PROCEEDINGS. The Effects of Oil on Wildlife Fourth international Conference Seattle, Washington April 1995

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2 PROCEEDINGS The Effects of Oil on Wildlife Fourth international Conference Seattle, Washington April 1995 International Bird Rescue Research Center 699 Potter St., Berkeley, CA Editor: Cathleen Rineer-Garber Cover art designed by: Ken Brewer Publication sponsored byalyeska Pipeline Services Company

3 " A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s Our deep appreciation to Alyeska Pipeline Services Company for their sponsorship of the Fourth International Conference on The Effects of Oil on Wildlife. The conference, which took place April 12-14, 1995, in Seattle, WA, provided an excellent opportunity tor information exchange in the area of oiled wildlife prevention, planning, response and rehabilitation. The papers in this publication were presented at that symposium. This publication was funded, in part, by Alyeska Pipeline Services Company. Thanks also to the many authors who contributed to this publication. The information presented here provides a valuable tool for the continued research of the effects of oil on wildlife. Editor's Note The papers presented in this publication have been edited for typographical errors and format consistency only. As it is our goal to present the papers as the authors intended them, no editing of technical data has occurred.

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Prevention is More Important than Rehabilitation: Oil and Magellanic Penguins Don't Mix...l Dee Boersma, Department of Zoology, University of Washington A Review of Wildlife Responses in Saudi Arabia Following the Gulf War Spillage...5 Nigel Brown, RSPCA, Marine Sanctuary of the Gulf Region The Rehabilitation of 30 Western Pond Turtles (Clemmys marmorata) Exposed to Diesel Fuel...l5 Dr. Mark E. Burgess. Exotic Animal Referral Practice; Teresa M. DeLorenzo, Northwest Ecological Research Institute Cleaning Oiled Mammals and Reptiles...35 Curtiss Clumpner, International Bird Rescue Research Center; Lynne Frink, Tri-State Bird Rescue ft Research Oil Spill Contingency Planning on a Statewide Basis...41 David Cooper, Ohio Wildlife Rehabilitation Association Sea Otter Oil Spill Contingency Planning in Alaska...47 Randall Davis, International Wildlife Research The Rehabilitation of Oiled Wildlife Following the Tampa Bay Oil Spil Lynne Frink, Glenn Gauvry; Tri- State Bird Rescue ft Research The Wildlife Response to the Braer Oil Spill in the Shetlands...59 Martin Huebeck, University of Aberdeen Understanding the Rehabilitation Aspect of an Oiled Wildlife Response and the Role that the Wildlife Rehabilitator PIays...73 Jay Holcomb, International Bird Rescue Research Center Developing Oiled Bird Rehabilitation for the Tropical Pacific...?? Neil Hurley, US. Coast Guard; Linda Elliot, International Bird Rescue Research Center

5 California's Office of Oil Spill Prevention ft Response Veterinary Service Unit...79 Dr. David Jessup, California Department of Fish ft Game, 05PR Sea Otters Following the Exxon Valdez Oil SpilL...81 Charles B. Johnson, ABR, Inc..; David L Garsbelis, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Washington's Wildlife Rescue Coalition and Response Plan...85 Sara LaBorde. Washington Department of Fish ft Wildlife Post-mortem Findings of Sea Birds Contaminated during the 1991 Fidalgo Oil Spill...92 Dr. Jessica Lainson, Lopez Animal Clinic Mapping of Environmentally Sensitive Areas for Spill Response in the Kuparuk Oilfiled, Northern A/a5te...98 Brian E. Lawhead, Michael D. Smith, John R. Rose, Debora A Flint; ABR, Inc. The Use and Misuse of Science in Natural Resource Damage Assessment..., Gary Maseuth, Don Kane; Beak Consultants The Integration of Safety Systems into a Large Scale Oil Spill Response Organization Steve Magasis, Marine Spill Response Corporation Sea Turtles and Natural Resource Damage Assessment Maura J. Newell, Damage Assessment Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Utilization of Blood Parameters to Improve Sea Bird Rehabilitation Dr. Scott Newman. Wildlife Health Center. U.C. Davis The Controversy Surrounding Oil Spill Sea Bird Rehabilitation...! 46 Dr. Scott Newman, Wildlife Health Center, U. C. Davis

6 The Rehabilitation of Sora and Virginia Rails Following a Spill in the Santa Clara River Catbleen Rineer-Garber, Dr. Florins Tseng, etal.; International Bird Rescue Research Center The Long Term Effects of Oil on Captive Waterfowl Arnold Schouten, Dry Creek Waterfowl Survival of Oiled Birds that have been Cleaned, Banded and Released Brian Sharp, Ecological Perspectives Prioritization of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Claudia Slater, Robin Wiilis; Alaska Department of Fish ft Game Food and the Spill Responder: The Importance of Support Services in Spill Response Joseph Smith, Foss Environmental Oiled Wildlife Rehabilitation: Does it Always have to be so Difficult?...^ Andy Tirpak, Center for Marine Training and Safety, Oil Spill Control Program A Review of Alyeska's Wildlife Oil Spill Response Capabilities along the Trans-Alaska Pipeline and in Prince William Sound Dave Trudgen, Sharon Hillman; Alyeska Pipeline Service Company Aspergillosis: The Disease, Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment Dr. Florina Tseng, International Bird Rescue Research Center The Effects of Oiling and Rehabilitation on Pregnant and Newborn Sea Otters Dr. Pam Tuomi, International Wildlife Research, Inc. Formulating Wildlife Response Recommendations for Oil Spill Contingency Plans Robin Witfis, Claudia Slater; Alaska Department of Fish ft Game