Innovation s Holy Grail: More From Less For More. R A Mashelkar Hyderabad

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1 Innovation s Holy Grail: More From Less For More R A Mashelkar Hyderabad

2 Exclusive Innovation Getting More (performance) From More (resource) For Less (people)

3 Industrial Enterprises aim at Getting More( Performance) From Less (Cost) For More (Profit, value to the shareholder)

4 Inclusive Innovation Getting More (performance) From Less (resource) For More (people) MLM

5 From Less Resource = Affordable Getting More Performance = Excellence Affordable Excellence!

6 High P E R F O R M A N C E Affordable Excellence Affordable Excellence Low Price High

7 Innovation s Holy Grail - MLM C.K. Prahalad R.A. Mashelkar Harvard Business Review- July, August 2010

8 Special Session More From Less For More 16 Nov 2010

9 Income Disparity in China Gini index of income inequality in China Rural-urban disparities in annual per capita disposable income

10 World Bank- Inclusive Innovation Summit China C

11 Indian Challenge: Both Incomes & Income Inequality Rising! Indian Gini Index

12 True inclusion of 2.6 billion will demand Not just low cost but ultra low cost This means Not minor redesigning But radical rethinking And creative reinventing

13 Affordable Excellence is not about Stripping products and services to make them cheap, somehow It is about Giving high quality at affordable prices!

14 Affordable Excellence! Hepatitis B vaccine- 40 times cheaper Cataract Eye Surgery 100 times cheaper... Open Heart Surgery- 20 times cheaper Artificial Foot- 300 times cheaper No dreams- It has been done!

15 High Excellence P E R F O R M A N C E Affordable Low Price High

16 High Excellence P E R F O R M A N C E Affordable Low Price High

17 High Affordable Excellence Exellence P E R F O R M A N C E Low Price High

18 Model T $19,700 Ford Beetle $11,333 Volkswagen Mini $11,777 British Motor Corp. Nano $2,000 Tata Motors Current Dollar Value

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20 Technological Innovation Policy Innovation Business Model Innovation System Delivery Innovation Affordable Excellence Workflow Innovation Research Process Innovation Organizational Innovation 20

21 Income Inequality 1000 : 1? Access Equality 1:1!

22 Technological and Business Model innovation Handset $250 X $25 Call Rates 10 cents X 0.1 cent Technological Innovation (Nokia, Ericsson ) Business Process Innovation (Reliance, Airtel.)

23 Work Flow Innovation Cataract Surgery $3000 $30 X

24 Aravind Eye Care Increase surgeons productivity not the number of surgeons. Assembly line technique of surgery- increases productivity by factor of 10- inspiration from McDonalds! Operating profits are more than 40%- but only 30% of the patients pay. Around 300,000 cataract surgeries per year.

25 High Performance at Low Cost Royal College of Event Aravind Ophthalmologists, UK Capsule rupture 4.4% 2.0% Iris trauma 0.7% 0.3% Iris prolapse 0.07% 0.01% Anterior chamber collapse 0.5% 0.3% Loss of nuclear fragment 0.3% 0.2% Retained lens material 1.1% 0.87% Loss of IOL into vitreous 0.16% 0.01%

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27 CSIR India, NMITLI Challenge Cost of Treatment: $20000! X $100? Time for Development: 10X yrs 5 yrs? Cost of Development: Few hundred X million dollars <$10 mn?

28 Traditional Medicine Modern Medicine Modern Science

29 Standard Drug Delivery Process Molecule Mice Men

30 Reverse Pharmacology Process Men Mice Men

31 Indian Psoriasis Breakthrough Affordable Excellence

32 Technological Innovation Policy Innovation Business Model Innovation System Delivery Innovation Affordable Excellence Workflow Innovation Research Process Innovation Organizational Innovation 32

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34 OSDD Process flow Protein crystals OSDD Community Targets Cloning / Expressio n Library Assay s CROs Highthroughput screening New Molecules Known Molecules Medicinal Chemistry Assays Cytotoxicit y/side Effects Preclinical/ Clinical Innovation Process Driven Using creativity of students and young researchers Using experienced low-cost globally competitive Contract Research Organizations 34

35 Unconventional Collaborative Networks Management Professionals Mathematicians Computational Biologists Management Professionals Medicinal Chemists Engineering Professionals Medical Professionals Software professionals Organic Chemist 35

36 DRIVERS Emerging Economies Rising Incomes & Aspirations Rising Inequalities Rising Social disharmony Enterprises New Consumers with rising incomes represent the Next Billion market

37 If we do not come up with innovations in poor countries and take them global, new competitors from the developing world The Mindray, Suzlon & Goldwind- will. That is a bracing prospect. - Jeffrey Immelt CEO, GE

38 REVERSE INNOVATION

39 Reverse Innovation ElectroCardioGraph Machine $10000 $600 X

40 Reverse Innovation Ultrasound Machine $30000 $1500 X

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42 GE plans to spend $3 billion till 2015 to create at least 100 health-care innovations that would substantially lower costs, increase access, and improve quality..

43 Drivers Driven by Market Margins Goals Frontier Innovation Curiosity or market driven science and research Sophisticated research capabilities, popular among policy makers and STI community Well established route from idea to product to market High R&D investments recouped by long lasting premiums (high margins) Improving productivity and economic growth Inclusive Innovation Applications and impact driven, cost conscious science and research Innovative entrepreneurs faced with challenge of scarcity and aspiration, and businesses vying for makets in emerging economies Newer routes to not yet established markets High volume low margin products and services Improving lives of people (access and purchasing power) and social harmony

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46 No electricity, no moving parts, portable and safe

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48 ?

49 Making High Technology Work for Affordable Access Quantum Dots for Affordable Point of Care Disease Diagnostics Devices

50 Three dimensional interweaving of biology and electronics via 3 D Printing to generate a bionic ear Mannoor et al, Nanoletters, 2013, 13, 2634

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53 Getting More From Less For More People! Collected plastic waste 20 Cents per Kg Separated flaked plastic 80 Cents per Kg Protoprint purchases green filament $ 5 per Kg This allows the waste picker unions to leverage our low cost technology and provides them with a sustainable source of income - Protoprint

54 What do we need for Inclusive Innovation? Mindsets- Policy makers, STI community, business sector, citizens Conducive Government Policies Leaders with a Difference

55 Conducive Public Policy Incentivizing public and private sector to undertake R&D leading to inclusive innovations Public procurement, guaranteed offtakes, price subsidy for inclusive innovation products and services Fiscal incentives for inclusive innovation National and global recognition for game changing inclusive innovation

56 Indian Inclusive Innovation Fund $ 1 bn in phases Support enterprises developing inclusive innovation solutions For-profit' entity with a focus on social investment

57 Strategic Shifts for Inclusive Innovation Business FROM TO Technologically sophisticated performance rich products with many features Remove features to reduce costs Premium Price-High Margins Functional but high quality products Reinvent the product from ground up Affordable Price- High Volumes Technology Push, Product Out Approach Current Markets- Old Money Use developed world products to transform emerging markets Customer Centric, Market Based Approach New Markets- New Money Build new global growth platforms based on emerging markets

58 Inclusive Innovation Leaders Set ambitious goals and stretch targets. Allow teams to invent the means and reach out beyond the obvious industry practices. Invent Next Practices not just Best Practices Force project teams to be entrepreneurial Strategy as stretch- what is my man on the moon project? Combine Innovation, Passion & Compassion

59 Inclusive Innovation: The Global Game Changer Access Equality Despite Income Inequality Social Equity with Business Competitiveness Doing Well by Doing Good

60 Anjani Mashelkar Inclusive Innovation Award 60

61 Anemia- Hemoglobin Detection Best Practice Invasive with Needles Cost per Test - $ 5 Next Practice Non-Invasive, No Needles Cost per Test- $0.2

62 Affordable Excellence h o 6 2

63 Winner Anjani Mashelkar Inclusive Innovation Award Myshkin Ingawale High Technology : Photoplethysmography + Spectrophotometry myshkin@biosense.in

64 Anjani Mashelkar Inclusive Innovation Award 2011 Intelligent, integrated, pre screening ophthalmology device Non invasive Does not require dilation Portable & affordable Detects 5 major eye ailments (cataract, diabetic retina, glaucoma tools, cornea issues) Cost Just 10% of current machines 64

65 I want to take this to the USA Hillary Clinton 65

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67 2.6 Billion People Income - Less than $2 a day

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70 Thank You