Території особливої охорони (SPAs): методологія моніторингу птахів та менеджменту. В.Костюшин)

Transcription

1 Території особливої охорони (SPAs): методологія моніторингу птахів та менеджменту В.Костюшин) Title of the event 1

2 Monitoring related to Natura 2000 sites Title of the event 2

3 Guidance for UK Common Standards Monitoring: Monitoring is regular or irregular series of observations in time, carried out to show the extent of compliance with a formulated standard or degree of deviation from an expected norm. Site-based conservation is a corner-stone of biodiversity conservation. Clearly, mechanism is needed to assess how successful activities have been in achieving nature conservation objectives, both on individual sites and across the site series as a whole. For example, on any particular site it is important to evaluate whether management measures have achieved the desired objectives, or whether new measures need to be put in place. At a broader level, assessment is required of the effectiveness of legislative and policy measures in contributing to biodiversity conservation on protected sites. Monitoring can provide the information necessary to undertake these assessments. Title of the event 3

4 Article 12 deals with the general reporting obligations of the Member States and Commission. It requires Member States to report about the progress made with the implementation of the Birds Directive. In 2011, the Commission in agreement with Member States has revised the reporting procedure and frequency streamlining the reporting under Art.12 of the Birds Directive with the reporting on conservation status under Art.17 of the Habitats Directive (from 3 to 6 years+ synchronization) The first national reports about status and trends of birds in the EU were assessed in the course of 2014 on EU-level, results were summarised and analysed. Title of the event 4

5 New reporting format includes two parts: 1. A general reporting format, where some general progress reporting is retained but in a simplified manner, including basic facts and web-links to other sources for detailed information about e.g. legal transpositions and research or work done for the protection, management and use of bird populations. Textual reporting is kept to a minimum. 2. A format for reporting on the size and trend of individual bird species populations and distributions, including sections for reporting on the main threats and pressures affecting species for which SPAs have been classified, as well as their coverage by the SPA network and conservation measures taken for them. Title of the event 5

6 The Birds Directive applies to all species of naturally occurring birds in the wild state in the European territory of the Member States, as defined in Article 1 Having this in mind, the reporting on bird species status and trends will include all species that meet the criterion of Article 1. However, the reporting on threats/pressures, the SPA network and conservation measures will only include so called SPA trigger species, e.g. in principle all species listed in Annex I of the Directive plus a selection of key migratory species. The codes to be used for bird species, population units, threats and pressures and conservation measures can be found via the reporting Reference Portal: erence_portal Title of the event 6

7 Bird species status and trends reporting format Title of the event 7

8 Title of the event 8

9 Title of the event 9

10 Title of the event 10

11 Title of the event 11

12 Title of the event 12

13 Title of the event 13

14 Title of the event 14

15 Title of the event 15

16 Title of the event 16

17 Title of the event 17

18 Title of the event 18

19 Title of the event 19

20 Title of the event 20

21 Title of the event 21

22 Title of the event 22

23 Waterbird Population Estimates: 1 (1994), 2 (1997), 3 (2002), 4 (2007), 5 (2012) Title of the event 23

24 For this it is crucial to further develop monitoring schemes and improve data quality at national level The key actions in this respect: Ensure that at least trend data (population indices) are available at national level. Data on changes of distribution are available. This would require co-ordinated atlas work, but it would be worth exploring the use of predictive distribution models that can effectively complement atlas work at a much lower cost. National data are collected in a systematic manner (as it is demonstrated by BirdLife International and Wetlands International). Title of the event 24

25 BirdLife International has developed an integrated approach to bird monitoring in Europe, which is based on three schemes and could be easily adopted for monitoring under the Birds Directive: Monitoring of a representative sample of common birds, which may produce state indicators, which can be used to characterise the overall sustainability of the major land use forms on birds and broadly indicates the effectiveness of article 3 of the Directive. Monitoring of key sites relates to article 4(1) and (2) of the Birds Directive and resulting in indicators for the Conservation Status of Natura 2000 sites based on the performance of their qualifying species, regular assessment of the impacts of threats on individual sites and response measures such as progress in classification and management (a similar framework is being introduced by European BirdLife Partners to monitor Important Bird Areas). Monitoring of threatened birds is based on assessing the Conservation Status of bird species based on information on their population size and distribution, as well as the trends in these. Title of the event 25

26 Bird Monitoring Schemes in Poland Launched in 2007, the Bird Monitoring Scheme is part of the State Environmental Monitoring Programme supervised by the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection. The programme is funded entirely by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management. The prime objective of the programme is the monitoring of population status of the highest possible number of bird species with careful attention given to special protection areas for birds in the Natura 2000 network. Title of the event 26

27 Bird Monitoring Schemes in Poland Monitoring of Birds of Poland (MBP) is an extensive project, which includes 21 separate monitoring programmes designed to collect data on single species or groups of species, during both breeding, migration and wintering periods. In total, MBP covers 170 species, among which 150 are monitored during breeding season (65% of breeding avifauna), 26 in winter and 3 during migrations. The state of avian populations is characterized by two basic parameters: abundance (absolute or relative numbers, i.e., indices) and occupancy (range size). For selected species, reproduction indices are collected as well. MBP covers nearly 20% of the Polish territory in recent years, and over 800 highly skilled observers, both professionals and amateurs, take part in fieldwork. Each scheme employs monitoring methods appropriate to particular species or groups of species. Title of the event 27

28 Polish Society for the Protection of Birds Common Breeding Bird Monitoring Scheme Resident Aquatic Bird Monitoring Scheme Resident Seabird Monitoring Scheme European Roller Monitoring Scheme Great Snipe Monitoring Scheme Night Heron Monitoring Scheme Three-toed Woodpecker Monitoring Scheme Ornithological Station Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of Sciences Flagship Bird Species Monitoring Scheme Marsh Bird Monitoring Scheme Mediterranean Gull Monitoring Scheme Whooper Swan Monitoring Scheme Ferruginous Duck Monitoring Scheme Dunlin (schinzii) Monitoring Scheme Eagle Protection Committee Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme Golden Eagle Monitoring Scheme Spotted Eagle Monitoring Scheme Osprey Monitoring Scheme Society for the Protection of Owls Breeding Woodland Owls Monitoring Scheme For detailed information on particular schemes visit Title of the event 28

29 Multispecies surveys are conducted with highly standardized methods, allowing effective detection and high reliability of results. Single-species projects are designed to consider the species-specific biology in each case. Breeding bird populations are either censused (the whole national populations monitored) or sampled (surveys of populations within a sample of plots). Sampling plots are squares of 1 km 2, 2 km 2 or 100 km 2 size (depending on a programme), within which birds are counted along the transects (distance sampling approach), on observation points (with or without voice stimulation), within suitable habitats or in breeding colonies Title of the event 29

30 Title of the event 30

31 Title of the event 31

32 Title of the event 32

33 Title of the event 33

34 United Kingdom Title of the event 34

35 Title of the event 35

36 HUNGARY Title of the event 36

37 Title of the event 37

38 Monitoring in Ukraine Title of the event 38

39 Регіональні програми моніторингу IWC (~ 50 років), РОМ (5 серпневих обліків, 1 жовтневий) Моніторинг орнітофауни на заповідних територіях (Чорноморський БЗ, Дунайський БЗ, Шацький НПП.) Видові програми (білий лелека, чорний лелека, балабан, сірий журавель, дрохва, казарка червоновола..) Title of the event 39

40 Title of the event 40

41 Title of the event 41

42 Title of the event 42

43 Title of the event 43

44 Management plans for Natura 2000 sites Title of the event 44

45 THE GENERAL REPORT ON BIRD DIRECTIVE Section 4 Management plans While it is acknowledged that management plans are not a requirement under the Directive, this information is of special interest for understanding the instruments that Member States use to manage their SPA network, and also to find more specific information if needed. Only comprehensive management plans covering an entire SPA (or SPAs) and fulfilling the following minimum requirements should be reported: It should indicate the bird species and their localities for which conservation measures are planned. It should identify the actual status of the species and the desired status which should be reached through the conservation measures. It should define clear and achievable conservation objectives. It should identify the necessary measures together with the means and a time schedule which can contribute to meeting those objectives. The information requested includes both the overall number of sites for which comprehensive management plans have been proposed (field 4.1) and the percentage (%) of the network area covered by those management plans (field 4.2). In addition, Member States may report about the number of comprehensive management plans in preparation (field 4.3, optional). Title of the event 45

46 Some sites are designated for a single interest feature, but many sites have more than one. Inevitably, the management requirements of each interest feature will not be the same These issues must be resolved during the preparation of conservation objectives. It is necessary to consider prioritization of interest features. On larger sites it may be possible to accommodate different management treatments on different parts of the site. There may be benefits in a wider view of conservation priorities and adopting different approaches on different sites (whole network). Such an approach may deliver significant nature conservation benefits, but can only be achieved within the context of a regional/national strategy. Title of the event 46

47 Title of the event 47

48 Protected area management planning stepsc Title of the event 48

49 Title of the event 49

50 Title of the event 50

51 Guidelines on the content of Management Plans The elements most commonly found in Management Plans are outlined below. These are not necessarily chapter headings within a plan, although they may be. They may occur as headings in the plan, be lumped together or be split into smaller sections, depending on the complexities and characteristics of the area, the planning process used and the needs of the manager. Some of these elements may be absent, or additional ones added. Title of the event 51

52 Title of the event 52

53 Title of the event 53

54 Title of the event 54

55 Title of the event 55

56 Title of the event 56

57 Title of the event 57

58 The total number of Natura 2000 sites is about 27 thousands. Among them, with plans under the Habitats Directive for the EU-27 was in 2012, with an additional plans under preparation. There were SPAs with MPs, with a further plans in preparation at the end of Slovenia has MPs for all its SPAs, while Denmark, Finland and Sweden reported coverage above 80%. Bulgaria, Ireland, Poland and Slovakia all reported that they have no plans. Spain, Belgium and Germany reported the highest number of plans under preparation, with Spain reporting more than 500. Title of the event 58

59 Title of the event 59

60 Fact Sheets on Natura 2000 Management Planning in the Member States Situation in 2011 Title of the event 60

61 Title of the event 61

62 Depending on country - central (ministry, nature conservation agency etc.) or regional authorities Mainly - central (ministry, nature conservation agency etc.) or regional authorities, in some countries official approval is not necessary Title of the event 62

63 Title of the event 63

64 - Mostly external experts/organizations, in some cases responsible state authorities, but with involving external consultants Typical answer - The plans are discussed in round tables consisting stakeholders. Landowners are informed through public information sessions and individual talks. The members of the round tables are involved during the work on the MP, they are consulted on drafts and usually agree to the MP. Title of the event 64

65 2.5 How are the plans publicized are they publically available? Often MPs or summaries are published on internet. If not, land owners and users concerned may receive a copy and the plans are visible for everybody at the nature conservation authorities. In some countries the plans are not publicly available for everybody, because they show the exact locations of the sensitive protected species (which can not be made public according to the law). 3. Structure and Contents of Natura 2000 management plans Majority of the countries has standard template for MPs Title of the event 65

66 Title of the event 66

67 Title of the event 67

68 Title of the event 68

69 Title of the event 69

70 Title of the event 70

71 Title of the event 71

72 Title of the event 72

73 Title of the event 73

74 Title of the event 74

75 Title of the event 75

76 Спасибо за внимание! Title of the event 76