Cleaning waterproof clothing
|
|
- Elfrieda Parsons
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Cleaning waterproof clothing Most people are already aware that todayís waterproof clothing usually consists of an inner membrane or coating (that actually provides the waterproofing), and a textile outer layer normally treated with a so called 'DWR' finish we know as the repellent finish. Confusion seems to arise, however, when it comes to how such an article should be cleaned. - In these garments we find a lot of modern technology:- - The hydrophilic, breatheable coating or PTFE membrane. - The textile itself usually either polyester or nylon, possibly in micro fibre form, non of which were available before the 1940`s. - The `DWR` usually (but not always!) a fluorocarbon polymer, again not available till the 1950`s. - The zips and fasteners. - The garments fundamental design. So why does everybody want to wash this 21st century garment with soap, a product that has been available from the 5th century, especially when the brand leading membrane manufacturer (Gore-Tex) recommends using a detergent? It would seem that somewhere along the line somebody has commented that their DWR finishes can be damaged by detergents, so the only alternative would seem to be soap, so off everybody went. If soap is so good why is there a synthetic detergent industry, and why is soap virtually never used by the textile industry? A probable reason is the understanding of what constitutes a detergent. According to the chemical industry a detergent is a complex mixture of surfactants, builders, alkalis, bleaches, white dyes, softeners, enzymes and fragrances in short what we would refer to as washing powder. Soap is made by reacting fatty acids (usually from animal fat) with caustic alkali, the so called saponification reaction, to produce a surface active agent (surfactant) which consists of a hydrophilic head (water loving) and a hydrophobic tail (water hating). It functions as a washing aid by providing a bridge between the dirt and the water. Modern surfactants are made from feed stock from the oil industry to produce structures which consist of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. They function in exactly the same way as soap, providing a bridge between the dirt and the water. Because of the vast choice of starting materials and modern chemical techniques, the properties of these surfactants can literally be designed according to individual requirements, unlike soap where what you get is soap! 1 / 7
2 Going back to the DWR finish, current technology means that this is usually a fluorocarbon polymer applied to the textile by the fabric finisher under optimum conditions. There are four main contributors that can result in a lack of performance after domestic washing:- - Abrasion. - Lack of drying temperature. (some more modern polymers overcome this with a so called Line Air Dry behaviour) - Retained washing aid. - Alkaline washing conditions. Retained washing aid is hydrophilic so it interferes with the water-shedding performance of the garment. This is usually due to the washing aid containing non-ionic surfactants which are difficult to remove, and which demonstrate a phenomena known as `cloud point`. All non-ionic detergents have a cloud point at which they cease to be soluble in water; above this temperature no amount of rinsing will remove them from the article. Unfortunately cloud point is also directly related to foaming so what we find in washing powders is high amounts of low cloud point non-ionic surfactant, in combination with alkali, exactly what we donít want. So what we have done is to formulate a washing aid, which generates little foam, of neutral ph value, that can be easily rinsed away. With the correct choice of modern surfactants we have therefore created a product suitable for washing our high tech waterproofs that not only does not interfere with the DWR, but can also be used in hard water areas without scum formation, unlike SOAP. Which areas of the UK have hard water? Generally speaking, hard water is present in 60% of the land mass affecting around 80% of the population (especially in the eastern, central and southern areas of England) and to varying degrees in the rest of the UK. The water for some Northern cities is supplied from naturally soft water reservoirs in Wales and the Lake District. In Scotland and Northern Ireland, various levels of hardness occur. So if we take two samples of distilled water and two of hard tap water and place them in clear containers they look exactly the same. Pour one of these ìpure soapsî into one each of the distilled and tap water containers and you notice the cloudiness appearing in the hard water sample, while the distilled water remains clear. This is caused by the high alkalinity of the soap reacting with the hard water which leaves this scum or bloom as it is called on the washed garment. Now repeat the process taking our Anti-bac cleaner which is a specially formulated 21st century detergent and notice the difference. No cloudiness as both containers remain clear. 2 / 7
3 WHY AND HOW TO CARE FOR LEATHER LEATHER ORIGINS AND USES We are all familiar with leather and its origins, how together with wood it formed the basis of much ancient technology. Leather, due to its excellent abrasion and wind resistance, found a use in rugged occupations. The image of a cowboy in leather chaps gave way to the leather-jacketed and leather-helmeted aviator. When motorcycles were invented, some riders took to wearing heavy leather jackets to protect from grazing and wind blast; some also wear chaps or full leather trousers to protect the lower body. Many sports still use leather to help in playing the game or protecting players: due to its flexible nature it can be formed and flexed for the occasion. Today, most leather is made of cow hides, but many exceptions exist. Lamb, pig and deer skin are used for soft leather in more expensive apparels. Kangaroo leather is used to make items which need to be strong but flexible, such as motorcycle gloves. Kangaroo leather is favoured by motorcyclists specifically because of its lighter weight and higher abrasion resistance compared to cowhide. LEATHER STRUCTURE Before we can care for leather successfully we firstly have to understand its structure and what it actually consists of. Close investigation reveals it as a naturally ìwovenî material consisting of 76% protein, 14% water and 10% fat. Below the surface grain, the protein layer of stabilised collagen is arranged in a spaghetti type structure which gives the leather its strength, flexibility and durability. This under layer is more absorbent than the surface and benefits from regular conditioning and cleaning. Neglect allows the entry of dirt and results in abrasion cracking and ultimately breaking down the leather. Cared for leather goods can remain fully functional and in good condition for many years. Converting this hide at a tannery, regularly monitoring its ph and transforming it into usable finished leather can take in excess of two weeks of processing. At the end of this time the finished leather is usually given a series of finishing treatments including a final treatment of fluorocarbon to aid ultimate water repellency. TANNING PROCESSES 3 / 7
4 Vegetable-tanned leather is tanned using tannin (hence the name "tanning") and other ingredients found in vegetable matter, tree bark, and other such sources. It is supple, usually brown in colour, with the exact shade depending on the mix of chemicals and the original colour of the leather. Vegetable-tanned leather is not stable in water; it tends to discolour, and if left to soak and then dry it will shrink and become less supple and harder. Alum-tanned leather is tanned using aluminium salts mixed with a variety of binders and protein sources, such as flour, egg yolk, etc. Purists argue that alum-tanned leather is technically "tawed" and not tanned, as the resulting material will rot in water. Very light shades of leather are possible using this process, but the resulting material is not as supple as vegetable-tanned leather. Rawhide is made by scraping the skin thin, soaking it in lime, and then stretching it while it dries. Like alum-tanning, rawhide is not technically "leather", but is usually lumped in with the other forms. Rawhide is stiffer and more brittle than other forms of leather, and is primarily used in drum heads where it does not need to flex significantly; it is also cut up into cords for use in lacing or stitching. Chrome-tanned leather, invented in 1858, is tanned using chromium sulphate and other salts of chromium. It is more supple and pliable than vegetable-tanned leather, and does not discolour or lose shape as drastically in water as vegetable-tanned. More unusual colours are possible using chrome tanning. LEATHER TYPES Leather (usually vegetable-tanned leather) can be oiled or waxed to improve its water resistance. This supplements the natural oils remaining in the leather itself, which can be washed out through repeated exposure to water. Frequent treatment of leather keeps it soft and supple and improves its lifespan dramatically. However for leather uses like in walking boots where the over softening of leather is detrimental to their ultimate performance oils are not recommended but specialist waxes are preferred. Full-Grain leather is made from the finest raw material of clean natural hides which have not been sanded to remove imperfections, only the hair has been removed. The grain remains in its natural state which will allow the best fibre strength, resulting in greater durability. The natural grain also has natural breathability, resulting in greater comfort and will wear better than other leather. Rather than wearing out, it will develop a natural "Patina" and grow more beautiful over time. The finest furniture, and footwear, are made from Full Grain leather. Corrected-Grain Leather Corrected Leather is rough on one side and smooth on the other. The smooth side is the side where the hair and natural grain used to be. These hides, which are made from inferior quality raw materials, have all of the natural grain sanded off, and an artificial grain applied. Top grain leather generally must be heavily painted to cover up the sanding and 4 / 7
5 stamping process. Suede is an interior split of the hide and is rough on both sides. Suede is less durable than top-grain but is cheaper because many pieces of suede can be split from a single thickness of hide, whereas only one piece of top-grain can be made. However, manufacturers use a variety of techniques to make suede appear to be full-grain. For example, in one process, glue is mixed with one side of the suede, which is then pressed through rollers; these flatten and even out one side of the material, giving it the smooth appearance of full-grain. Cattle hide leather buffed on the grain side to give a velvety surface is known as Nubuck leather and should be treated in the same way as Suede. In creating this finish lower grades of hide can be used to keep pricing competitive against the use of full grain leather. There are two other descriptions of leather more commonly used in speciality products, such as briefcases, wallets, and luggage. Belting leather is full grain leather that was originally used in driving pulley belts and other machinery. It is often found on the surface of briefcases, portfolios, and wallets, and can be identified by its thick, firm feel and smooth finish. Belting leather is the only kind of leather used in luxury products that can retain its shape without the need for a separate frame; it is generally a heavy weight of full-grain, vegetable-tanned leather. Nappa leather, is extremely soft and supple, and is commonly found in high quality car upholstery, wallets, toiletry kits, and other personal leather goods. CLEANING AND CONDITIONING After using smooth leather items rinse or wipe over with a damp cloth then allow to dry naturally. Speciality light coloured leathers as used in car seats should be vacuumed first to remove dust prior to wiping over. Failure to do this, results in the dust being absorbed into the stitching and turning it an unsightly grey colour. Ideally you should store leather items at room temperature in a well ventilated room. High temperatures dry out leather causing cracking and low temperatures encourage the growth of mildew. Mould and mildew thrive in warm, dark, damp conditions. Penetrating deep into the leather they can weaken the fibres causing permanent damage. These mould spores will migrate to other items if stored together. Wipe over and treat with our silver based anti-bacterial deodorising spray to prevent further contamination. It is impossible to repair damage already done but treatment will cause the spores to lie dormant. Soft leather boot linings can be conditioned by light use of the our Smooth Leather Conditioner. Spray it into the leather to help keep it supple and from absorbing the salt produced by sweating which causes drying out and cracking. 5 / 7
6 WET LEATHER CARE Always prevent leather becoming saturated by using the correct conditioning treatments from new. Soft leather or leathers that need to remain supple should be initially treated with our Conditioning or Waterproofing spray but leathers used in a more testing environment like those used in walking boots should be treated with our Leather Conditioning Cream. Should leather become accidentally saturated it could easily stretch and become weakened, use the conditioning treatment on the leather before it becomes fully dry and then allow it to continue drying naturally. Apply a further light treatment to the leather when it is fully dry. Dirt should be removed from leather by using one of our spray cleaners or with our Leather and Saddle Soap and then rinse thoroughly to ensure removal of any damaging impurities including the salts found in sweat. After cleaning apply a conditioner to moisturise the leather and create a water repellent surface. This will then protect against dirt, salts and water penetrating the pores of the leather and damaging it. A light application of Leather Conditioner is also beneficial to new leather ensuring its longevity and comfort in use. DRY LEATHER CARE Although most people consider that leather should be preserved by creating a barrier against water on its surface, hot conditions are equally as threatening to its long term performance. The natural fibres of leather will break down with the passage of time. Acidic leathers are particularly vulnerable to a type of rot that is aggravated by high temperatures and relative humidities, and is irreversible. This rot is caused by prolonged storage or exposure to high relative humidity, environmental pollution, and high temperature. In particular, it occurs at ph values of 4.2 to 4.5. Sulphur dioxide converts to sulphuric acid which forms hydrogen peroxide. The peroxide combines with residual tannins in the leather to oxidize proteins, creating ammonium sulphate and ammonium bisulphate. This manifests itself as a characteristic powdering of the leather's surface, along with structural weakness through loss, delamination, and a possibly felt-like consistency. Exposure to long periods of low relative humidities (below 40%) can cause leather to become desiccated, irreversibly changing the fibrous structure of the leather. We have various treatments available to help prevent this such as cleaners, conditioners and waterproofers. These are absorbed into the structure of the leather item and need to be applied correctly so as not to leave a sticky film of active chemicals as this would attract stains. Use our Leather and Saddle Soap to keep leather clean and supple and then apply a conditioner to maintain this effect. Then use one of our Conditioning products to create an ideal environment for the leather to resist deterioration in this environment. DEODORISERS 6 / 7
7 Foot odour has always been associated with all sports activities but actually affects all footwear use. Even open toed leather sandals can give rise to smells when constructed together with man made soles. Deodorisers generally fall into two categories, those that attempt to mask the smell with by using a fragrance which are generally useless and those that attack the cause of the smell. Our Deodoriser attacks the smell by using the latest version of a trusted ancient technology to kill bacteria, a heavy metal. For over a thousand years people have used metals such as Mercury (with significant negative side effects) copper, silver etc. to successfully kill bacteria. Even Holy Communion is administered using a silver chalice as it successfully reduces the possibility of spread of disease. Our liquid silver deodoriser is heat activated by body temperature and is safe on skin. Sprayed on cold surfaces the silver lies dormant until coming into contact with body heat. Within 12 hours it has caused the pre-existing bacteria to cease to multiply and thereby cause the colony to die. Bacteria multiply by separating into two at approximately 20 minute intervals and remembering its DNA, it grows to be a clone of itself. Repeating this action over a matter of hours turns a small problem into one of the most talked about negative features of footwear. Spraying regularly with the deodoriser will kill the bacteria and prevent re-infestation. This product can also be safely used in gloves, hats or anywhere that is prone to the growth of bacteria. 7 / 7
Leather Training Guide. Compiled by Carrie Farmer, EBS LLC Manufacturer Representative of Fine Furniture & Accessories
Leather Training Guide Compiled by Carrie Farmer, EBS LLC Manufacturer Representative of Fine Furniture & Accessories Leather Marketplace Wide selection in: Price Types Quality Construction Workmanship
More informationGuardian Protection Leather Care Program
Guardian Protection Leather Care Program FOOD FOR THOUGHT: While leather is the most durable upholstery used for furniture today and can last for years, proper care, such as frequent cleaning and conditioning,
More informationArla WOODEN CARE GUIDE BY DIRECT OUTDOOR LIVING
Arla WOODEN GUIDE BY DIRECT OUTDOOR LIVING This care guide will guide you on how to get the best from your Direct Outdoor Living garden furniture. Acacia Care The Acacia used in our products is highly
More informationCTL LEATHER INC. About Leather Care & Maintenance CTL LEATHER INC
CTL LEATHER INC. About Leather Care & Maintenance BASIC CARE OF LEATHER Keep leather looking new by vacuuming or dusting with a clean, dry cloth weekly. If necessary, gently wipe spots with clean cloth
More informationPALLISER LEATHER 101 EXCLUSIVES & ESSENTIALS
PALLISER LEATHER 101 EXCLUSIVES & ESSENTIALS LEATHER IS MORE THAN JUST THE AESTHETIC BEAUTY OF A NATURAL, UNIQUE PRODUCT. IT S ABOUT HAVING FURNITURE THAT REFLECTS THE STORY OF YOUR LIFE. Leather is the
More informationCARE & MAINTENANCE Tips for the maintanance of Sofacompany furniture
CARE & MAINTENANCE Tips for the maintanance of Sofacompany furniture 1 Januar 2017 CONTENT Upholstered furniture... 4 Materials & Impregnating... 10 Leather & Maintenance... 12 Qualities of our textiles...
More informationZANOTTA S WORLD OF LEATHER
ZANOTTA S WORLD OF LEATHER The goal of this brief guide is to describe the principal production phases of the leather used by Zanotta for furniture, their types, diversities and unique characteristics.
More informationWINTER Collection
WINTER 2018 Collection Founded in 1975 by Karl and Hildegard Zeppel, Green Cross Shoes combine classic style with uncompromising comfort. Crafted from the finest genuine leathers and superior quality materials,
More informationcontents An introduction to varnishes & varnishing 3 The correct equipment for the job 10 The varnishing process 19
varnishes contents An introduction to varnishes & varnishing 3 The correct equipment for the job 10 The varnishing process 19 A brief introduction to wood types 35 Introduction to high quality varnishes
More informationU.S. General Services Administration Historic Preservation Technical Procedures
1 of 6 8/20/2010 8:22 AM U.S. General Services Administration Historic Preservation Technical Procedures 06400-02 SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR REMOVING PAINT FROM INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR WOOD SURFACES This
More informationBanc. zenithinteriors.com
Banc Banc The lounge system for many possible combinations. ARMCHAIR, OTTOMAN, BARSTOOL,, FEATURES Banc is a lively, open meeting point. A place for conversations held in confidence or simply a comfortable
More informationWhite Paper: Challenges with Leather Work Gloves: Introducing the Limitless Leather Solution Eric Jaeger Ironclad Performance Wear 9/22/2017
Running Head: CHALLENGES WITH LEATHER WORK GLOVES White Paper: Challenges with Leather Work Gloves: Introducing the Limitless Leather Solution Eric Jaeger Ironclad Performance Wear 9/22/2017 CHALLENGES
More informationSpinneybeck. How To Buy. Leather. Sound Advice for Selecting Quality Upholstery Leather
Spinneybeck How To Buy Leather Sound Advice for Selecting Quality Upholstery Leather We invite you to see and feel the difference between the two leather samples. Spinneybeck Full Grain Leather Full Grain
More informationTextiles: Secret Life of Fabrics
Instructed by Jade Carlin Textiles: Secret Life of Fabrics Week Five: Non-Wovens, Composites, Dyeing & Finishing, Testing Non-wovens Fibers are joined by mechanical or chemical means No distinct pattern
More informationThe True Nature and Value of Leather in Footwear
The True Nature and Value of Leather in Footwear from the LeatherNaturally! programme www.leathernaturally.org 1 Contents The Value of Leather... 3 The Benefits of Leather... 4 The Performance of Leather...
More informationKent Kings Cross Bench KKCB5500
Kings Cross Bench Kent Kings Cross Bench Specify: Kent Kings Cross Bench ; 5500mm overall length; European Oak Timber (IFSE Certified) treated with Danish Oil; Grade 316L Stainless Steel; Bead Blasted
More informationHow to care for leather shoes. Owner guide
How to care for leather shoes Owner guide Alice Brodbeck 2018. All rights reserved. This document is protected by copyright. No part of this document may be distributed or reproduced in any form or by
More informationTHE. Ultimate FURNITURE FABRIC GUIDE
THE Ultimate FURNITURE FABRIC GUIDE THE Ultimate FURNITURE FABRIC GUIDE When you re looking for furniture, it s important to find the right fabric. Whether you plan to remodel your living room or redecorate
More informationoperations & maintenance
operations & maintenance GUIDE CONTENTS: 3 4 5 6 6 7 CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF TABLES Soap treated tables Oil treated tables Lacquered tables Laminate Glass 8 9 10 11 12 12 12 12 CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF
More information380 Swimming Pool Paint
Issued 21 st April 2010 PRODUCT DATA SHEET UNPAINTED CEMENT 380 Swimming Pool Paint SURFACE PREPARATION New cement or render should be allowed to cure for at least 21-28 days before any preparation is
More informationFinishes and Finishing Techniques
Finishes and Finishing Techniques TED 126 Spring 2007 Review pages 147-150, 284-294 Finishes and finishing techniques The finishing process to choose depends partly on the type of wood and the appearance
More informationBUYING GUIDE POÄNG. Seating series. DESIGN Noboru Nakamura. MODELS Armchair Rocking chair Footstool
BUYING GUIDE POÄNG Seating series DESIGN Noboru Nakamura MODELS Armchair Rocking chair Footstool Removable cover Choice of cover Genuine leather Washable cover Washable cover Stock item You choose the
More informationLEATHER. Lugafast Dyes. Reactive dyes for drum dyeing. Reversible (highly dependent on ph)
Technical Information LEATHER TI/P 3712 e October 2008 Page 1 of 7 www.basf.com/leather = Registered trademark of BASF SE Lugafast Dyes Reactive dyes for drum dyeing Lugafast dyes are a new, innovative
More informationmaintenance guide For more details about Blanchon products and the maintenance of wood floors, please contact your specialist.
For more details about Blanchon products and the maintenance of wood floors, please contact your specialist. Est. 1832 BLANCHON SA 28, rue Charles MARTIN - BP 105-69192 SAINT-FONS CEDEX Tél.: 0033 (0)4
More informationProlong the life of your furniture
CARE GUIDE UK Prolong the life of your furniture Min. 20-30 cm distance from heat sources Do not place in direct sunlight Most furniture requires regular maintenance Congratulations on your new furniture!
More informationDelivers Comfort. ph neutral. 100% cotton
ph neutral! 100% cotton Texon Delivers Comfort Texon International is the world s leading producer of structural footwear materials and has pioneered insoling materials technology for over 50 years. To
More informationA PROMISE OF QUALITY
A PROMISE OF QUALITY Our heartiest congratulations on owning a Domicil product! Since 1978, we have earned our reputation as one of Germany s leading home furnishings brand that is synonymous with inspiring
More informationSoap Fabrication. 1. Introduction [1]
1. Introduction [1] Soap Fabrication The main uses of soap include bathing, washing, cleaning and other types of housekeeping. Soap acts as surfactant because it has surface active properties. When Soaps
More informationThe only bull...is the hide.
The only bull......is the hide. Camira Fabrics Ltd, The Watermill, Wheatley Park, Mirfield, West Yorkshire, UK, WF14 8HE T +44 (0)1924 490591 Sales: UK (01924) 490491, Int. +44 1924 491666 F +44 (0)1924
More informationAPPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS
APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS Protects, Restores and Refinishes Furniture Trailer and Van Floors The High Gloss Version of Proven FloorRestore READ THIS FIRST BEFORE YOU START! KeyTransportationProducts.com
More informationAn extensive collection of seating and tables for everyone who wants everything.
Crona Crona An extensive collection of seating and tables for everyone who wants everything. CHAIR, EASY CHAIR, BARSTOOL, LIGHT CHAIR, LIGHT, FEATURES Crona is a spherically shaped seating collection that
More informationMold Release, Break-In, Maintenance and Storage. Linda Bergstrom
Mold Release, Break-In, Maintenance and Storage Linda Bergstrom Mold Release Requirements Form a barrier between the mold and molded part Provide a lubricating film which allows the molded part to be easily
More informationThank you for choosing G Plan Vintage
OWNER S GUIDE Thank you for choosing G Plan Vintage We hope that your G Plan Vintage furniture will draw admiring glances and give you many years of stylish comfort. G Plan Vintage is created in collaboration
More informationTechnical Data Pack: The Chelsea Collection
Technical Data Pack: The Chelsea Collection Page 1: Working with Yarwood Leather Page 2: Range Information Page 3: Colour Offering Page 4: Technical Information Page 5: Fire Certification: Crib 5 Page
More informationSURFACE FINISH MAINTENANCE
SURFACE FINISH MAINTENANCE SURFACE FINISH MAINTENANCE Lumec strongly recommends that you maintain your luminaires twice a year in order to prolong the appearance of the finished surface. By following this
More information> Appearance Factors > Health and Hygiene > Technical Specification > Sustainability
THE WOOL FACT SHEET WHY ULSTER WOOL? Ulster Carpets has been producing wool rich carpets since 1938. In choosing an Ulster carpet you are reaping all the benefits that a wool rich carpet has to offer as
More informationFor assistance with assembly, please contact Customer Care Center
ITEM NAME: Boomer & George Elevated Rabbit Hutch-White Wash SKU: XCD010-1 / XCD010-2 For assistance with assembly, please contact Customer Care Center 1-888-880-4884 1/5 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:! THIS
More informationStudent Sheet. P003S: Making Paint with Minerals
Student Sheet In this practical I will be: Creating egg tempera paints and oil paints from different types of minerals. Evaluating the different paints, looking at various aspects, including: o what colours
More informationPAINT SYSTEMS Polyester yachts
PAINT SYSTEMS Polyester yachts Polyester osmosis renovation Polyester osmosis repair Polyester below the waterline Polyester above the waterline Polyester decks Polyester superstructure Polyester interior
More informationDULUX WOODGARD EXTERIOR TIMBAPRESERVATIVE
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET Version 1 2015 SEPTEMBER THIS ISSUE SUPERSEDES ALL PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Deep penetrating wood treatment for exterior wood. PRODUCT USES A penetrating wood dressing
More informationLooking after silver CONSERVATION INFORMATION SHEET. Silver components. Silver damage and how to reduce it
CONSERVATION INFORMATION SHEET This sheet explains how to clean silver and how to slow down the corrosion process. Looking after silver Silver components Silver is a white metal that is quite soft and
More informationProfiles for floors of same height Proclassic Proclassic F
PROFILPAS S.P.A. VIA EINSTEIN, 38 35010 CADONEGHE (PADOVA) ITALY TEL. +39 (0)49 8878411 +39 (0)49 8878412 FAX. +39 (0)49-706692 EMAIL: INFO@PROFILPAS.COM Profiles for floors of same height Proclassic Proclassic
More information2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
More informationOUR HARDWOOD FLOORS. Learn what makes our floors so unique
OUR HARDWOOD FLOORS Learn what makes our floors so unique In Europe, many floors installed in public spaces from city halls to museums are oiled-floors that were installed some 30 to 50 years ago. A well
More informationSketchpaint. Ideal for turning any smooth surface into a whiteboard. Ready to use in 5 days
Sketchpaint Ideal for turning any smooth surface into a whiteboard SketchPaint - A whiteboard straight out of a tin! White Gloss or Transparent Finish Simple application Tin size available: 3m² or 6m²
More informationThe Laneway collection contains 15 authentic timber designs, hand selected for you by a team of experts in Interior Design. Each plank feature knot
The Laneway collection contains 15 authentic timber designs, hand selected for you by a team of experts in Interior Design. Each plank feature knot and grain detailing, incorporating a mix of modern and
More informationPa For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service ITEM NAME: Belham Living Vella Eucalyptus Porch Swing - White
ITEM NAME: Belham Living Vella Eucalyptus Porch Swing - White SKU: TDJ25 For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service -888-880-4884 Pa- - /5 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:! DO NOT LET CHILDREN
More informationPa For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service
ITEM NAME: Belham Living Vella Eucalyptus Adirondack Chair -White SKU: TDJ115 For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service 1-888-880-4884 Pa- 1-1 1/5 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:! DO NOT
More informationVICINITY WHITEBOARD PAINT. Installation Guidelines
VICINITY WHITEBOARD PAINT Installation Guidelines Components Installation Kit Preparation Whiteboard Paint Aerated Stir Stick Drop Sheet Universal Undercoat Base Activator Cutting-In Roller Filling-In
More informationAMERICAN WHITE OAK CARE AND MAINTENANCE
AMERICAN WHITE OAK A classic material in American design. We elevate the most underutilized parts of the tree, focusing on character, durability and beauty. Our American White Oak is locally-sourced using
More informationAdvantages of Wool Apparels
Advantages of Wool Apparels Comfort, life style, luxury Wool apparel looks good is something special in Style, Fashion, Colour, surface. Wool apparels will be recognised Attractive looking is depending
More informationRay RAY CHAIR, CONFERENCE CHAIR, LOUNGE EASY CHAIR, LOUNGE HIGH BACK CHAIR, OTTOMAN & TABLE
Ray Ray A family of chairs and tables that transform spaces into comfort zones. RAY CHAIR, CONFERENCE CHAIR, LOUNGE EASY CHAIR, LOUNGE HIGH FEATURES With a clear design, the Ray family of chairs and tables
More informationMason. zenithinteriors.com
Mason Mason Mason s modular design gives you the freedom to create a myriad of configurations with a single range of furniture. MASON SOFA & MODULAR LOUNGE, MASON HIGHBACK SOFA & MODULAR LOUNGE FEATURES
More informationThe Cedar Doctor s. Preserve your Home & Equity 10+ Industry Tips Inside! Restore Preserve Maintain.
The Cedar Doctor s Preserve your Home & Equity 10+ Industry Tips Inside! www.cedardoctor.co.nz With a little care and maintenance, your cedar wood can be looking great for decades! What is Cedar Wood?
More informationNOTE: This product can be used externally if UV Guard is added (BY REQUEST ONLY).
Product Description PHOENIX PAINTS MAXICOAT 100 is a 2 Pack Water-Dispersed Top Coat which not only exhibits the physical and chemical strengths of epoxy, but also the safety and convenience of water as
More informationMosaico. zenithinteriors.com
Mosaico Mosaico A collection of tessellating seating and occasional tables. MOSAICO TABLE & SOFA FEATURES Inspired by the town of Valencia, Mosaico is described by the designers as a puzzle with more than
More informationDULUX UNIVERSAL UNDERCOAT
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET Version 1 2015 JUNE THIS ISSUE SUPERSEDES ALL PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Intermediate coating for use under decorative topcoats, for interior and exterior use PRODUCT
More informationTextiles: any product made from fibers. Fibers: the raw materials in which fabric is made. They are long, thin and hair-like.
Textiles: any product made from fibers. Fibers: the raw materials in which fabric is made. They are long, thin and hair-like. Yarn is made of.staple fibers: ( short fibers) Filaments: (long fibers) Twist
More informationContains chemicals to make approximately 24 8 x 10 prints
Catalog Number 07-0090 PHOTOGRAPHERS' FORMULARY P.O. Box 950 Condon MT 59826 800-922-5255 FAX 406-754-2896 Cyanotype Kit Contains chemicals to make approximately 24 8 x 10 prints The popular and inexpensive
More informationTextiles. Natural and Synthetic Fibers
Textiles Natural and Synthetic Fibers Two different Types of Fibers Natural Synthetic or Manufactured Natural- Protein Fibers Come from animal sources Examples Silk (from cocoon of silkworm) Wool (from
More informationGLAZED WALL DECOR SHADOWS GLOSSY MATTE COMBINATIONS
SHADOWS COLLECTION GLAZED WALL DECOR SHADOWS GLOSSY MATTE 10 14 COMBINATIONS 3 TONAL HUES FORM A DYNAMIC BACKDROP SHADOWS White Matte 4 x / Black Matte 4 x SHADOWS Ash Grey Matte 4 x / Deep Grey Matte
More informationWelcome To The SewingCourse.com
Welcome To The SewingCourse.com Exercise 6 - Fabrics & Trimmings. Fabrics are made from fibres and they are divided into two categories. Natural and manmade. The naturals, which are Cotton, Silk, Linen
More informationFor assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center
ITEM NAME: Belham Living Avondale Outdoor Adirondack Chair SKU: NWF06 -, NWF06-, NWF09-, NWF09- For assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center -888-880-4884 /7 /7 PRE-ASSEMBLY
More informationFLOORING CLEANING/CARE RENOVATION
FLOORING CLEANING/CARE RENOVATION CARE AND CLEANING I LOVE WOOD. IT SMELLS GOOD AND FEELS GREAT. 2 GOOD TO KNOW: FLOOR CARE AT HOME HOME Wood flooring feels warm, is hard-wearing and easy to care. To preserve
More informationSubject: Fabric studies. Unit 5 - Other textile fabrics. Quadrant 1 e-text
Subject: Fabric studies Unit 5 - Other textile fabrics Quadrant 1 e-text Learning Objectives The learning objectives of this unit are: Understand fabrics made from fibres and yarns. Understand composite
More informationTRADITION IN LEATHER SINCE 1683
TRADITION IN LEATHER SINCE 1683 CHAMOIS TANNED LEATHER Dear friends of the House Meindl, real suede has always been more than just a material for our family. For many decades we have been dedicating
More informationFor assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center
ITEM NAME: Coral Coast Lindos 3 Piece Folding Patio Bistro Set SKU: NWF080-1 For assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center 1-888-880-4884 1 1/6 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:!
More informationLaying and maintenance of cement tiles
Laying and maintenance of cement tiles David&Goliath cement tiles are manufactured under licence in the Far East, according to our standards and specifications concerning colour and dimensional stability;
More information380 Swimming Pool Paint
Issued 21 st June 2011 PRODUCT DATA SHEET 380 Swimming Pool Paint SURFACE PREPARATION If your pool has been previously painted but you are unsure as to whether or not it was with chlorinated rubber or
More informationG L O ME S H SCRU B B I N G PADS
G L O ME S H SCRU B B I N G PADS D E E P C L E AN I N G The flexibility of each Glomesh pad enables it to deliver deep cleaning over "Peaks and Valleys" on any surface O PE N W E B D E S I GN Dissipates
More informationITEM NAME:Carmona Faux Wood Slat Extension Table SKU: ALZ For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service /5
ITEM NAME:Carmona Faux Wood Slat Extension Table SKU: ALZ1016-1 For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service 1-888-880-4884 1/5 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION: DO NOT LET CHILDREN PLAY IN OR
More informationCreams, Ointments, Scrubs & Soaps
Creams, Ointments, Scrubs & Soaps An ointment is beeswax melted in an oil. You get a lotion, if you add a cup of clean water and blend it slowly together. You need to use an electric blender that the emulsion
More informationSign Maintenance. Sign Maintenance
When does it start? Maintenance should start before the ordered signs arrive. An area should be set aside for the storage of stock and replacement signs. Area should include racks where signs can be stacked
More informationFor assistance with assembly, please contact the Customer Care Center
ITEM NAME: BELHAM LIVING BRIGHTON OUTDOOR STORAGE DECK BOX WITH CUSHION SKU: TDJ149-1 For assistance with assembly, please contact the Customer Care Center 1-888-880-4884 1 1/5 PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:!
More informationStunning. Sustainable. Superior. Introducing
A Modern Classic Introducing Stunning. You ve Never Seen Hardwood Like This. Long wide planks. With 100% hardwood core for stability and long-lasting performance, finished beautifully with Best-in-Class
More informationCreative Leather Furniture Manufacturers Warranty Limited Lifetime! Limited Lifetime! Limited Lifetime! Limited Lifetime! Limited Lifetime!
Creative Leather Furniture Manufacturers Warranty This warranty is non-transferable, given to the original owner by Creative Leather Furniture and applies only to merchandise built in the Creative Leather
More informationResidential Treated Wood Use Category Guide
Residential Use Category Guide wood products are treated with preservative technology, a revolutionary way to pressure treat wood for decks, fences, landscaping and general exterior construction uses.
More informationFor assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center
ITEM NAME: Belham Living Kimbro Lutyens Outdoor Wood Bench with Cushion SKU: TDJ168 For assistance with assembly, please contact Hayneedle Customer Care Center 1-888-880-4884 1 1/ PRE-ASSEMBLY PREPARATION:
More informationDo it yourself! Tips for best results
Refinishing and caring for wooden floors Retailer AURO Pflanzenchemie AG Alte Frankfurter Straße 211 D-38122 Braunschweig Phone: +49 531 28141-0 Fax: +49 531 28141-61 export@auro.de www.auro.de 05/ 06
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL ASTRID SOFA TABLE ITEM CODE: 13AST10SC
Imported by Furniture Solutions (Aust) Pty Ltd 10-16 Daisy St, Revesby, NSW. 2212 www.furnituresolutions.com.au INSTRUCTION MANUAL ASTRID SOFA TABLE ITEM CODE: 13AST10SC Imported by Furniture Solutions
More informationNOSTALGIA OILS AND WAXES
NOSTALGIA OILS AND WAXES Maintain the warmth and original touch of the wood. Tikkurila Nostalgia product family consists of oils and waxes made of natural ingredients and they change the wooden surface
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. SI No Contents Page No.
TABLE OF CONTENTS SI No Contents Page No. 1 Basic Textile Wet Processing Terms 1 2 Sequence of operations in Wet processing 2 3 Brief Note on jigger machine 3 4 Details of jigger machine 4 5 Operating
More informationAdirondack Chair BUILD TIME
There are many variations of the classic adirondack chair. This particular version features straightforward construction and common materials. This chair makes for a satisfying project that can be built
More informationGENERAL INFORMATION. Types of wood surface protection. Recommendations for the care of garden architecture products
GENERAL INFORMATION Types of wood surface protection In order to protect wood, we apply vacuum-pressure treatment in an autoclave, during which the wood preservative is pressed into its structure. The
More informationWilkhahn. Care & Maintenance
Wilkhahn. Care & Maintenance Wilkhahn. Care & Maintenance. Veneer Instructions Veneer - Day to day maintenance - Gently wipe down the surface of the table with a clean cloth, slightly dampened in water.
More informationMarbling Please read through the directions before starting.
Marbling Please read through the directions before starting. For cotton, silk or any fabric that is absorbent including cotton/polyester blends, 100% polyester or nylon. It is possible to marble on any
More informationLUXAPOOL EPOXY POOL COATING APPLICATION GUIDE. New Cement Pools
LUXAPOOL EPOXY POOL COATING APPLICATION GUIDE New Cement Pools 1. The render should consist of fresh cement and pure, clean sand only. Allow the render to cure for a minimum of 21 days prior to any preparation
More informationMaintenance Guide for pre oiled floors
1 Maintenance Guide for pre oiled floors Congratulations! By opting for the quality of Solū wood flooring and the elegance of our exclusive collections, you have made the right choice! Follow the instructions
More informationCORROSION EXPERTISE OWATROL OIL.
CORROSION EXPERTISE OWATROL OIL www.owatrol.com OWATROL OIL Used for over 60 years throughout the world, Owatrol has played an important part in interior and exterior maintenance painting for leading industrial
More informationFORMULARY P.O. Box 950 Condon MT FAX
Catalog Number 07-0080 PHOTOGRAPHERS' FORMULARY P.O. Box 950 Condon MT 59826 800-922-5255 FAX 406-754-2896 Van Dyke Brown Printing Kit Contains chemicals to make approximately 100 4 x 5 prints As the name
More informationSHIPLOCK CLADDING PRODUCT GUIDE INSTALLATION TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS CARE & MAINTENANCE
SHIPLOCK CLADDING PRODUCT GUIDE INSTALLATION TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS CARE & MAINTENANCE SHIPLOCK CLADDING CN-04E / CN-04W / CN-W008 Prior to the installation of any form of Cladding, it is recommended
More informationPage For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service ITEM NAME: Belham Living Shoreline Adirondack Rocker
ITEM NAME: Belham Living Shoreline Adirondack Rocker SKU: TDJ068 / TDJ069 / TDJ117 / TDJ118 / TDJ119 For assistance with assembly, please contact customer service 1-888-880-4884 Page - 1-1 1/5 PRE-ASSEMBLY
More informationMagnetpaint & Sketchpaint
Magnetpaint & Sketchpaint Turn any smooth surface into a magnetically receptive whiteboard MagnetPaint is an exciting product that allows you to paint your own magnetic surface on any flat area. SketchPaint
More informationTechnical Data Pack: Dollaro Faux Leather
Technical Data Pack: Dollaro Faux Leather Page 1: Working with Yarwood Leather Page 2: Range Information Page 3: Colour Offering Page 4: Technical Information Page 5: Fire Certification: Cigarette and
More informationFiddes Premier Water-based Floor Lacquers
FLOOR FINISHES Fiddes Premier Water-based Floor Lacquers PREMIER HP FLOOR LACQUER Fiddes Premier HP Floor Lacquer is a high performance, water based, 1 component self cross linking 100% Polyurethane floor
More informationTutorial: Rein Rounder Use
Tutorial: Rein Rounder Use Rein rounders are used to make a rounded cross section profile in leather. Some common applications are handles, dog collars and leashes, horse tack, and leather belting for
More informationCHAPTER 4 INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL FILAMENT FINENESS ON COMFORT CHARACTERISTICS OF MOISTURE MANAGEMENT FINISHED POLYESTER KNITTED FABRICS
75 CHAPTER 4 INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL FILAMENT FINENESS ON COMFORT CHARACTERISTICS OF MOISTURE MANAGEMENT FINISHED POLYESTER KNITTED FABRICS 4.1 INTRODUCTION Filament fineness represents an essential and
More informationGRANORTE. delivering nature
GRANORTE delivering nature Cork is the outer bark of the cork oak tree, which grows mainly in the Mediterranean region of the world. This tree has a life span of about 200 years. Each cork tree must be
More informationAPPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS
APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS For Wood Truck and Trailer Floors For Industrial Use Only READ THIS FIRST BEFORE YOU START! www.keytransportationproducts.com APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Planning...3-4
More informationVox VOX TASK CHAIR & DRAFTING CHAIR. A flexible and dynamic task and drafting chair.
Vox A flexible and dynamic task and drafting chair. TASK CHAIR & DRAFTING CHAIR FEATURES Vox task chair and drafting chair are versatile in style, functionality and customisation, for ideal comfort and
More information