Commerce and Industry/Men and Women at Work
|
|
- Virgil Ball
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Commerce and Industry/Men and Women at Work
2 Nationalism and Economic Growth Federalist Party - practically over by 1815, but the economic prosperity that it promoted was not. New wave of Democratic-Republicans adopted economic development as a major goal + supported the growing geographic size of the country. Madison recommended the renewal of the national bank s charter in message to Congress in 1815 This was a reflection of how much the Democratic-Republican policies had changed since advocates had fought so bitterly against Hamilton when the first bank was chartered during Washington s time in office. Protective tariff - A tax on goods designed to protect American-made products Was made by Madison to to raise government revenues and promote manufacturing. Tariff of raised tariff rates to protect American manufacturers from the flood of British goods that threatened American markets once the British war with France ended and British manufacturing returned to normal.
3 Nationalism and Economic Growth Madison recognized Jeffersonian republicanism when he denied that the federal government had the constitutional authority to build local roads and canals, but a new gen. of congressional leaders supported federal funds for such projects. Democratic-Republicans John C. Calhoun of South Carolina and Henry Clay of Kentucky both believed that federally financed roads and canals were part of a larger picture of economic health, along with a protective tariff to stimulate industry and a national bank to coordinate the govt s spending. Economic growth, in that time, became a symbol that unified the country and built nationalistic pride, although regional differences remained, with the South generally less supportive of a tariff than were New England and the Middle Atlantic States, since the South benefitted less and was more dependent on overseas markets for its agricultural products.
4 James Madison Alexander Hamilton John C. Calhoun Henry Clay Thomas Jefferson
5 Early Industrialization Industrial Revolution - began during the 18th cen. In Britain, and then it spread to the U.S by the early 19th cen. The Industrial Rev. was an economic change in the source of energy for work. Before, energy was provided primarily through human and animal effort. It was basic principle that civilizations had always been organized around, and had built economic, social, and political structures to support it. Agricultural societies used many arrangements: serfs toiled for lords; small farmers labored in their own fields; governments ordered workers to construct public buildings; and plantation owners bought and sold people to work for them. The sub. of human and animal labor with machine power changed basic civilization forever, and although it did not eliminate old forms of work entirely, the relationship of people to work was fundamentally altered. Early inventions that changed the source of energy first used moving water and then steam to operate large machines in mills and factories, and the experimentation began first in Britain. Industrialization consisted of two types of changes: technological innovation and organizational changes. Technological innovations made it possible to produce goods by machines rather than by hand, and organizational changes moved the place of work from homes and farms to factories. Instead of agricultural needs determining the division of labor, work was divided according to what was necessary to make the machinery more complex, and more expensive, large businesses with plenty of capital were encouraged to form.
6 The Market Revolution in North America British trade stimulated the spread of industrialization across the Atlantic to North America, where natural resources and available land space encouraged economic development. The changes from manual to machine labor combined with new and faster means of transportation and communication to shape the market revolution that emerged in the U.S during the early 19th century. The first American textile mill was built in Rhode Island in 1791 by Samuel Slater, a former worker in an English factory Industry concentrated on processing NA s abundant food and lumber resources. Iron and steel industries rapidly developed during the late 19th cen. Most early industry flourished along the northeastern coast of the U.S, where despite a lack of abundant natural resources, the large populations from Boston in industrial products. New York City became one of the world s largest ports, with a huge skilled and semiskilled labor force, and a fine natural harbor for break-of-bulk from ships to trains and trucks and vice versa. By the middle years of the 19th cen., the U.S had developed the beginnings of a modern capitalist economy had an advanced industrial capacity. Created enormous wealth and changed the face of all areas in the nation, but not equally to each person. Some classes and regions benefited from the economic development far more than others.
7 William James Bennett, View of South Street, from Maiden Lane, New York City, ca. 1827
8 The Expansion of Business and the Emergence of the Factory Business grew because of population, transportation revolution, and new practices Retain distribution became more efficient with specialty stores in cities Individual plus small merchant capitalist companies dominated, but some larger businesses gave way to corporations. Combined resources of large number of shareholders. Grew 1830s b/c states passed easy incorporation laws. Limited liability meant stockholder risked only value of investment if corp failed Great demand for capital led businesses to rely on credit, but gold and silver standards of govt led to too little money, led private banks to issue less stable notes Bank failures frequent, insecure deposits. Credit difficulty limited growth Before War of 1812, most manufacturing occurred in private households in small workshops. Technology and demand led to factories. Began in New England textile industry, large water-driven machines increased production 1820s factory system in shoe industry, by 1830s it spread throughout Northeast. By 1860 value of manufactured goods roughly equal to agricultural goods. Largest manufacturers located in the Northeast, and large amount of people were employed.
9 The Factory System and Social Class Factory system created a strict division between workers and managers, as well as a small group of factory owners who bought the equipment and machinery. As the wealth of the latter group increased, the pay workers generally did not, and the gap between the rich and the poor grew substantially. The managers often became a part of the urban middle class, although they might aspire to factory ownership if they could only raise the substantial amount of capital necessary. New divisions of labor on the factory floor, where each worker performed the same task over and over, was often quite tedious, and workers who had been artisans before now had to place in the factory setting. Jobs were broken down into tasks so small that unskilled workers (or even children) with low wages could perform them. Managers were expected to pressure workers to speed up production, often at the expense of their safety.
10 The Factory System and Social Class The lower class in urban areas were the laborers who worked in the factories, and a substantial number also worked in mines owned by the elite. Most had fewer skills than artisans of earlier periods, and they generally worked for low wages and lived in crowded urban housing or in company-towns in mining areas. Factory work was dirty and tedious, and few factory owners protected their workers against dangerous substances or circumstances. Without safety provisions, the workers were prone to accidents. Incomes were so low that workers normally spent between two-thirds and three-fourths of their budget on food. Work hours were long, and usually all able-bodied family members worked outside their homes (including women and children). Massachusetts 1825, the daily wage of an unskilled worker was about ⅔ that of a mechanic; two decades later it was less than half as much. Immigrants who worked in the clothing industry in New York City in the 1850s earned less than $80 a year.
11 The Textile Industry Textile Industry experimented with more efficient, less expensive ways to produce goods, particularly cotton. Coton had been produced by hand in China, India, and the Middle East for many years, but like porcelain, it was expensive for Europeans to import, though wealthy people often preferred it to wool. Beginning in the 1760s, a series of innovations made it possible to produce cotton cloth in Britain, although the climate wasn t adequate to grow the plant since it was too cold. The first was the spinning jenny that twisted cotton fibers into thread. Once thread production speeded up, inventors were inspired to come up with machines to weave the cloth produced. By the 1830s, large English textile mills were performing the entire process of transforming raw cotton into printed cloth at lower prices for the invention of the cotton gin in 1793 increased the amount of cotton that farms in the American South were able to produce, so America became a major supplier to the British textile mills. Cotton gin: a device that separated the cotton fibers from the boll, or seed.
12 The Spinning Jenny
13 Transformation of the Shoe Industry Shoe industry was concentrated in eastern Massachusetts. Shoes were still largely handmade, but manufacturers were beginning to employ people who specialized in one or another of the various tasks involved in production. Some factories began producing large numbers of identical shoes in ungraded sizes and without distinction as to rights and lefts. By 1830s, factory production was spreading from textiles and shoes into other industries and from New England to other areas of the Northeast.
14 The Industrial Northeast There were approx. 140,000 manufacturing establishments in the country in 1860 throughout the country, and only 74,000 were located in the Northeast. Northeast plants were so large that the region produced more than two-thirds of the nation s manufactured goods. Of the 1,311,000 workers in manufacturing in the U.S, about 938,000 were employed in the mills and factories of New England and the mid-atlantic states.
15 Advances in Technology Developed industries relatively immature, and fine items came from England. By the 1840s there were rapid machine technology advances, and sophisticated textile industry. Manufacture of machine tools improved by the government supported research for military (at Springfield Armory, MA)- turret lathe and universal milling machine in early 19th century. Later came the precision grinder. Better machine tools allowed for wide use of interchangeable parts, new uses: Industrialization aided by new energy sources: coal replacing wood + water in factories. Allowed mills to be located away from streams, easier expansion Technological advances due to American inventors, increasing number of patents. Included Howe-Singer sewing machine and the Goodyear vulcanized rubber.
16 Eastern Manufacturing Cities and Towns The old Atlantic seaports (Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston) continued to be centers for foreign trade, and as the market economy grew, they also became centers of finance and manufacturing. New York grew especially fast, with its population quadrupling between 1820 and 1860 to more that 800,000. Part of its growth is explained by a massive increase in German and Irish immigrants, who poured into the city to provide labor for small-scale manufacturing and the clothing industry. New York s fine harbor and its access to the interior via the Erie Canal made it an ideal outlet for shipments of western grain, as well as an entrance for manufactured goods to make their way out west. By 1840 almost ⅔ of foreign imports to the U.S came into the port of New York. Urbanization in the east was also promoted by the development of the factory system, which resulted in the growth of factory towns. The Industrial Rev. was fueled by technological innovations, but new ways of organizing work were equally important in the transformation of economies. Most of the new machinery was too big and costly to be used at home according to the old putting out system, so it made sense to centralize it close to the areas where it was produced. The workers were brought to the machines, each doing a specialized task in a highly coordinated production process. Managers now could directly supervise and demand discipline from workers in ways that were not possible under the earlier arrangement.
17 Links Between the West and Northeast Between , railroads and canals linked in the Northeast and the Midwest, with railroads becoming more important than canals by the end of the era. Erie Railroad and Pennsylvania Railroad connected the Atlantic ports New York, Philadelphia, and Boston- with the Great Lakes cities of Cleveland and Ohio. During the 1850s, a railroad boom extended lines into the countryside and lowered the cost of shipping farm products to market. New farms popped up on prairie lands of the Midwestern states as transportation connections improved. In contrast to the rural South, the Midwest began producing its own manufactured goods as early as the 1830s. Example: John Deere, a blacksmith in a small Illinois town, made his first steel plow in 1837 and opened a factory ten years later. Deere s steel plows were stronger than the earlier cast-iron models, and the industry grew rapidly. Other midwestern companies mass-produced reapers that hastened the harvesting process, and soon wheat from the Midwest flowed into eastern and European markets.
18 Western Cities and Commercial Farmers Western cities at the crossroads of interregional trade like Cincinnati, Detroit, and St. Louis grew at phenomenal rates. As the overall midwestern population grew during the 1830s and 1840s, St. Louis and Detroit emerged as centers of commerce where merchants and bankers provided essential services to farmers and small-town merchants in the surrounding countryside. The largest of the western cities was Chicago, which became a rail hub for farm products from the Northwest to gather for shipment to the East. Western cities were crucial links between western farmers and eastern markets. As a web of transportation expanded across the Northwest, farmers were brought into the new market economy, and they increasingly concentrated on growing crops and raising farm animals for sale. As the incomes of these commercial farmers grew, they began to purchase goods that they previously produced at home, and so they created a market for manufactured goods from the East. By the mid-cen., manufacturing centers opened in cities like Buffalo, Cleveland, and Chicago, providing jobs for hundreds of artisans and factory laborers.
19 Recruiting a Native Workforce In the factory system s early years, recruiting labor difficult because of farms and small cities. New farmlands in Midwest + new farm machinery and techniques increased food production and decreased need for labor. Transport allowed importation of food from other regions people in New Eng left for factories. Some recruitment brought whole families from the farm to the mill with parents and children, but the Lowell/Waltham system enlisted young women. Labor conditions were relatively good in early years of system, better than Europe. Lowell system used young, unmarried women but had good housing and food. Even well-treated workers found transition from their life on the farm to a factory difficultregimented env t, repetitive tasks. Women had little other choice because they were barred from manual labor,and it was unthinkable to travel in search of opportunity. Competitive textile market of 1830s and 1840s manufactures had difficulty maintaining high standards and conditions, and wages fell. Union of Factory Girls Association struck twice, but both failed. Eventually immigrants filled jobs.
20 Transformation of American Agriculture In the factory system s early years, recruiting labor difficult because of farms and small cities. New farmlands in Midwest + new farm machinery and techniques increased food production and decreased need for labor. Transport allowed importation of food from other regions people in New Eng left for factories. Some recruitment brought whole families from the farm to the mill with parents and children, but the Lowell/Waltham system enlisted young women. Labor conditions were relatively good in early years of system, better than Europe. Lowell system used young, unmarried women but had good housing and food. Even well-treated workers found transition from their life on the farm to a factory difficultregimented env t, repetitive tasks. Women had little other choice because they were barred from manual labor,and it was unthinkable to travel in search of opportunity. Competitive textile market of 1830s and 1840s manufactures had difficulty maintaining high standards and conditions, and wages fell. Union of Factory Girls Association struck twice, but both failed. Eventually immigrants filled jobs.
21 The Lowell System The Lowell System is very different than systems in England. Mostly recruits young unmarried women. In England, the working conditions for women were often horrifyingly bad. Women workers in the coal mines endured unimaginably wretched conditions Visitors from England visiting America considered the Lowell mill a female paradies by contrast. In America, the work conditions were great. Many New Englanders considered the employment of women to be vaguely immoral, thus emphasizing a proper environment for their employees Payment was reasonable at the time. The women even wrote and published a monthly magazine, the Lowell Offering. Many women found it hard to transition from farm life to factory life Many women did not like it because it was very tedious and schedules really didn t change. They also experienced extreme loneliness and disorientation Women were not limited to working only in the factories. They could have done more manual work, but it wasn t looked kindly upon it because society did not believe women should embark on the journey as men do (to search for job opportunities).
22 Women Workers
23 Handbook to Lowell (Hamilton Manufacturing Company) Factory Rules Seems like there are early versions of health insurance. 2 weeks needed to quit. Must be engaged in work for twelve to not be discharged. Religion is important. Must attend church regularly (Without church, they are seen as guilty and immoral Pay checks monthly Boarding House Rules Similar to rules in apartments Must be a community to work together Simpson Manufacturing Code of Conduct Very similar to the Handbook to Lowell, but more detailed Religion is not required
24 Decline of the Lowell System Rivaling textile markets need better products so Wages declined and work became more intense and worse (1830s and 1840s) In 1834, a union under the Lowell workers called the Factory Girl Association protested a 25% wage cut. Two years later, call another protest against a rent increase in the boarding houses Both protests failed, but ultimately destroyed the organization Sarah Bagley created the Female Labor Reform Association and began demanding for improvements in the conditions in mills They made demands of management and also turned to state government and asked for legislative investigation of conditions in the mills The workforce changed after their demands (They went into more teaching and domestic services and or got married) The Labor force began to turn into immigrants
25 Immigrant Workforce The Workforce was filled with plenty immigrants after the They were less efficient than women at that time making the owners give them worse working conditions Many of the workers were unskilled giving the bossed the opportunity to give them low wages. Low enough wages that it wasn t enough to support their family Irish workers were predominated 1840s textile industry. This led to the deterioration of the working conditions. Less social pressure on owners to maintain decent environment for workers. Employers pay piece rates instead of daily wages to speed production Harsh Work Conditions Factories were becoming large, noisy, and unsanitary. It became a dangerous place to work. Hours were long, wages were declining. However, America still had better conditions than those of England and Europe as a whole.
Section 13-1: The Industrial Revolution and America
Name: Date: Chapter 13 Study Guide Section 13-1: The Industrial Revolution and America 1. The Industrial Revolution was a major period of economic change in which manufacturing gradually shifted from small
More informationSection 1: Industrial Revolution in America
The North Section 1: The Industrial Revolution in America Section 2: Changes in Working Life Section 3: The Transportation Revolution Section 4: More Technological Advances Section 1: Industrial Revolution
More informationChapter 13 Section Review Packet
Name: Date: Section 13-1: The Industrial Revolution and America Chapter 13 Section Review Packet 1. Industrial Revolution 2. Textiles 3. Richard Awkwright 4. Samuel Slater 5. Technology 6. Eli Whitney
More informationThe Rise of Industrial Revolution. Innovations and Individuals that Changed the World
The Rise of Industrial Revolution Innovations and Individuals that Changed the World How did it start? Spinning Jenny & Steam Engine Allowed people to make goods more efficiently (faster and cheaper with
More informationChapter 12, Section 1 The Industrial Revolution in America
Chapter 12, Section 1 The Industrial Revolution in America Pages 384-389 In the early 1700s making goods depended on the hard work of humans and animals. It had been that way for hundreds of years. Then
More informationThe invention of new machines in Great Britain led to the beginning of the Industrial
Chapter 12: The North The industrial revolution The invention of new machines in Great Britain led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution: a period of rapid growth in using machines for manufacturing
More informationAP World History (Povletich) CHAPTER 30 OUTLINE The Making of Industrial Society
AP World History (Povletich) CHAPTER 30 OUTLINE The Making of Industrial Society BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE: The previous chapter describes the dramatic political changes that followed the American and French
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
Importance of the Agricultural Revolution The Industrial Revolution Agricultural Revolution Before the Industrial Revolution, most people were farmers. Wealthy landowners owned most of the land, and families
More informationIn 1815, the cost of moving goods by land was high. Water transportation was much cheaper, but was limited to the coast or navigable rivers
Industrialization In 1815, the cost of moving goods by land was high Cost just as much to haul heavy goods by horse-drawn wagons 30 mi. as it did to ship the 3,000 mi. across the Atlantic Ocean Water transportation
More informationThe Making of Industrial Society. Chapter 30
The Making of Industrial Society Chapter 30 The Making of Industrial Society Industrialization was essential to the modern world and its effects were global. Demographic changes Urbanization Imperialism
More informationEarly Industry and Inventions
Lesson: Early Industry and Inventions How did the Industrial Revolution change America? Lauren Webb. 2015. {a social studies life} Name Date Social Studies The Industrial Revolution Early Industry and
More informationHow it Was. In the 1700s, most people wore clothes that were made by hand at home. Can you imagine having no choice but to make your own clothes?
How it Was In the 1700s, most people wore clothes that were made by hand at home. Can you imagine having no choice but to make your own clothes? All of this changed in 1790 with the start of the Industrial
More informationSTAAR Questions of the Day. Volume 1: Pages Questions #1-5 Volume 2: Pages Questions #1-4 KAMICO: Pages Questions #6-10
STAAR Questions of the Day Volume 1: Pages 12-13 Questions #1-5 Volume 2: Pages 12-13 Questions #1-4 KAMICO: Pages 27-29 Questions #6-10 USE STRATEGIES!!! STAAR QUESTION OF THE DAY #69. The Industrial
More informationIndustrialization Spreads Close Read
Industrialization Spreads Close Read Standards Alignment Text with Close Read instructions for students Intended to be the initial read in which students annotate the text as they read. Students may want
More informationAP World History (Povletich) CHAPTER 30 OUTLINE The Making of Industrial Society
AP World History (Povletich) CHAPTER 30 OUTLINE The Making of Industrial Society BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE: The previous chapter describes the dramatic political changes that followed the American and French
More informationInnovation during the Industrial Revolution
Innovation during the Industrial Revolution 1. Innovations in Energy Sources: Human, Animal, Wood and Water Power to Coal Before the Industrial Revolution Before the Industrial Revolution, the main sources
More informationAIM: WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?
*COMMON CORE TASK* 10/07/13 AIM: WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION? Do Now: Collect Comparative Essays Hand out Common Core Task Common Core Task Did the benefits of the Industrial Revolution
More informationSample file. Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution. What Was the Industrial Revolution? Student Handouts, Inc.
Page2 Student Handouts, Inc. www.studenthandouts.com Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution An ancient Greek or Roman would have been just as comfortable living in Europe in 1700 as during
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Enduring Understanding: The global spread of democratic ideas and nationalist movement occurred during the nineteenth century. To understand the effects of nationalism, industrialism,
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
Journal: Complete the chart on technological inventions: Modern day invention: What life was like before it: What has changed because of it: The Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution The greatly
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Enduring Understanding: The global spread of democratic ideas and nationalist movement occurred during the nineteenth century. To understand the effects of nationalism, industrialism,
More informationnetw rks Reading Essentials and Study Guide Industrialization and Nationalism Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution
and Study Guide Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution ESSENTIAL QUESTION How can innovation affect ways of life? How does revolution bring about political and economic change? Reading HELPDESK Content Vocabulary
More informationLET S REVIEW CHAPTER 12. Study your notes from ALL of chapter 12 (two pages) and your two reading checks.
LET S REVIEW CHAPTER 12 Study your notes from ALL of chapter 12 (two pages) and your two reading checks. In the mid-1800s, most of America s industry was located in the A) Northeast. B) South C) West.
More informationDo Now What were some of the important advancements of the Scientific Revolution?
Do Now What were some of the important advancements of the Scientific Revolution? Objective Students will understand the technological advancements of the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution
More informationReading Essentials and Study Guide
Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How can innovation affect ways of life? How does revolution bring about political and economic change? Reading HELPDESK Academic Vocabulary labor
More informationChapter 11. Industry
Chapter 11 Industry Industry In this Chapter, Industry refers to the manufacturing of goods in a factory. Key Issue #1 Where is industry distributed? Manufacturing Value Added Fig. 11-1: The world s major
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Grade Level: 4 6 Teacher Guidelines pages 1 2 Instructional Pages pages 3 8 Activity Page page 9 Practice Pages page 10 11 Answer Key pages 12 13 Classroom Procedure: 1. Ask:
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution In the early 1700s large landowners across Great Britain bought much of the land once owned by poor farmers. They introduced new methods of farming, using the latest agricultural
More informationCauses & Impact of Industrialization
Causes & Impact of Industrialization From Agriculture to Industry At the time of the Civil War, the leading source of economic growth was agriculture. Forty years later, manufacturing had taken its place.
More informationThe Making of Industrial Society (Bentley - Chapter 30)
The Making of Industrial Society (Bentley - Chapter 30) Industrialization was essential to the modern world and its effects were global. It also had enormous effects on the economic, domestic, and social
More informationThe Making of Industrial Society
The Making of Industrial Society Chapter 30 FA for this chapter on Monday The Making of Industrial Society Industrialization was essential to the modern world and its effects were global. Demographic changes
More informationStudent Goal and Planning Form
Student Goal and Planning Form Name: Hour: Unit Title: The Nation Divides Unit #: 3 Start Date: 01/09/14 End Date: 03/14/14 What I need to learn: What changes occurred in the North during the early 1800s?
More informationUnit #2 PA History- Lesson #4- PA Economical History A Diversity of Industries
Unit #2 PA History- Lesson #4- PA Economical History A Diversity of Industries The Edgar Thomson Steel Works, by William Rau, Braddock, PA, 1891 The Rustbelt runs right through Pennsylvania, the former
More informationStudent Reading 12.2: The Industrial Revolution: From Farms to Factories. Can you imagine what it would be like to live without cars, electricity,
Student Reading 12.2: The Industrial Revolution: From Farms to Factories Can you imagine what it would be like to live without cars, electricity, refrigerators, iphones, televisions, and computers? Life
More informationStudy questions for the Textile Manufacturing section
ECON 30423 Economic History of the Europe to the Industrial Revolution John Lovett Study questions for the Textile Manufacturing section Readings: Yorke, Stan (2005). The Industrial Revolution Explained:
More informationFactories and Workers
The Industrial Revolution Factories and Workers Main Idea The transition from cottage industries changed how people worked in factories, what life was like in factory towns, labor conditions, and eventually
More informationThe Beginnings of Industrialization. Text Summary Worksheet with student directions
The Beginnings of Industrialization Text Summary Worksheet with student directions Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution
More informationIndustrialisation. Industrial processes. Industrialisation in developing countries. D Mining in Namibia. Textile in Namibia
Unit 1 Industrialisation In Module 1 Unit 5 we discussed how rural areas have been affected by development. Now we will look at the industrial development which began in European and North American cities
More informationChapter 16 Section 1: Railroads Lead the Way
Chapter 16 Section 1: Railroads Lead the Way Railroads spur the economy standard gauge consolidation railroad barons time zones US8.12 Students analyze the transformation of the American economy and the
More informationThe Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution Discussion Question What factors caused the Industrial Revolution to begin in England? Causes of the Industrial Revolution Favorable natural resources Agricultural Revolution
More informationCreating America (Survey)
Creating America (Survey) Chapter 20: An Industrial Society, 1860-1914 Section 1: The Growth of Industry Main Idea: The growth of industry during the years 1860 to 1914 transformed life in America. After
More informationThe North and the South Take Different Paths. Chapter 11
The North and the South Take Different Paths Chapter 11 Section 1 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A Revolution in Technology Before 1800s- most Americans worked on farms and things were made by hand Industrial
More informationThe Industrial Revolution. The Revolution that changed the world forever
The Industrial Revolution The Revolution that changed the world forever Industrial Having to do with industry, business or manufacturing Revolution a huge change or a change in the way things are done
More informationChapter 11: Industry
Chapter 11: Industry The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography Where is Industry Distributed? Key Issue 1 Pg 342-249 Origin of industry (pg 345) Began -? From cottage industries to the
More informationRailroads Lead The Way Inventions An Age of Big Business Industrial Workers
Railroads Lead The Way Inventions An Age of Big Business Industrial Workers Questions Setting up for Cornell Notes Draw a line across the paper about 3 lines down from the top Draw line down 1/3 rd across
More informationThe old ways will burn in the fires of industry
Aka ISENGARD The old ways will burn in the fires of industry JRR Tolkien Waitaminute. A Major Change agrarian handmade goods rural industrial machine-made goods urban Putting Out System Fun for the whole
More informationModule 2: Origin of city in history Lecture 8: The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of the Gesellschaft Part I
The Lecture Contains: Industrial Revolution Changes at the core of Industrial Revolution Changes within Technology Labour Urbanization Environment Reference file:///d /NPTL%20WORK/Dr.%20Anindita%20Chakrabarti/UrbanSociology/lecture8/8_1.htm
More informationFactories are buildings or sets of buildings in which manufactured
4 The First Factories Factories are buildings or sets of buildings in which manufactured goods are made from raw materials on a large scale. Work in factories is usually accomplished with laborsaving machinery
More informationRegional Differences: The North
Regional Differences: The North Geography of the North From the rocky shores of Maine to the gently rolling plains of Iowa, the North included a variety of climates and natural features. Northerners adapted
More informationWhy not Industrial Revolution?
Industrialization Why not Industrial Revolution? Areas industrialized at different times, while Revolution implies sudden change. Revolution suggests sharp break from past, but industrialization was a
More informationLEQ: What industry was first affected by the Industrial Revolution?
LEQ: What industry was first affected by the Industrial Revolution? Power loom weaving is shown in this illustration titled, The Interior of a Cotton Mill. This painting by Thomas Allom (1804-1872) is
More informationRevolutions of Industrialization
Revolutions of Industrialization 1750-1914 AP WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 17 Life Before the Industrial Revolution Most people lived in rural villages; small communities Farming = major economic sector 1/3 of
More informationChapter 5 Notes: The Industrial Age. The railroad system expanded rapidly in the late 1800s, building large fortunes for some wealthy businesspeople.
Chapter 5 Notes: The Industrial Age Section 1: Railroads Lead the Way The railroad system expanded rapidly in the late 1800s, building large fortunes for some wealthy businesspeople. Those who labored,
More informationThe Industrial Revolution. Standards Alignment Text with Images Image Analysis Development Cause and Impact Notes Effects Text Scale
The Industrial Revolution Standards Alignment Text with Images Image Analysis Development Cause and Impact Notes Effects Text Scale Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 10.3 Students
More informationUnit 5 - Economic Principles
Unit 5 - Economic Principles Key Concept: Connections Related Concepts: Resources, Equity Global Context: Globalization and Sustainability Statement of Inquiry Resources have connected our global economy
More information- CENTRAL HISTORICAL QUESTION(S) - WHY DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGIN IN GREAT BRITAIN?
NAME: BLOCK: - CENTRAL HISTORICAL QUESTION(S) - WHY DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGIN IN GREAT BRITAIN? LESSON OBJECTIVE(S) 1.) EXPLAIN the primary factors behind Great Britain s industrial revolution
More informationLecture 1: The Rise of Big Business in the Gilded Age
Lecture 1: The Rise of Big Business in the Gilded Age Famous photograph taken by A.J. Russell, the photographer of the Union Pacific Railroad, commemorabng the Last Spike of May 10, 1869, in Promontory
More informationAIM: Was big business helpful or hurtful to America?
US Economy Capitalism- Laissez-Faire- Types of Big Businesses Corporation = 3 or more people Monopoly = 1 person controls an ENTIRE industry Ms. V s pen Mr. K s pen Ms. V. Trust = 2 companies join together
More informationCh. 9 Life in the Industrial Age. a British engineer who developed a new process for making steel from iron in 1856
Ch. 9 Life in the Industrial Age Ch. 9.1 The Industrial Revolution Spreads a British engineer who developed a new process for making steel from iron in 1856 a Swedish chemist who invented dynamite in 1866
More informationExpansion and Reform: Technology of the 1800s
Expansion and Reform: Technology of the 1800s By Brent D. Glass, The Lehrman Institute of American History, adapted by Newsela staff on 11.18.16 Word Count 977 Railroad workers celebrate at the driving
More informationChapter 11 Learning Guide Industry
Chapter 11 Learning Guide Industry Key Issue 1 Where is Industry Distributed? Pgs. 344-349 1. Define maquiladora: Origin of Industry 2. Regarding the Industrial Revolution: What? Where? When? 3. Define
More informationStudy questions for the Textile Manufacturing section
ECON 40970 Economic History of the Modern Europe John Lovett Study questions for the Textile Manufacturing section Readings: Yorke, Stan (2005). The Industrial Revolution Explained: Steam, Sparks, and
More informationDomestic industry and craftsmen
Domestic industry and craftsmen Up to 1700s most products made at home or by craftsmen in workshops Carpenters, potters, blacksmiths, bakers Spinners, weavers, tailors Domestic Industry versus Factories
More informationThe Economy and the United States Government s-1930 s
The Economy and the United States Government 1870 s-1930 s 1850 s-1870 s 1850 s-1870 s Two of the biggest changes in the economy of the United States during this time period was the end of slavery and
More informationIndustrialization Presentation
Industrialization Presentation 2) I can identify, explain, and compare the first and second Industrial Revolutions in the U.S. 3) I can define Industrial Revolution Rapid economic growth primarily driven
More informationIndustrialization. The Gilded Age
Industrialization The Gilded Age Warm up 1.What does it mean to be Gilded? 2.How does this best describe the Gilded Age? ssential Questions: Unit 2: The Gilded Age. Was the rise of industry good for the
More informationWho Benefited From Transportation Improvements?
Who Benefited From Transportation Improvements? We ve seen that many of the transportation improvements led to major reductions in shipping costs but didn t necessarily lead to big profits for investors
More informationStudent Handouts, Inc.
Student Handouts, Inc. What was the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced, from human labor to machines The more efficient means of production
More informationThe Industrial Revolution in England
STANDARD 10.3.1 The Industrial Revolution in England Specific Objective: Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. Read the question-and-answers below. Then do the practice items on the
More informationThe Industrialization of the United States s 1910 s
The Industrialization of the United States 1860 s 1910 s The South Builds Railways O After the Civil War, the South began building more railroads to rival those of the North. O South now relied on its
More informationHow did early innovations affect the people, economy, and
Content Claims How did early innovations affect the people, economy, and migration patterns of the United States? Unit Connection This instructional task engages students in content related to the following
More informationEC Chapter 1. Burak Alparslan Eroğlu. October 13, Burak Alparslan Eroğlu EC Chapter 1
EC 101 - Chapter 1 Burak Alparslan Eroğlu October 13, 2016 Outline Introduction to New Course Module Introduction to Unit 1 Hockey Stick Growth Capitalism Inequality Economics and Economy Introduction
More informationWarm Up. 1) Create a bubble map on everything you know about Railroads/ facts that you can find online. 2) Your map should have 20 bubbles
Warm Up 1) Create a bubble map on everything you know about Railroads/ facts that you can find online 2) Your map should have 20 bubbles Warm Up I. Watch the crash course video on the Industrial Economy
More informationIndustrialization & Big Business
Industrialization & Big Business Industrialization First began in US during the early 1800s Accelerated during the Civil War By 1900, US had become the world s leading industrial power Natural Resources
More informationAP EURO. Unit #5 Nationalism of 19 th Century. Lesson #501 Foundations of Industrial Revolution
AP EURO Unit #5 Nationalism of 19 th Century Lesson #501 Foundations of Industrial Revolution Essential Questions 1. Why is the Industrial Revolution so revolutionary? 2. Why did it start in Britain, and
More informationAP World History. Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary. Inside: Short Answer Question 3. Scoring Guideline.
2017 AP World History Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Short Answer Question 3 Scoring Guideline Student Samples Scoring Commentary 2017 The College Board. College Board, Advanced
More informationUnit 6: Development of an Industrial United States ( ) Part 2: The Rise of Big Business in America
Unit 6: Development of an Industrial United States (1870-1920) Part 2: The Rise of Big Business in America ObjecKves: 1. Explain why the steel industry became important a8er the Civil War. (9.4.4.20.1)
More informationb. How is the distribution of steel and iron industry influenced by coal?
Industry: Key Issue 1 Where Did Industry Originate? Rubenstein, 344-349 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOUTION 1. Regarding the Industrial Revolution: What? Where? When? 2. Cottage Industry: Industry before the Industrial
More information2.1 The Industrial Revolution
2.1 The Industrial Revolution Students will: 2.1.1. Know, understand and be able to explain the new ideas and innovations which led to the Industrial Revolution. 2.1.2. Analyze elements of social change/conflict
More informationChapter Twelve. Industry and the North 1790s-1840s
Chapter Twelve Industry and the North 1790s-1840s Part One: Introduction Industry and the North 1790s-1840s How does the painting above characterize the nature of northern industry? 3 Chapter Focus Questions
More informationAP European History Chapter 22: The Revolution in Energy and Industry
AP European History Chapter 22: The Revolution in Energy and Industry Name: Period: Complete the graphic organizer as you read Chapter 22. DO NOT simply hunt for the answers; doing so will leave holes
More informationUnit 6 Intro Enlightenment Invention Industrial.notebook April 11, London on Fire
Unit 6 Revolutions London on Fire Invention - is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process. It may be an improvement upon a machine or product, or a new process for creating an object or
More informationTEST #6. SSUSH11 The student will describe the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction.
TEST #6 SSUSH11 The student will describe the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. SSUSH12 The student will analyze important consequences of American industrial growth.
More informationThe Industrial Age. Chapter 19 Page 610
The Industrial Age Chapter 19 Page 610 The Second Industrial Revolution Chapter 19 Section 1 page 614 Breakthroughs in Steel Processing Second Industrial Revolution, a period of rapid growth in U.S. manufacturing
More informationRatcheting Up the Three R s
Subject: Social Studies Helena- West Helena School District Ratcheting Up the Three R s All SubjectsInstructional Unit Plan Estimated Length of Unit: 15 days Beginning Date: Oct. 5 Projected Ending Date:
More informationCensus Records, City Directories, Maps
This is a very high-level explanation of the complex topic, census records. An excellent source of detailed information can be found in The Source, A Guidebook of American Genealogy, Loretto Dennis Szucs,
More informationRailroads and Rise of Big Business. Age. Transcontinental Railroad. Term coined by
Railroads and Rise of Big Business Age Term coined by Refers to last quarter of the 19th century Looked glitzy, but not pure Transcontinental Railroad Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads met at
More informationIndustrialization and Urbanization
SSUSH 11 The student will describe the economic the social and the geographic impact of the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. Industrialization and Urbanization
More informationAn Introduction to Human Geography The Cultural Landscape, 8e James M. Rubenstein. Chapter 11. Industry. PPT by Abe Goldman
An Introduction to Human Geography The Cultural Landscape, 8e James M. Rubenstein Chapter 11 Industry PPT by Abe Goldman Origin and Diffusion of the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution Diffusion
More informationIndustrial Revolution. (in Europe)
Industrial Revolution (in Europe) Good Afternoon! 1. Please grab your journal & find your seat 2. Title a new page in your journal Revolutions Begin. 3. On the new page title and complete the following
More informationBig Business and Organized Labor. Chapter 18, Section 2
Big Business and Organized Labor Chapter 18, Section 2 Big business changed the workplace and give rise to labor unions. In the late 1800s, businesses expanded, factories cranked out goods, and profits
More informationBig Businesses, Technology, and Labor Unions. Unit 6 SSUSH11
Big Businesses, Technology, and Labor Unions Unit 6 SSUSH11 Following the Civil War and Reconstruction Cities like Atlanta, Georgia and Dallas, Texas become significant railroad hubs and manufacturing
More information1.6 Paraphrasing. 1 The elements of effective paraphrasing
CHAPTER 1.6 Paraphrasing Paraphrasing means changing the wording of a text so that it is significantly different from the original source, without changing the meaning. Effective paraphrasing is a key
More informationInventions of the Industrial Revolution
P L A C A R D A The Granger Collection, NYC Inventions of the Industrial Revolution An 1876 print made by American printmakers Currier & Ives showcases an array of inventions developed during the Industrial
More informationAnswer Key. linen c. Initially it was mixed either with woollen or worsted yarn. cotton
1. Read the sentences about the cotton industry and tick the answers you think you know. a. Cotton is a white fibrous substance composed of the hairs surrounding the seeds of the cotton plant. tree. seeds.
More informationThe Industrial Revolution Making Cloth: The Industrial Revolution Begins
Non-fiction: Making Cloth:The Industrial Revolution Begins The Industrial Revolution Making Cloth: The Industrial Revolution Begins The Industrial Revolution got its start in the textile industry. Before
More informationNine Inventions That Changed the World. Answer the questions in the chart using the information you find online. What did the new invention do?
Directions: Nine Inventions That Changed the World Answer the questions in the chart using the information you find online. Inventions Who was the inventor or inventors? What did the new invention do?
More informationMuseu Industrial del Ter, Manlleu, Catalonia (photo taken by Maria del Roser Pujadas Jubany)
Museu Industrial del Ter, Manlleu, Catalonia (photo taken by Maria del Roser Pujadas Jubany) 1. Read the sentences about the cotton industry and tick the answers you think you know. a. Cotton is a white
More informationThe Modern Era: 7 The Industrial Revolution
The Modern Era: 7 The Industrial Revolution MULTIPLE CHOICE. Fill the square of the best answer. 1. The era when power-driven machinery began to develop is called the A Agricultural Age. B Enclosure Movement.
More informationThe Industrial Revolution was a period that began in England in the 1700 s when humanity really began to turn to machines to do their work for them.
The Industrial Revolution was a period that began in England in the 1700 s when humanity really began to turn to machines to do their work for them. I. Factors of Production A. Factors of production are
More information