Ancient Greece Review Sheet. 1. Why did the Athenians build their cities on an acropolis? for defense _

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1 Chapter 8: Section 1 Name Period Date of Test: Ancient Greece Review Sheet 1. Why did the Athenians build their cities on an acropolis? for defense _ 2. Complete this chart: Greek Imports (from colonies) copper iron Greek Exports wine Olive oil 3. Describe how two geographical features either impeded (hurt, or got in the way of) or promoted (helped) the Greek civilization. Geographical Feature: Mountains Made travel difficult Isolated city-states Geographical Feature: Seas Provided transportation for for trade trade Allowed them to become good shipbuilders Provided food Allowed them to become great sailors 4. Why were the Greek colonies and Greek mainland interdependent (meaning they rely on each other)?

2 They relied on each other for products that they couldn t produce alone 5. List three reasons that the Greeks established colonies. To increase their trading power To handle their growing population To improve their security Chapter 8: Section 2 6. List three similarities between the direct democracy of Athens and the representative democracy of the United States In both democracies citizens had a say in the government In both democracies voters needed to be 18 to participate in the government _ In both democracies officials and jury members are paid for their service 7. Explain two differences between the direct democracy of Athens and the representative democracy of the United States.

3 In Athens But in the United States In Athens But in the United States Sample Responses: In Athens, only male citizens voted, but in the U.S., males and female citizens can vote. In Athens, only men could hold elected offices, while in the United States, men and women can hold elected offices. In Athens, officeholders were chosen by lot, while in the United States, they are elected. In Athens, every male citizen was to vote on every issue. In the United States we elect representatives who make the decisions for us. In Athens, one needed to be born there to be considered a citizen, while in the United States, one can earn citizenship Chapter 8: Section 3 and Chapter 9: Section 4 8. Fill in this chart regarding the enduring impact of the Greeks in the area of literature: Literature Legacy Its Use at the Time Its Impact Today

4 myths epic poetry lyric poetry fables history drama Stories to explain actions of the gods & world around them Long poems that told about their heroes and gods & influenced their education systems Iliad and Odyssey Poetry that was set to music Short stories written to teach moral lessons, give advice on how to live First to write about history; wrote from a neutral point of view to hopefully learn not to repeat mistakes part of their religious ceremonies. Actors and performed scenes in honor of the gods & heroes. These plays became a popular form of entertainment We read them as entertainment & to understand the culture influenced later writers. They copied the writing styles and borrowed some of the stories and ideas he wrote about in his works the words of songs are called lyrics after these ancient Greek poets. We read them for entertainment and the life lessons they teach still apply today We can learn about the history of the ancient people from these writings and today s historians write same way (neutral) Inspire today s writers who use their styles of comedy and tragedy (tv, live performance, movies)

5 Chapter 9: Section 1 9. The establishment of Greek colonies eventually led to wars with what empire? Persian Empire 10. In what way is the battle of Thermopylae significant to history? It led to the eventual defeat of the Persians and preserved democracy Chapter 9: Section What is the reason that the Spartans saw it appropriate to leave weak babies on a hillside to die? Spartans believed that sick babies could never contribute meaningfully to their civilization and therefore let them die. Chapter 9: Section Describe two legacies that the Greeks left in the areas of art and architecture. Art Sculptures and paintings were designed to be very detailed and realistic; artists studied human body to make their paintings realistic. Later artists also tried to make their artwork realistic Architecture Greeks built carefully and paid attention to detail; they used columns around buildings; made them bulge in middle to avoid optical illusion. Inspired today s architects

6 13. See your notes on Greek Engineering to fill in this chart: Engineering Legacy Its Use At The Time Its Impact Today Astrolabe to tell time, navigate, measure heights of buildings, to chart position of stars for Further improved by later civilizations to create better navigational tools horoscopes Pulley Block Helped to lift very heavy objects easily, used in the shipping and construction industries Has same uses today Wood Screw/Water Screw Ore Smelting Faster Ships (Trireme) used to press blocks together to press olives to make olive oil and grapes for wine making, used to bring water from lower to higher level melting ore to make metals to be used to make weapons, armor, pipes, etc. had a shallow hull, three tiers of rowers, and a battering ram that could reach speeds up to 9 mph Used similarly today also the screw was developed as a way to fasten objects together Used similarly today to make metals for a variety of purposes Inspired later shipbuilders to create fast ships used in shipping and naval industries Use your Historical Perspectives worksheet to help you answer the following: 14. What is the main role of historians and archaeologists? To analyze historical events and issues from the perspective of those living at the time.

7 15. List three examples of a norm in today s society in the United States. Tipping waiters/waitresses, wearing clothes in public, using computers/smart phones Opening doors for people, using social networking, recycling, etc. 16. What is the difference between a primary and a secondary source? A primary source is from a person who experienced the event first hand, whereas a secondary source did not. Refer to your International Trade Game w.s. 17. What was the main reason your group was forced to trade and be interdependent on other countries in order to be successful in the international trade game? Having only certain types of productive resources available

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