Follow the route of the red knot. Label Argentina, Delaware, and the Hudson Bay. 14 and hibernatiion visual learning systems

animals adjust Name: Many animals don t migrate or hibernate in

To help them adjust they have certain adaptations, An adaptation is a

Directions: Below are pictures of animals that are active in winter.

15 animals adjust Name: Many animals don t migrate or hibernate in winter. Insead they remain active. They adjust to the cold weather. To help them adjust they have certain adaptations, An adaptation is a characteristic that helps an animal survive. Directions: Below are pictures of animals that are active in winter. Describe one of their adaptations that help them survive in winter. 1 3 visual learning systems and 15

Spring Migration: Loons are Returning to the BWCAW

Spring Migration: Loons are Returning to the BWCAW We saw our first loon of the season when moved camp from Knife Lake to Spoon Lake. In honor of that loon sighting, this week's Notes from the Trail is all about migration. Migration means the movement