Tahereh Nourbakhsh Bonjar, Fereydoon Azma, Mohsen Malekmohammadi

Transcription

1 International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 2013 Available online at ISSN X / Vol, 4 (7): Science Explorer Publications The Relationship between Information Technology with Success of Entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training Organization in Golestan Province Tahereh Nourbakhsh Bonjar, Fereydoon Azma, Mohsen Malekmohammadi Department of Management and Accounting, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran Corresponding Author: Tahereh Nourbakhsh Bonjar ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between information technology with success of entrepreneurs of the technical and vocational training organization in Golestan province in For this purpose, first, indicators related to success of entrepreneurs were identified based on the model. These indicators included: contemporary knowledge, creativity and innovation, the ability to use a calculated risk and self-confidence of entrepreneurs. Thus, the research hypothesis was "There is a significant relationship between information technology with success of entrepreneurs of the technical and vocational training organization in Golestan province. It consists of four sub-hypothesis that each of them addressed the aspects mentioned. The study sample consisted of 210 entrepreneurs of the technical and vocational training organization in Golestan province that were chosen among the 136 people in the sample based on Kerjesy and Morgan table for it stratified random sampling was selected. The research was descriptive and correlation. To collect data, two questionnaires were used, a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the attitudes of entrepreneurs in IT field and also Naman and Slevin standardized questionnaire to measure the success of entrepreneurs. The information was gathered through secondary information sources such as books, periodicals, the Internet and etc. The approaches of descriptive statistics and inference statistics as Spearman`s correlation test were utilized. After analyzing data using statistical techniques, the hypothesis mentioned were examined that were confirmed with 95 percent possibility. The results showed that between there was a significant relationship between information technology with success of entrepreneurs of the technical and vocational training organization in Golestan province. Keywords: Information technology, Success of entrepreneurs, Contemporary knowledge, Innovation, Self-confidence. INTRODUCTION The information's role in the world is very prodigious and complicated nowadays, so we call current age as information explosion age. On the other hand, the utility of the information technology is outspreading rapidly in the organizations. And the organizations are destitute of the information technologies to reach their goals. Information technology has affected all social activities, such as entrepreneurship prosperity, and has made fundamental vicissitude, and as a noteworthy tool, has converted to the most significant implement for entrepreneurship. There are also a lot of entrepreneurship activity opportunities on Information Technology field. Entrepreneurship is the recommendation of the technology extension, and the technology extension is the infrastructure of entrepreneurship (Bou & Peo, 2010). Information Technology has indicated remarkable superabundant flexibility in the field of entrepreneurship. Such specifications are increased the proficiency of this technology on entrepreneurship and employment. Contemporary information technologies made completely contemporary potential ability in education based on technology, and has created an ability to use information technology in teaching and learning process, especially in optimizing the processes and making the creative atmosphere for entrepreneurship by entrepreneurs. Today there is an idea considered by most of development connoisseurs, that the growth engine and pervasive development of societies and countries are based on entrepreneurship. And with

2 a consideration on developed countries, it has illustrated that entrepreneurs are the developed leaders, and we should consider that Information Technology has prepared new and interesting opportunities in job and employment market, and also has provided widespread employment atmosphere facing entrepreneurs. Theoretical Background of the Research Information technology It can be claimed that during the various technologies appearance history, there is no other technology, like Information Technology getting able to connect various science branches to each other. Information Technology as connector uses all new sciences, to provide recommended information for specialists, industries, organizations and finally everybody in various part of the society,with the best quality and as soon as possible. Today the Information Technology has surpassed the borders of the countries of the world, and has compiled the nations to a unique world society. The Information Technology's role in new organizations is as dominant as, that many of organizational connoisseurs, managers and determinants, recommend the organizations to adopt their strategies in accordance with such technologies in organizational oncoming orientations(poston et al,2010) Information Technology contains indexes related to advanced computer science and technologies, computer design, information systems implementations and their utilities. Information Technology is an assimilation of classic computer science and communication technology to save, operate and transmission of any kind of data such as text, voice, image and other cases (Brizek, 2003). Consisting all forms of technology getting used for create, save and using sever form of information like: Business Information, Voice Calls, movies, multimedia data's and other cases. Information Technology has importance from to aspects. From the utility aspect, the main case is to use the Information Technology as more and vital as possible, toward the several economic and social activities, to improve the performance and reduce the expenses as a result. Against, the technology aspect practices on producing recommended equipment and hardware and software's object. Success of entrepreneurs The importance of entrepreneurship and the production of new employments have been gaining momentum in the recent years. On the whole, the economists have focused on entrepreneurship from the aspect of utilitarianism, investment and risk, and the point of view of supporting economical extension. But it looks like that in a modern society; the role of entrepreneurship is more preponderant than the economical aspect. Entrepreneurs in the world are the creative, innovator, ingenious, and the source of huge mutations in production and services field. Therefore we call them as national heroes. The people making a new job opportunity in industry are Entrepreneurs. As a whole express, the entrepreneurs manage the sources to make a new thing such as a new job, goods or a service or even a new market (Introna, 2010). There is proven a lot of studies about entrepreneurs, but there is no unique explanation about their success from the scholar's point of view; some of them mark the profitability, and some others mark the surviving the company, some of others mark the personnel quantity growth, and also mark the sale increase as the entrepreneurs success sign, but of course an entrepreneur should have various subjective qualification and proficiencies. So in training the entrepreneurs, and especially in leading them toward the success, we contemplate two major factors: First are the Schemes, specifications, and entrepreneurs behavior, and the other factors than the environment prepares them for entrepreneurship activities. Knowing these specifications and the conditions and providing them has changed the entrepreneur's tendency for entrepreneurship, and has increased their self-employment possibility, and has made enough confidence for the people willing start a new job, and finally has increased the success probability of entrepreneurs (Zacharakis & Shepherd, 2009). Jordivilaseca, et al. (2007), in a study, in Spain as "Using Information and Communication Technology, as a Factor of Entrepreneurs Innovation Success", approved on 2038 of employees, has illustrated that there is a positive relation between using the Technology and Communication and Information, and improving the processes related to employees entrepreneurship, and the organizations using proper Communication and information technology, result group activities and innovational processes as an entrepreneurship. Michael Stall G (2005), conducted a research entitled "Information Technology Role in Entrepreneurs Success, in Non-Profit Organizations", study result has illustrated that there is a positive and meaningful relation between Information Technology Science with Entrepreneurs current knowledge toward entrepreneurs success. Hansemark (1998), conducted a research entitled "The Effect of Information and Communication Technologies on Graduated Entrepreneurs Self-Confidence", has illustrated that the educational programs and the benefits of using information and communication technologies, reinforces entrepreneurs self-confidence, and has caused their entrepreneurship activities.

3 Mostafavi (2007) carried out a research as "Information Technology's Effect Analysis on Kerman Province's Industry Entrepreneurs" who concluded that considering to information technology has caused financial, psychological and social but dialectical risks, to reach subjective and financial satisfaction, and entrepreneurs' success that conforms current research. The results of a research by Adelman (2011) entitled, "Virtual Information World Analysis and its Relation with Employees Entrepreneurship" have illustrated that nowadays the "Information Technology" phrase consists of a wide spectrum of success calculations of entrepreneurs and technology. Therefore information technology has various obligations in our new age, which begins with information systems to complicated computer and information networks design, to entrepreneurs' activity gradation. Success of entrepreneurs Information Technology Self confidence Contemporary knowledge Creativity and innovation Calculated risk Self-confidence Figure 1. The theoretical model for the research. MATERIALS AND METHODS For a description of various methods, including methods of survey research, correlational research, action research, and case study research can be used after the event. Since this research involves Relationship between Information technology with Successful entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province, it will be of correlation research type. In this research, statistical population includes entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province and 210 entrepreneurs were selected as the statistical population. In this research, sample size was selected to be 136 people by using Kerjesi and Morgan table. Sampling has been simple random. To collect data, two questionnaires have been used. The first questionnaire is a researcher-made information technology questionnaire with Likert scale with the choices of completely agreed, agreed, neutral,disagreed, completely disagreed. To measure Successful entrepreneurs Naman and Slevin questionnaire has been used.validity of both questionnaires has been proved by experts ideas. To get assured of reliability, Cronbach s Alpha has been used, and reliability of researcher-made information technology questionnaire is 0.91 and reliability of New knowledge 0.88, Creativity and innovation 0.85, The ability to use the calculated risk 0.83, Self-confidence 0.89.In addition, to analyze data, with regard to subject and hypotheses of research, descriptive and inferential statistics and Spearman correlation has been used in SPSS 19 software. RESULTS First hypothesis is proposed as follows: There is significant relationship between information technology with contemporary knowledge entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H0: There is no significant relationship between information technology with Contemporary knowledge entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province.

4 H1: there is significant relationship between information technology with Contemporary knowledge entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. Table 1. between information technology with Contemporary knowledge. s Spearman Contemporary Information technology knowledge Information technology Coefficient ** Sig. (2-tailed)..005 Contemporary knowledge Coefficient.361 ** Sig. (2-tailed).005. Regarding the table, the obtained number for first hypothesis correlation rate is 0.361, and regarding the fact that significant level for this study is 0.005, and that (sig <),=0.05 it shows a relationship between two correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship between information technology with Contemporary knowledge entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province is positive. Second hypothesis is proposed as follows There is a significant relationship between information technology with Creativity and innovation of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H0: There is no significant relationship between information technologies with Creativity and innovation of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H1: There is a significant relationship between information technology with Creativity and innovation of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. Spearman Table 2. between information technology with Creativity and innovation Information technology Creativity andinnovation Information technology Coefficient ** Sig. (2-tailed)..000 Creativity andinnovation Coefficient.694 ** Sig. (2-tailed).000. Regarding the table, the obtained number for Second hypothesis correlation rate is 0.694, and regarding the fact that significant level for this study is 0.000, and that (sig <),=0.05 it shows a relationship between two correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship between information technology with Creativity and innovation of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province is positive Third hypothesis is proposed as follows There is significant relationship between information technology with The ability to use the calculated risk entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H0: There is no significant relationship between information technology with the ability to use the calculated risk of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H1: There is significant relationship between information technology with The ability to use the calculated risk of entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province.

5 Table 3. between information technology with The ability to use the calculated risk. The ability to use the calculated Information technology risk Spearman Information Coefficient ** technology Sig. (2-tailed)..000 The ability to use Coefficient.498 ** the calculated risk Sig. (2-tailed).000. Regarding the table, the obtained number for Third hypothesis correlation rate is 0.498, and regarding the fact that significant level for this study is 0.000, and that (sig <),=0.05 it shows a relationship between two correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship between information technology with The ability to use the calculated risk entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province is positive. Fourth hypothesis is proposed as follows There is significant relationship between information technology with Self-confidence entrepreneurs of the Technical andvocational Training organization in Golestan Province. To examine this hypothesis,spearman correlation test was used and forms of hypotheses are as follow: H0: there is no significant relationship between information technology with Self-confidence entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H1: there is significant relationship between information technology with Self-confidence entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. Table 4. between information technologies with Self-confidence. Information technology success entrepreneurs Spearman Information technology Coefficient ** Sig. (2-tailed)..001 success entrepreneurs Coefficient.423 ** Sig. (2-tailed).001. Regarding the table, the obtained number for Fourth hypothesis correlation rate is 0.492, and regarding the fact that significant level for this study is 0.008, and that (sig <),=0.05 it shows a relationship between two correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship between information technology with Self-confidence entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province is positive. The main hypothesis is proposed as follows: There is significant relationship between information technology with success Entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H0: there is no significant relationship between information technology with success entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province. H1: there is significant relationship between information technology with success entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province.

6 Table 5. between information technology with Success entrepreneurs Information technology Self-confidence Spearman Information technology Coefficient ** Sig. (2-tailed)..008 Self-confidence Coefficient.492 ** Sig. (2-tailed).008. Regarding the table, the obtained number for The main hypothesis correlation rate is 0.423, and regarding the fact that significant level for this study is 0.001, and that (sig <),=0.05 it shows a relationship between two correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship between information technology with success entrepreneurs of the Technical and Vocational Training organization in Golestan Province is positive. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION With a consideration to First Subordination Hypothesis Test, adhesion rate is r =0.361, and regarding to this matter that meaningfulness rate on this test is equal with sig=0.005, We can result with 95% of certainty that there is a meaningful relation between Information Technology with Contemporary knowledge of entrepreneurs,of Golestan Province Technical and Professional Educational Organization, which current prove result is in accordance with prove results of Stall (2005). Considering to the results of First Subordination Hypothesis Test, and with attention to unfamiliarity of most alumnus of Technical and Professional Educational Organization, with Information Technology and its process, and to increase their information, Science and knowledge's of trainees of Technical and Professional Educational Organization, along determining above mentioned matter as prophecy and a base rule of Technical and Professional Educational Organization, should pay attention seriously in the organization programming, educations and Information Technology Consultations in entrepreneurship field,as a lesson or a compulsory course to provide all teachers. With a consideration to Second Subordination Hypothesis Test, adhesion rate is r =0.694, and regarding to this matter that meaningfulness rate on this test is equal with sig=0.000, We can result with 95% of certainty that there is a meaningful relation between Information Technology with Creativity and innovation of entrepreneurs,of Golestan Province Technical and Professional Educational Organization, which current prove result is in accordance with prove results of Jordivilaseca and et al(2007). Considering to the results of Second Subordination Hypothesis Test, We suggest Technical and Professional Educational Organization, to provide incentive factors and persuasion and lead entrepreneurs, to make them utilize Information Technology innovatively, and make entrepreneurs to exercise innovation as a rule, and to introduce the entrepreneurs who have innovation in using the Information Technology to others, and to show their innovation methods in using Information Technology to other entrepreneurs. With a consideration to the third Subordination Hypothesis Test, adhesion rate is r =0.498, and regarding to this matter that meaningfulness rate on this test is equal with sig=0.000, We can result with 95% of certainty that there is a meaningful relation between Information Technology with the ability to use the calculated risk of entrepreneurs,of Golestan Province Technical and Professional Educational Organization, which current prove result is in accordance with prove results of Mostafavi (2007). Considering to the results of Third Subordination Hypothesis Test, We suggest to Administration Office of Technical and Professional Educational Organization, to provide Investment and financial support from graduates of Technical and Professional Educational Organization in the field of Information Technology,who are issued entrepreneurship design related to the Information Technology field, to prevent the entrepreneurs assign to other organizations and Banks to get credits, and to reduce entrepreneurs risk, to provide and pay independent budget or credit to them. With a consideration to the fourth Subordination Hypothesis Test, adhesion rate is r =0.492, and regarding to this matter that meaningfulness rate on this test is equal with sig=0.008, We can result with 95% of certainty that there is a meaningful relation between Information Technology with self-confidence of entrepreneurs,of Golestan Province Technical and Professional Educational Organization, which current prove result is in accordance with

7 prove results of Hansemark(1998). Considering to the results of Fourth Subordination Hypothesis Test, We suggest since sometimes trainees are not prepared enough to enter the market, to make or reinforce the self-confidence of trainee, to novitiate during the education in the field of Information Technologies as a part of their lessons, in accordance along all centers together. With a consideration tothe main Subordination Hypothesis Test, adhesion rate is r =0.423, and regarding to this matter that meaningfulness rate on this test is equal with sig=0.001, We can result with 95% of certainty that there is a meaningful relation between Information Technology withsuccess entrepreneursof entrepreneurs,of Golestan Province Technical and Professional Educational Organization, which current prove result is in accordance with prove results of Adelman (2011). Considering to the results of The main Subordination Hypothesis Test, With a consideration to the results of The main Hypothesis Test, based on meaningfully and positive relation between the Information Technology and Success entrepreneurs of Technical and Professional Educational Organization of Golestan Province, this relation emphasizes that, with attention to Information Technology such as hardware, software and using them, we can extol entrepreneurs success, and paying less attention to Information Technology will cause reduction in the success level of entrepreneurs in the field of Information Technology. So we suggest to Technical and Professional Educational Organization of Golestan Province, to pay enough attention to provide and install Informational Infrastructures such as Computers, Information Networks, Internet and training contemporary Informational Technologies to entrepreneurs, to support them in all levels. Information Technology, has made various changes in all activities such as entrepreneurship activities and has got as the most important utility of entrepreneurs, Informational entrepreneurship is possible in all levels of hardware, software, information and communicational levels. Superabundant investment and the less percentage of possibility, is a preventive matter against the success of an entrepreneur, hence in Information Technology field with its wide spectrum, create various ideas, and the recommended amount of investment to aim goals are not so much, and besides we'll have a reduction in human mistake in Information Operation Network of the Organization. We have more effect of Information Technology on the graduate class of people, professionals and enthusiasts to success, especially those that work with the Information Technology frequently. With considering to this matter that the Graduates, Professionals and the people interested in success are employed in important jobs, and then they have more effect on increasing job successes in the society, we also have to concentrate on Information Technology's effect on this group. REFERENCES Adelman C, A parallel Post SecondaryUniverse: The Certification System in Information Technology. Washington, D. C: U.S. Department of Education. Bou W, Peo C, Social capital, entrepreneal strategies: a study of Taiwigh-tech new ventures, Technological Forecasting & Social Change73,PP Brizek G, The relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and management performance: the sociologicalinfluences of education and environment",research in Higher Education Journal,vol. 8,p Hansemark C, The effects of anentrepreneurship programme on Need for Achievement and Locus of Control of reinforcement",inte Jnl of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research,Vol. 4 No. 1, pp Heeks R, Information systems and developing countries: Failure, success, and local improvisations. The Information Society: Vol. 18: pp Jarod, Brock,haus 2011.The relationship between information technology and organizational entrepreneurial firms to retain workers in New Zealand, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice16: Naman, Slevin, 1998.Dimensionsofsuccessfulentrepreneursin themanufacturingand serviceorganizations. Available at Poston, Financial Impacts of Enterprise Resource Planning Implementations, International Journal Account Information System, 2(4): Zacharakis AL, Bygrave WD, Shepherd DA, Globalentrepreneurship monitor: National entrepreneurship assessment. Kansas City,Mo: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership.