Q. No. BT Level. Question. Domain

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1 UNIT I ~ Introduction To Software Defined Radio Definitions and potential benefits, software radio architecture evolution, technology tradeoffs and architecture implications. Q. No. Question BT Level Domain PART A 1 Outline the features of Software-Defined Radio. Illustrate the Evolution of Software-Defined Radio 3 Identify the layers used in architecture implications of SDR 4 Classify the key applications of SDR 5 Show the dynamic spectrum access Assess the role of spectrum policy. 7 Give the tradeoffs required in SDR. 8 Generalize the design tradeoffs in usage scenarios. BTL - 9 Compare software architecture with radio architecture. 10 Define the term data explosion. 11 Interpret the driving requirements in evolution of SDR 1 Propose the threads used in SDR. BTL - Point out the types of antennas used in SDR 14 Analyze Encapsulation related to SDR 15 What is spectrum pooling and bandwidth exchange? 1 How to apply the property inheritance in SDR architecture 17 Discuss the requirements for SDR architecture. 18 List the potential benefits of SDR 19 Draw the block diagram of SDR. 0 Summarize the functional highlights of SDR. PART B 1 3 (i) Construct the architecture of SDR and explain with neat diagram. (8) (ii) Elaborate on the architecture implications of software defined radio. (8) (i) Assess the Logical levels of Abstraction of SDR (8) (ii) Determine the Signal Processing streams of SDR (8) (i) Categorise the potential benefits in SDR. (8) (ii) Point out how technology tradeoffs takes place in Software Defined Radio. (8) BTL -

2 (i) Define polymorphism. Give an example of polymorphic behavior of an antenna; of an RF conversion subsystem; of an IF processor. (8) (ii) What capability does a polymorphic object need that two dedicatedfunction objects, called differently and in different contexts to accomplish similar tasks, do not need? (8) (i) Give examples of encapsulated objects that define the personality of a radio. (8) (ii) Give an example of a lowest-level object and of a highest-level object(8) (i) List the primary reasons that the military sector might embrace the open architecture SDR. (8) (ii) Identify the hurdles currently evolution of SDR is facing. (8) (i) Illustrate the ideal Software Radio with an example. (8) (ii) Show the reference design for a SDR implementation mentioning the Software Radio reference platform parameters. (8) (i) Explain the Spectrum management Implications in SDR. (8) (ii) Describe about the tiers in SDR in detail. (8) (i) Identify the building components of SDR. Explain in detail (8) (ii) Report on the applications of SDR. (8) (i) Draw and explain the typical implementation of open architecture in SDR.(8) (i) Write the potentials for Software Defined Radio.(8) (i) Analyze the SDR software architecture. (8) (ii) Examine the top down object oriented design of SDR. (8) (i) Express how does message passing facilitate distributed processing?(8) (ii) How does it facilitate partitioning software into objects? What types of messages are used in radio software? (8) (i) How software architecture is implemented? (8) (ii) Distinguish software architecture from radio architecture. (8) (i)why do radio functions benefit from a layered approach to software components? (8) (ii)observe how logical layers related to physical code. (8) UNIT II ~ SDR Architecture Essential functions of the software radio, basic SDR, hardware architecture, Computational processing resources, software architecture, top level component interfaces, interface topologies among plug and play modules. Q. No. Question PART A BT Level Domain 1 What is SCA? Define the architecture relating the system, technology and economics for a Software radio. 3 What are the characteristics and properties of joint control in SDR?

3 4 Write the functions of Load/Execute interface component in SDR. 5 Mention the characteristics of a clear bitstream. State the characteristics of a network interface. 7 Give the basic SDR definition as per the SDR Forum BTL 8 What is meant by plug and play in the SDR interface? BTL 9 How does the hardware architecture support the SDR? BTL 10 In what way does the protected bit stream help the SDR interface? BTL 11 Identify the role of Software architecture in SDR. BTL 3 1 Explain how the cryptographic security function is performed in SDR. BTL 3 Give the relationship between cognitive radio and SDR BTL 3 14 List out the functions of Software Defined Radio. BTL 4 15 Name some of the top level interface components in SDR. BTL 4 1 Analyze various levels of abstraction of the software radio. BTL 4 17 Describe the meaning of API. BTL 5 18 Bring about the limitations of SDR BTL 5 19 Formulate the design rule in SDR architecture. BTL 0 Justify SDR s capability to make it a Cognitive Radio with 3 major applications. PART B BTL (i)what is the software basic model of SDR? (8) (ii) Outline the various functional allocation of software radio functional Model. (8) (i) Explain the interfaces used in plug and play modules. (8) (ii)what are the various levels of abstraction of the SW radio? Explain. (8) (i) Write the various steps involved in the reception of the signal in SDR.(8) ii) Show how a Linear and OOPS programming is used in the software architecture of SDR. (8) (i) Mention about the Hardware architecture of SDR. (8) (ii) What are the user applications of SDR? (8) 5 (i) Describe RF front end in SDR architecture. (8) (ii) Identify the components of Digital back end in SDR and explain. (8)

4 (i) Observe the functional model of a software radio communication system and write a note on it. (8) (ii) Discuss the characteristics of the top level components in SDR interface.(8) (i) Summarize various steps involved in the transmission of the signal in SDR. (8) (ii) Discuss in detail about Computer based programming and Aspect oriented programming in SDR. (8) (i) Explain the computational processing resources in SDR. (8) (ii) Describe the software architecture model and explain the same. (8) (i) Demonstrate the Software architecture of SDR with suitable diagram. (8) (ii) Illustrate the objectives of SDR. (8) (i) Sketch the data flow in coherent radio receiver designed for analog systems in SDR. (8) (ii) Interpret the interfaces used in plug and play module of SDR. (8) Point out all the four basic classes of programming processors and describe in detail. (1) (i) Examine the role of general purpose processor in the software architecture.(8) (ii) Categorize the essential functions of SDR. (8) (i) Analyse the properties of the top level components in SDR interface. (8) (ii) The software Radio acts as a platform for the Cognitive Radio :-Justify. (8) (i) Assess the functions of Digital signal processor. (8) (ii) Evaluate the data flow for digital signal in a coherent radio receiver. (8) BTL BTL BTL BTL 3 BTL 3 BTL 4 BTL 4 BTL 4 BTL 5 14 Device four basic design philosophies in software architecture of SDR. (1) BTL UNIT III ~ INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE RADIOS Marking radio self-aware, cognitive techniques position awareness, environment awareness in cognitive radios, optimization of radio resources, Artificial Intelligence Techniques. Q. No. Question BT Level Domain PART A 1 Explore how radio optimization of radio resources is achieved. Illustrate object recognition and tracking? 3 Define Spectral efficiency. 4 Classify the sensing mechanism in cognitive radios. 5 Generalize the main error sources in Cognitive radio BTL - Draw the conceptual model of location and environment awareness cycle. 7 Compare large scale and small scale characteristics. 8 Discuss the methods to estimate the position using radiosensing sensors.

5 9 State the principle of radiovision sensors. 10 Express how acoustic based sensors are utilized for cognitive location aware applications. 11 Summarize the environment awareness engine. 1 Name the subsystems of location awareness engine. Outline the key factor in multiobjective problems. 14 Devise a utility function to optimize the radio resources. BTL - 15 Justify information and knowledge are important concepts for a cognitive radio. 1 Sketch the dependency map of the objective functions 17 Analyze the population using Pareto ranking analysis. 18 Compare intelligent radio and policy based radio. 19 What is location awareness in cognitive radio? 0 Outline Self aware cognitive radio. PART B (i) Enumerate the Physical and Link layer parameters to improve the performance of communication link in CR. (8) (ii) Draw and explain the generic transmitter for radio control in Cognitive radio.(8) (i) Define MODM and its basic application in CR (ii) Describe the generic algorithmic approach to MODM.(8) (i) Devise a Smart agent model in CR.(8) (ii) Depict how Artificial Intelligence isused in Radio environment map.(8) (i) Demonstrate the Conceptual model for cognitive radios with location and environment awareness cycles. (8) (ii) Examine how signals are acquired in Cognitive radio, and explain about sensing mechanisms. (8) (i) Discuss about the location and environment awareness in the nature and in wireless systems. (8) (ii) Explain about the Sensing interface. (8) (i) Explore the features of Location awareness engine.(8) (ii) Determine the Adaptation features used in the conceptual model. (8) (i) Interpret the Topographical information related to environment awareness engine.(8) (ii)evaluate the Propagation Characteristics involved in environment awareness (8) (i) (ii) Review the cognitive location and environment system based on the range accuracy metric.(8) Explain the Transmitter impairment effects and Environmental effects.(8) BTL -

6 (i) Audit the Artificial Intelligence techniques used in wireless communication systems. (8) (ii) Analyze the Self-aware network in Cognitive radio system.(8) (i) Express the Multiobjective Optimization for radio resources.(8) (ii) Describe the impact of BER in optimizing the radio resources. (8) (i) Observe whether Bandwidth is an objective considered for radio resources optimization.(8) (ii) Elaborate the Network Localization in the Cognitive radio. (8) (i) (ii) How interference power is computed in CR and optimization is achieved? (8) Identify the influence of Throughput and computational complexity in the optimization of radio power. (8) (i) (ii) Determine the Multibjective analysis is performed for the multiobjective optimization problem.(8) Examine how Performanceis evaluated in a multiobjective problem using Population based analysis(8) 14 (i) Outline the Design Consideration involved in implementation of Conceptual model for cooperative location awareness.(8) (ii) Point out the need for a higher layer intelligence. (8) UNIT IV~ COGNITIVE RADIO ARCHITECTURE Cognitive Radio - functions, components and design rules, Cognition cycle - orient, plan, decide and act phases, Inference Hierarchy, Architecture maps, Building the Cognitive Radio Architecture on Software defined Radio Architecture. Q.No. Question BT Level PART A Domain 1 Name the functional components of Cognitive Radio Architecture Give examples for Cognitive Electronics. 3 Explore the advanced services would be enabled by ideal Cognitive Radio. 4 Compare SDR with icr. 5 Draw the Cognitive Radio Architecture Outline the act phase knowledge representation. 7 Summarize the objective of the Cognitive radio architecture. 8 Illustrate the Minimum taxonomy of radio knowledge. 9 List the primary functions of Cognitive radio. 10 Categorize the design rules of cognitive radio BTL -

7 11 Sketch the cognitive behavior model. 1 Interpret the prayer behavior in Cognitive Radio. Classify the parameters of cognition function Express the world model in CRA. 15 Assess the importance of Cognition cycle. 1 Report on sense and perceive in icr 17 Estimate the use of Plan phase components in CRA. 18 Review the topological maps in CRA. 19 Organize the issues addressed by Industrial strength architetures BTL - 0 When does binding occurs in CR cycle. PART B (i) Examine how will emerging CR services differentiate products (ii) Analyze the benefits of CR to users on the way to a vision of the future.(8) (i)determine the simplest CRA? How could the architecture evolve through initiatives such as the SDR Forum s CR special-interest group? (8) (ii) Interpret where would QoI drive the PHY MAC technology? Network layers? Applications? User as the eighth layer of the protocol stack? (8) (i) Demonstrate how is regulatory rule making shaping CR markets? (8) (ii) Express how will today s discrete cell phone, PDA, and laptops merge into the icr wardrobe?(8) (i)when does AAR have sufficient sensor perception for dynamic spectrum? (8) (ii)which SDR platforms are compatible and incompatible with CR evolution?(8) (i)investigate how CRA identifies self, owner and home network. (8) (ii)probe on the Industrial strength interference hierarchy. (8) (i) Discus the components of orient, plan and decide phases in detail. (8) (ii) Summarize on the natural language encapsulation.(8) (i) Inspect when should a radio transition toward Cognition. (8) (ii) Point out the Modeled topological maps of CRA. (8) (i)categorize the Cognition Components based on the computational intelligence and explain the components. (8) (ii) Devise the flexible functions of the component Architecture in Cognitive radio. (8) (i) Elaborate the design rules which includes the functional component interfaces. (8) (ii) Describe the term Self Referential Inconsistency in detail. (8) BTL - 10 (i)draw the Cognition Cycle and explain in detail. (8)

8 (ii)write a note on Inference Hierarchy. (8) (i) Explain in detail about architectural maps. (8) (ii) Classify the modes of behaviors in CRA, explain the modes. (8) (i)outline the building of CRA on SDR architectures. (8) (ii) Sketch the functions-transforms Model of Radio with appropriate diagram. (8) (i)how cognitive radio functions are mapped to the components of a wireless PDA within the environment architecture? (8) (ii)review of SWR and SDR principles. (8) (i)show the reinforces hierarchical sequences and NLE. (8) (ii)exhibit the primary functions of Cognitive radio with diagram. (8) UNIT V ~ NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS The XG Network architecture, spectrum sensing, spectrum management, spectrum mobility, spectrum sharing, upper layer issues, cross layer design. Q.No. Question BT Level PART A Domain 1 Summarize the main functions for cognitive radios in XG networks. Demonstrate the Spectrum Sensing techniques. 3 What is a primary network? 4 List the components of an XG network. 5 Name the Access types in XG networks. What is a spectrum hand off? 7 Express the Spectrum mobility issues 8 Illustrate the applications of XG networks 9 Classify the spectrum sensing techniques 10 Analyze the issues in the spectrum mobility 11 Examine the challenges in spectrum sensing 1 Identify the parameters to represent the quality of the particular spectrum band. Elaborate the Challenges in spectrum management BTL - 14 Outline the features of Spectrum mobility 15 Organize the major steps involved in the process of spectrum sharing BTL - 1 Report on the spectrum sharing in XG networks. 17 Assess the Open research issues for routing in XG networks.

9 Define spectrum hand off latency Estimate the parameters that affect the quality of the user application in cross layer spectrum management. Interpret the upper layer issues which are important for the realization of dynamic spectrum networks. PART B (i)explain the XG network communication functionalities with an appropriate diagram. (8) (ii)describe the physical architecture of the cognitive radio. (8) (i)assess the XG network functions with diagram. (8) (ii)evaluate the cases on which XG networks can be applied. (8) (i)classify the Spectrum Sensing techniques, explain how it is utilized in transmitter detection.(8) (ii)analyze the spectrum analyzing techniques used in XG networks. (8) (i)what are the challenges faced by spectrum sensing? (8) (ii)write about Interference temperature model.(8) (i)elaborate the spectrum management challenges and the Spectrum analysis.(8) (i)propose a XG network considering architecture, spectrum allocation behavior and spectrum access techniques. (8) (i)give examples for existing architectures for XG networks and write a brief note on it. (8) (ii)show the classification of next generation networks based on the access technology. (8) (i)relate the concept of cooperative in spectrum sharing. (8) (ii)use Virtual Cube model for modelling the network resources. (8) (i) Demonstrate the representative examples of the XG network architectures.(8) (ii)outline the features of primary network. (8) (i)show how spectrum hand off occurs in XG networks. (8) (ii)interpret the Centralized spectrum sharing and Distributed Spectrum sharing in XG networks. (8) (i)outline the cross layer design in XG networks.(8) (ii)draw and explain the Cognitive cycle.(8) (i)categorize the upper layer issues in XG networks. (8) (ii)examine the Cross layer challenges in spectrum management. (8) (i)illustrate the Inter network sharing in XG networks. (8) (ii)compare the Inter-network and intra-network sharing in XG networks. (8) (i)inspect the steps involved in spectrum sharing in XG networks.(8) (ii)discuss in detail the parameters involved in Spectrum analysis of XG networks. (8) (i)how transmitter detection takes place in XG networks based on energy. (8) (ii)when receiver uncertainty and shadowing uncertainty does occurs? explain in detail.(8) BTL -

A review paper on Software Defined Radio

A review paper on Software Defined Radio 1 Priyanka S. Kamble, 2 Bhalchandra B. Godbole Department of Electronics Engineering K.B.P.College of Engineering, Satara, India. Abstract -In this paper, we summarize