Models for Knowledge Transfer an Intellectual Property approach. September 29, Trieste

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2 Models for Knowledge Transfer an Intellectual Property approach September 29, Trieste

3 Ulf Petrusson Professor of Law, School of Business Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg Professor II, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Director, Center for Intellectual Property, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg Director, Institute for Innovation and Social Change, University of Gothenburg

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5 Knowledge-transfer in Universities an intellectual property approach Licensing model: Invention disclosures to TTO s who file for patents and license Collaboration model: Researchers, together with lawyers etc., govern background and project results Venture creation model: Researchers/students create ideas which are verified and commercialized by a university-based innovation system IAM model: Academic environments are enabled to take a proactive and integrated responsibility for their research result

6 Licensing model The foundation in the Invention Disclosure connected to a TTO Patentable inventions and other IPRs Inventor/inventors Technical description General purpose Advantages and improvements over existing methods, devices or materials Commercial potential Publication plan

7 Collaboration model The foundation in the contractual governance of IP Settings: Research projects Research consortia Knowledge and innovation clusters Research and innovation arenas Elements: Framework program regulation National regulation Model program contract Program contracts/policy Model project contract Project contracts/ policy Organizational solutions Internal contracts of the party 7

8 IP-based collaboration Ownership Access Use Conditions Background Project results 8

9 Venture creation model The foundation is the controllable idea The idea: Unique solution Interested researcher/student A pre-business plan IP-based controllability The Innovation system: Incubators E-ship-schools Seed capitalists Etc. 9

10 Spin-off? Education Research results Publication Research tools Databases and information collections Diagnostic tools Production and development tools System innovations Features (elements in product concepts) Content Artistic work Products Services per hr 10

11 IAM model: Academic environments are enabled to take a proactive and integrated responsibility for their research result

12 The IAM-model Utilization The academic environment acts to make knowledge available in open contractual structures/networks The academic environment acts to make knowledge available as products and knowledge organizations The academic environment acts to make knowledge available/ applicable to specific stakeholders Contractual network Innovation process Applicable to specific stakeholders Assets are managed as portfolios in contract-based knowledge platforms Assets are packaged as controlled ideas, which can be further developed as innovations Assets are managed as background and project results may require patentability or other types of control The academic environment acts to make knowledge available to the public Research Public domain Assets are transferred to the public domain without any intellectual property right restrictions Education

13 UTILISATION CONSIDERATIONS Public domain Applicable to specific stakeholders Innovation process Contractual network The academic environment acts to make knowledge available to the public The academic environment acts to make knowledge applicable for specific stakeholders The academic environment acts to make knowledge available as innovation projects The academic environment acts to make knowledge available in open contractual structures/networks *Assets are transferred to the public domain without any intellectual property right restrictions *Assets are managed as background and project results which may require patentability or other types of control *Assets are packaged as controlled ideas, which can be further developed as innovations. *Assets are managed as portfolios of background and project results in contract-based knowledge platforms

14 accessibility + IAM + diffusion = societal resource Activities to make research result publically available in the public domain Research results are made publically available through academic publishing Scientific articles Scientific books Reports Conference contributions Research results are made publically available through academic education Courses, seminars and other educational efforts Handbooks and textbooks Other educational materials Research results are made publically available through popular science activities Popular science books Science radio/tv Debate articles, social media and other social dialogue Home pages etc. Other information material

15 applicability + IAM + transfer = societal resource Activities to make research results applicable for users in society Research results are made applicable through research activities Contract research Collaborative research Adjunct professors, industrial PhD s and other researcher exchange Research results are made applicable through educational activities Contract education Exam-work, student internships and similar Handbooks and other published training material Instructions, manuals, documented decision support and other information material Students are trained and hired Research results are made applicable through other knowledge transfer Positions of trust, e.g. expert positions and membership Partnership programs and other institutionalized collaboration Licensing Development projects Consultancy services Societal dialogue Researchers are employed by external actors

16 packaging of innovations + IAM + development = societal resource Activities to develop research results into innovations Research results are developed into innovations as processes integrated in research Social-innovation projects Projects on organizational and institutional innovations Projects on IT-based product- and service innovation, such as research tools and tools for diagnostics Research results are developed into innovation integrated in the education Student innovation projects By students in entrepreneurship schools etc. connected to the environment Research results are developed into innovation outside the academic environment In a project incubator associated to the university By the TTO/innovation office In start-up-companies in a university incubator By a privately owned company By existing firms owned by researchers etc.

17 open inclusion + IAM + open access and usage = societal resource Activities to include research results in open knowledge platforms Research results are included in educational platforms Databases for research purposes Openly developed software for research purposes Research consortia and other institutions where research results are contractually governed Research results are included in educational platforms Databases for educational purposes Openly developed software for educational purposes E-learning platforms and similar Research results are included in commons Databases open for the public Open source software Creative commons and similar contractually governed platforms Research results are included in open innovation platforms Databases for innovation purposes etc. Openly developed software Open and contractually governed innovation platforms Patent pools and other IPR-based platforms

18 SOCIETAL RESOURCE: SOCIETAL IMPACT: To what extent do we contribute to concrete value creation in society? SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: To what extent have we taken a reasonable social responsibility from an academic point of view?

19 Open and free knowledge Applicable knowledge Innovation Knowledge platform Idea och knowledge driven collaboration Societal resource Research results are utilized by being made available to the public domain The research result becomes a societal resource when it is publically available with any intellectual property right restrictions Research results are utilized by being made applicable to specific stakeholders The research result becomes a societal resource when it is made applicable and transferred to stakeholder along with enough control to enable implementation Research results are utilized through innovation processes The research result becomes a societal resource when it is identified as ideas that are controlled in projects to be developed as innovation processes in society Research results are utilized in open contractual structures/networks The research result becomes a societal resource when it is included in databases and other platforms/ networks which through portfolio management is made openly available to different stakeholders Challenge driven collaboration Social impact The chllenges of society are managed through independent academic research Through independent research, education and societal dialogue, we affect the society and create societal impact The challenges of society are managed through interactions with specific stakeholders Through collaborative research, education and other forms of partnerships with specific action, we affect society and therefore create societal impact The challenges of society are managed in solution-focused projects Through driving need-based projects, we adress societal challenges and create societal impact The challenges of society are managed in open knowledge platforms Through the development and governance of open platforms, we adress societal challenges and create societal impact