IMPROVING THE TECHNOLOGY OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT AT AN ENTERPRISE

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 13, December 2018, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_09_13_014 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed IMPROVING THE TECHNOLOGY OF INNOVATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT AT AN ENTERPRISE Olga Anatolyevna Blokhina Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation , Moscow, Russia Olga Nikolaevna Beketova, Evgenia Evgenyevna Kuzmina and Olga Yevgenievna Lebedeva Institute for Tourism and Hospitality , Moscow, Russia Marina Ivanovna Podzorova Bauman Moscow State Technical University , Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT The article is devoted to the improvement of technology of innovation systems management at an enterprise. It has been established that effectiveness of innovation activity of an enterprise, its innovative attractiveness and competitiveness in the innovation markets significantly depend on management of the innovation system as a part of the enterprise and management of its interaction with partners. It has been proved that in order to establish effective interaction, it is necessary to determine whether a potential partner is capable of cooperating in the innovation sphere. It has been determined that in order to increase the efficiency of innovation, an enterprise needs to increase the level of use of open innovation, improve the organizational structure, determine the circle of persons who will be directly responsible for cooperation, use the innovative development roadmap, make management decisions on the choice of partners for interaction at all levels. Key words: Technology, Management, Innovation System, Efficiency, Products, Modernization, Industry. Cite this Article: Olga Anatolyevna Blokhina, Olga Nikolaevna Beketova, Evgenia Evgenyevna Kuzmina, Olga Yevgenievna Lebedeva and Marina Ivanovna Podzorova, Improving the Technology of Innovation Systems Management at an Enterprise, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(13), 2018, pp editor@iaeme.com

2 Olga Anatolyevna Blokhina, Olga Nikolaevna Beketova, Evgenia Evgenyevna Kuzmina, Olga Yevgenievna Lebedeva and Marina Ivanovna Podzorova 1. INTRODUCTION The integration of the Russian economy into the European economic space requires the introduction of innovations into the processes of creation, production and sales of products. The lack of own funds for research and development, the modernization of production on the innovative basis, the breakdown of traditional ties that integrated academic, sectoral and industrial science have led to a decrease in the number of innovatively active enterprises. Improving the innovation infrastructure and establishing partnerships in the innovation sphere will contribute to the development of innovation systems not only at the macro level but also at the micro level. Under such conditions, the issue of the formation of scientific regulations and practical recommendations on the management of innovative activities, innovation systems of enterprises, using the advantages of partnership and innovative openness, is actualized. The study of problems of improving the technology of managing innovation systems at enterprises has been reflected in the works by N.V. Anikeeva [1], S.A. Karpov [2], E.S. Kotova [3], V.V. Mironova [4], M.Yu. Chaikov [5], Yu.B. Yabanzhi [6] and others. Analysis of scientific works revealed the need for further development of scientific, methodological and applied aspects of inertial control technology, the use of open innovation in enterprise management. 2. METHODS The theoretical and scientific-methodological fundamentals of the article are the methods of scientific knowledge, general scientific principles and developments in the management of enterprise innovation systems. To achieve the goal and solve certain tasks, the article used a set of general scientific and special research methods, in particular: monographic method for study of the enterprise innovation system; methods of analysis and synthesis for development of scientific foundations for the use of open innovation in managing the interaction of innovation systems of enterprise; methods of structural-functional and structural-logical analysis for development of conceptual provisions for implementation of open innovation in enterprise management. The information base of the research is the laws and regulatory data of state bodies, data of financial and management reporting of enterprises, works of Russian and foreign scientists, Internet resources, documents regulating the technology of managing innovation systems at the enterprise. In the process of research, it is planned to improve the technology of managing innovation systems at an enterprise, develop measures for coordinating innovation activities between the main subdivisions of an enterprise, and substantiate the provision for managing the innovative development of an enterprise at various levels of costs. 3. RESULTS The innovation system of an individual enterprise forms the basis of the country's innovative development, and the effectiveness of its management is one of the main conditions for successful interaction both between enterprises and with external partners at the regional and national levels to achieve the target effects. The practice has shown that the emphasis in economic development should be shifted from traditional efforts to strengthen scientific research to the priority development of innovations, the introduction of new scientific and technical developments into practice. The priority of production in this direction will allow creating a reliable link between research and the market, editor@iaeme.com

3 Improving the Technology of Innovation Systems Management at an Enterprise speeding up the development of new technologies and innovations, which will allow initiating new business structures, help small and medium-sized enterprises to increase production volumes. With the aim of practical implementation of management decisions in this context, it is advisable to develop the appropriate mechanism that can be presented as a mechanism for managing an enterprise s innovation system based on the open innovation model and is aimed at intensifying the innovation development of individual enterprises. Therefore, the management mechanism of innovation system of an enterprise can be defined as the interconnected set of economic relations, principles, methods and forms of organization of cooperation between innovation systems that will increase the level of innovation attractiveness of the enterprise (Figure 1). The functioning of the mechanism for managing the innovation system of an enterprise as a system of measures of the managerial level is carried out with the help of the following: synthesis of regulatory measures that provide opportunity to bring the objectively possible and necessary mechanism closer to the realities of economic life; the actual mechanism that corrects the trajectory of innovative enterprise in the market; coordination of social, group and personal interests of employees of the research and production industry and ensuring the effective functioning and development of the economy on this basis. Figure 1. Management mechanism of an enterprise s innovation system Among the environmental factors that have a direct impact on enterprise's innovation systems, one can mention national and regional innovation systems, as well as innovation climate (political, economic, technological, sociocultural factors, consumer sentiment). The national innovation system ensures legal regulation of innovation activity of an enterprise, creates the innovation infrastructure, forms the state innovation policy, and creates conditions for the successful functioning of the enterprise. The state innovation policy should be aimed at direct economic use of scientific and technical potential, strengthening of internal relations of enterprises in the scientific and technical complex. The main directions of this policy are as follows: 1) Improving the mechanism of innovative development. Raising the level and expanding the scope of research and development, including by systematically increasing the share of editor@iaeme.com

4 Olga Anatolyevna Blokhina, Olga Nikolaevna Beketova, Evgenia Evgenyevna Kuzmina, Olga Yevgenievna Lebedeva and Marina Ivanovna Podzorova expenditures on science in the state budget; development of basic research that is of particular importance for transition of the economy to innovative development path; optimization of the structure of institutions and business entities operating in scientific and technical sphere; creation of innovative structures, information and infrastructure enterprises that contribute to introduction of new technologies in production; improving the organizational and economic mechanism of international technology transfer in order to create political, legal and economic conditions for growth of foreign capital inflows, as well as the export of domestic technologies. 2) Stimulating innovation activities. Application of benefits for the entire cycle of innovation process from basic research to implementation in production in terms of using innovations to increase the volume and improve the quality of products; differentiation of the size of tax benefits depending on the activity in the innovation process of specific enterprises, organizations and individuals subject to annual increase in their spending on research and development work by at least 25%. 3) Development of banking and financial activities. Encouraging the creation of specialized innovative banks, as well as long-term lending funds of operating commercial banks by setting preferential taxation of funds invested to achieve technological changes, changes in the procedure for allocating funds from value-added tax; the establishment of reduced rate of mandatory reserve funds for commercial banks engaged in concessional long-term loans for innovative projects. All the above measures, if properly implemented, will stimulate the development of innovation policy and increase the effectiveness of management of enterprises innovation systems interaction. The regional innovation system should contribute to the creation of regional innovation production clusters, formation and development of relations between innovative enterprises operating in the territory of the region, state regional institutions and scientific and educational institutions. The importance of the influence of innovation climate on the formation of the interaction between enterprises should be noted separately. Crisis in politics and the economy of a country can negatively affect the development of enterprises. In this situation, the search for a reliable partner is of relevance, and cooperation can provide guarantees for the fulfillment of obligations on terms and conditions that are mutually beneficial for partners. However, despite the significant role of the external environment in the activities of an enterprise, the main processes occur in its internal environment. The main objectives of enterprise management may include the following: development and manufacture of innovative products; increase of the level of competitiveness of the enterprise; increase in profitability of the enterprise. To achieve these goals, management of the enterprise needs to solve the following tasks: to ensure the use of open innovation in management; to establish cooperation with other enterprises, including the involvement of scientific and educational institutions in joint activities. To solve these problems, it is necessary to proceed to the development of a program of interaction with innovation systems of other enterprises. The management of the innovation system of an enterprise is based on two main components: organizational measures and economic levers. Organizational measures include increasing the level of using open innovations (attracting external specialists, entering new markets, creating a specialized information resource for exchanging ideas with partners in the process of interaction), improving the organizational structure of enterprise (use of roadmap for innovative development, making management decisions on choice of partners for interaction at all levels and their approval, development and editor@iaeme.com

5 Improving the Technology of Innovation Systems Management at an Enterprise implementation of scenarios of interaction with partners, formation of inter-system economic relations. Economic instruments should provide and complement organizational measures, including the company's own financial resources, in particular, the company's net profit; transfer prices, the savings from which can be used to finance innovative projects; investment resources the resources with the help of which the company can implement certain measures to improve the innovation attractiveness; material incentives for employees (to increase the level of efficiency and speed up the implementation of proposed activities). The practice has shown that organizational measures and economic instruments in combination influence the innovation system of an enterprise, improving and developing it. This is how the renewed innovation potential is formed, the innovation infrastructure of the enterprise is developed, and innovation culture of the enterprise is improved. Taken together, they affect the functioning and interaction of subsystems of innovation systems to produce targeted effects. The results of managing innovation systems of the enterprise are entering new markets, attracting new consumers, investors and partners, as well as new scientific and technical knowledge. Due to implementation and use of these measures and instruments, the following goals are achieved: economic and organizational balance of innovative development is achieved, innovative attractiveness of the enterprise is increased, the cost of producing innovative products is reduced, and revenues from the sale of innovative products are increasing. At the same time, at the planning stage, management of the enterprise determines the goals and objectives that need to be achieved, form cross-functional teams in order to develop the action plan and activities. At the organizational stage, organizational measures and economic instruments are determined, with the help of which the realization of certain goals for the enterprise becomes possible. At the stage of activation, the improvement and development of functional components of the enterprise innovation system take place. Therefore, the innovation potential improves when restructuring the material and technical base for the production of innovative products, updating scientific personnel, attracting investments and new ideas. There is the development of the innovation infrastructure through significant funding, including through national and regional programs to support the innovative development of enterprises. The innovative culture at the enterprise is also improving due to the development of creative thinking of the staff, in particular, scientific and technical staff, through cooperation with other scientists. Thus, at this stage, there is an improvement in the interaction of subsystems of the enterprise's innovation system with partners. Studies show that control involves comparing planned results with actual ones with respect to attracting new customers, investors and consumers, and production and sale of innovative products. It is advisable to consider reducing costs and increasing profits during cooperation with partners as target effects from the management of the innovation system of the enterprise. 4. DISCUSSION The reliability of the presented approaches is confirmed by the fact that the mechanism for managing the innovation system of an enterprise also provides for interaction with partners and, therefore, determines the need to establish according to what scenarios such interaction can occur. In this aspect, the main scenarios of such cooperation are highlighted, provided that the enterprise has already conducted market research, determined the needs of consumers,

6 Olga Anatolyevna Blokhina, Olga Nikolaevna Beketova, Evgenia Evgenyevna Kuzmina, Olga Yevgenievna Lebedeva and Marina Ivanovna Podzorova calculated the estimated cost of the innovative project, decided to involve partners and external participants in the innovation process, and conducted a patent search. In case of transfer of partner s technology, the company must send the appeal for the provision of technology to the partner. The managers of enterprises and relevant departments must agree on the conditions for the transfer of technology. After the transfer of technology, further production and sale of innovative products are carried out by the enterprise independently. This approach can work in another direction that is the partner who becomes the customer of the technology with its subsequent use for the independent production of innovative products. Partnership is also possible in the process of joint research and development work. If the partner enterprise does not have the appropriate technology, then a proposal for joint research is put forward. After agreeing on the terms of cooperation, joint research and development work is carried out. As for mass production, there are two possible options: independent production by enterprise and joint production of innovative products with the partner. Similarly, product sales can occur in existing markets, and possibly with the use of new markets, including partner markets. However, the practice has shown that it is possible to attract an external agent to conduct research and development, provided that the partner enterprise does not have the appropriate technology and for certain reasons cannot conduct joint research. In this case, the company may contact the external agent for research. They may be educational and scientific institutions, as well as other enterprises of the industry. Technological parks can be considered as partners. Upon receipt of consent for the execution of work, the terms of cooperation are coordinated with the involvement of the relevant departments of the enterprise and representatives of the external agent. It is worth noting that the role of an external agent for implementation of research and development can be performed by the scientific and technical center or another research enterprise. The enterprise can also take advantage of the use of information resource by posting there a request for solving certain innovative tasks. Users of the resource and they may be employees of other enterprises, competing enterprises, and amateur inventors from other countries can send comments on their proposals with corresponding conditional preservation of intellectual property rights. In this case, the company checks the possibility of implementing this proposal and, in the case of a positive decision, the terms of cooperation are agreed upon. It is also possible that the partner investor is involved in the production of innovative products. The partner enterprise can act as a supplier of resources on the terms of transfer prices, which will significantly reduce the cost of work on the production of innovative products and can be an investor in the innovative project of the enterprise. For both options, the coordination of interaction conditions should occur at the level of heads of enterprises and relevant specialized units. 5. CONCLUSIONS Summing up, it can be noted that effectiveness of innovation activity of an enterprise, its innovative attractiveness, and hence competitiveness in innovation markets significantly depend on the management of innovation system as a part of the enterprise and its interaction with partners. To establish effective interaction, it is necessary to determine whether a potential partner can cooperate in the innovation sphere. Studies show that to improve the efficiency of innovation, the enterprise needs to increase the level of use of open innovation, improve the organizational structure, determine the sphere editor@iaeme.com

7 Improving the Technology of Innovation Systems Management at an Enterprise of persons who will be directly responsible for cooperation, use the innovative development roadmap, make management decisions on the choice of partners for interaction at all levels, develop and implement scenarios of interaction with partners. REFERENCES [1] Anikeeva, N. V. Marketing innovations at industrial enterprise in conditions of instability. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov SWorld, 17(3), 2014, pp [2] Karpov, S. A., Zvyagintseva, O. P. and Beketova, O. N. Problems of waste management at the enterprises of industrial complex of the Moscow region. Nauchnyi vestnik oboronnopromyshlennogo kompleksa Rossii, 1, 2018, pp [3] Kotova, E. S. Actual problems of innovation management in industrial enterprise. Ekonomicheskaya sreda, 1(19), 2017, pp [4] Mironova, V. V. Organizational and managerial innovations in the programs of innovative management of domestic industrial enterprises. Aktual'nye problemy ekonomiki i menedzhmenta, 1(13), 2017, pp [5] Chaykov, M. Yu. Innovative development program as the main tool for planning and implementing innovations in industrial enterprise. Mikroekonomika, 5, 2015, pp [6] Yabanzhi, Yu. B. Innovation Management in Industrial Enterprise. Aktual'nye problemy aviatsii i kosmonavtiki, 2(12), 2016, pp [7] Dr. Fredrick Michael Sanga, Poor Technology Initiation Leads to Poor Technology Innovation (Case Study of Tanzania). International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp editor@iaeme.com