Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3962

Transcription

1 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3962 Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen University of Dortmund, Germany Madhu Sudan Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Moshe Y. Vardi Rice University, Houston, TX, USA Gerhard Weikum Max-Planck Institute of Computer Science, Saarbruecken, Germany

2 Wijnand IJsselsteijn Yvonne de Kort Cees Midden Berry Eggen Elise van den Hoven (Eds.) Persuasive Technology First International Conference on Persuasive Technology for Human Well-Being, PERSUASIVE 2006 Eindhoven, The Netherlands, May 18-19, 2006 Proceedings 13

3 Volume Editors Wijnand IJsselsteijn Yvonne de Kort Cees Midden Eindhoven University of Technology Technology Management P.O.Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands Berry Eggen Elise van den Hoven Eindhoven University of Technology Industrial Design P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands Library of Congress Control Number: CR Subject Classification (1998): H.5, H.1, J.3-4, K.4.1, I.6, I.2.0, I.2.6 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 3 Information Systems and Application, incl. Internet/Web and HCI ISSN ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: /

4 Preface Persuasive technology is the general class of technology that has the explicit purpose of changing human attitudes and behaviours. Persuasive technologies apply principles of social psychology in influencing people; principles of credibility, trust, reciprocity, authority and the like. Social psychologists have spent a great deal of effort over many years in trying to understand how attitude and behaviour change comes about, focusing on the effectiveness of human persuaders, and the persuasive power of messages delivered through non-interactive mass-media, such as newspapers or television. Harnessing the persuasive power of current interactive media, persuasive technology was recently identified as a separate research field, as evidenced by B.J. Fogg s first discussion of the domain 1. Fogg characterises computers designed to persuade as the 5th major wave in computing 2. The scope of technologies that hold persuasive potential is broader than ICT alone, and includes persuasive product design and architectural design, yet the interactive nature of computers uniquely enables user-sensitive and user-adaptive responding, allowing persuasive messages to be tailored to the specific user in question, presented at the right place and at the right time, thereby heightening their likely persuasive impact. Persuasive technology has rapidly been gaining the attention of the HCI community, as is testified by the increasing number of publications in this area over recent years. However, to date, no international forum was exclusively devoted to provide a scientific platform for the specific cross-section of social psychology and computer science focused on the study of persuasive technology. PERSUASIVE 2006 was the first international conference entirely geared towards communicating the progress made in the area of persuasive technology, presenting recent results in theory, design, technology and evaluation. In the PERSUASIVE 2006 conference, a particular emphasis was put on those applications that serve a beneficial purpose for humans in terms of increasing health, comfort, and well-being, improving personal relationships, stimulating learning and education, improving environmental conservation, et cetera. The conference aimed to bring together a number of different research fields, including, but not limited to, social psychology, HCI, computer science, industrial design, engineering, game design, environmental psychology, communication science, and human factors. In addition, we tried to appeal to people particularly active in areas such as health care delivery, education, civic affairs, and sustainability, as those areas related to human well-being were particularly targeted through this conference. PERSUASIVE 2006 was organised as a two-day event with full papers, short papers, posters, and special sessions. The conference programme included two invited keynote speakers, B.J. Fogg from Stanford University, USA, and Johan Redström 1 B.J. Fogg (1997). Captology: The study of computers as persuasive technologies. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 97 Extended Abstracts, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, March 22-27, B.J. Fogg (2003). Motivating, influencing and persuading users. In: J.A. Jacko & A. Sears, The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook. Mahwah, NJ, LEA publishers.

5 VI Preface from the Interactive Institute in Sweden. The programme was structured along the lines of the following three major themes: Psychological principles of persuasive technology Persuasive technology: Theory and modelling Persuasive technology: Design, applications and evaluations. In addition, three special sessions were organised, highlighting topic areas that deserve particular attention in the context of persuasive technology: Ambient intelligence and persuasive technology Persuasive gerontechnology Ethics of persuasive technology. The PERSUASIVE 2006 proceedings contain all accepted full and short papers, and some of the keynote and special session papers. The accepted papers were selected from the set of submitted papers through a carefully conducted review process, using blind peer-review. Each long paper received 3 reviews, each short paper at least 2. In cases of doubt (e.g., large variability between reviewers opinions), two of the proceedings editors performed an additional review and debated the paper's strengths and weaknesses, after which a decision followed. We strongly believe this review process has resulted in a final set of accepted full and short papers that is of high quality and innovative value. We are greatly indebted to the members of the programme committee for their excellent work in reviewing the submitted papers and selecting the best papers for presentation at the conference and inclusion in the current LNCS volume. We note here that adjunct proceedings containing extended abstracts for posters were published separately. PERSUASIVE 2006 was hosted by the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, as a joint effort between the Departments of Technology Management and Industrial Design, on May 18 19, We gratefully acknowledge the support from both these departments at TU/e, the JF Schouten School for Research in User-System Interaction, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), SenterNovem IOP Human-Machine Interaction (IOP- MMI), the Rathenau Institute, and Philips. Moreover, we would like to thank all of those who supported the organisation of PERSUASIVE 2006 and who worked hard to make it a success, including Andrés Lucero, for designing the website and conference materials, our secretarial and logistics support, and student volunteers. It is our hope that the conference helped to create common ground between the diverse areas that constitute this new and exciting research field. Moreover, we hope that this LNCS volume will contribute to the building of a community of scientists and designers that will direct their efforts towards the field of persuasive technology in the service of human well-being. March 2006 Wijnand IJsselsteijn Yvonne de Kort Cees Midden Berry Eggen Elise van den Hoven

6 Organisation Organising Committee PERSUASIVE 2006 Programme Chair: Cees Midden (Eindhoven University of Technology) Programme Vice-Chair: Berry Eggen (Eindhoven University of Technology) Organisers: Wijnand IJsselsteijn (Eindhoven University of Technology) Yvonne de Kort (Eindhoven University of Technology) Treasurer: Elise van den Hoven (Eindhoven University of Technology) Graphics Design: Andrés Lucero (Eindhoven University of Technology) Sponsoring Organisations Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Technology Management Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Industrial Design J.F. Schouten School for Research in User-System Interaction Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) SenterNovem IOP Human-Machine Interaction (IOP-MMI) Rathenau Institute Philips Scientific Review Committee Mariano Alcañiz, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain Jeremy Bailenson, Stanford University, USA Gary Bente, University of Cologne, Germany Frank Biocca, Michigan State University, USA Don Bouwhuis, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Tony Brooks, Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark Prabu David, Ohio State University, USA Kees Dorst, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Arie Dijkstra, Groningen University, Netherlands Berry Eggen, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands

7 VIII Organisation Brian Fogg, Stanford University, USA Jonathan Freeman, University of London, Goldsmiths College, UK Luciano Gamberini, University of Padua, Italy Curt Haugtvedt, Ohio State University, USA Elise van den Hoven, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Wijnand IJsselsteijn, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Stephen Intille, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Yvonne de Kort, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Simone Maase, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Panos Markopoulos, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Judith Masthoff, University of Aberdeen, UK Teddy McCalley, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Anneloes Meijnders, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Cees Midden, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands Beth Mynatt, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA Johan Redström, Interactive Institute, Sweden Boris de Ruyter, Philips Research, Netherlands Timo Saari, Center for Knowledge and Innovation Research, Finland Albrecht Schmidt, University of Munich, Germany Peter de Vries, Twente University, Netherlands Tamar Weiss, University of Haifa, Israel Stephan Wensveen, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands

8 Table of Contents Persuasive Technology for Human Well-Being: Setting the Scene Wijnand IJsselsteijn, Yvonne de Kort, Cees Midden, Berry Eggen, Elise van den Hoven... 1 Psychological Principles of Persuasive Technology The Six Most Powerful Persuasion Strategies (Abstract) B.J. Fogg... 6 Changing Induced Moods Via Virtual Reality Rosa María Baños, Víctor Liaño, Cristina Botella, Mariano Alcañiz, Belén Guerrero, Beatriz Rey... 7 Technology Adds New Principles to Persuasive Psychology: Evidence from Health Education Arie Dijkstra Persuasiveness of a Mobile Lifestyle Coaching Application Using Social Facilitation Roland Gasser, Dominique Brodbeck, Markus Degen, Jürg Luthiger, Remo Wyss, Serge Reichlin Cueing Common Ecological Behaviors to Increase Environmental Attitudes Gert Cornelissen, Mario Pandelaere, Luk Warlop Persuasive Appliances: Goal Priming and Behavioral Response to Product-Integrated Energy Feedback Teddy McCalley, Florian Kaiser, Cees Midden, Merijn Keser, Maarten Teunissen The Persuasive Power of Mediated Risk Experiences Anneloes Meijnders, Cees Midden, Teddy McCalley Social Presence as a Conduit to the Social Dimensions of Online Trust Peter de Vries Persuasive Technology: Theory and Modelling Feeling Strangely Fine: The Well-Being Economy in Popular Games Pippin Barr, Rilla Khaled, James Noble, Robert Biddle... 60

9 X Table of Contents Our Place or Mine? Exploration into Collectivism-Focused Persuasive Technology Design Rilla Khaled, Pippin Barr, James Noble, Ronald Fischer, Robert Biddle Persuasion Artifices to Promote Wellbeing Fiorella de Rosis, Irene Mazzotta, Maria Miceli, Isabella Poggi Well-Being to Well Done! : The Development Cycle in Role-Playing Games Pippin Barr, Rilla Khaled, James Noble, Robert Biddle Using Computational Agents to Motivate Diet Change Chris Creed Investigating Social Software as Persuasive Technology Rilla Khaled, Pippin Barr, James Noble, Robert Biddle Towards an Architecture for an Adaptive Persuasive System Hien Nguyen, Judith Masthoff Persuasive Technology: Design, Applications and Evaluations Persuasive Design: Fringes and Foundations Johan Redström The PowerHouse: A Persuasive Computer Game Designed to Raise Awareness of Domestic Energy Consumption Magnus Bang, Carin Torstensson, Cecilia Katzeff Break the Habit! Designing an e-therapy Intervention Using a Virtual Coach in Aid of Smoking Cessation Jorne Grolleman, Betsy van Dijk, Anton Nijholt, Andrée van Emst Persuasive Technologies in Education: Improving Motivation to Read and Write for Children Andrés Lucero, Rodrigo Zuloaga, Selene Mota, Felipe Muñoz Communication and Persuasion Technology: Psychophysiology of Emotions and User-Profiling Egon L. van den Broek, Marleen H. Schut, Kees Tuinenbreijer, Joyce H.D.M. Westerink

10 Table of Contents XI Effect of a Virtual Coach on Athletes Motivation Anke Eyck, Kelvin Geerlings, Dina Karimova, Bernt Meerbeek, Lu Wang, Wijnand IJsselsteijn, Yvonne de Kort, Michiel Roersma, Joyce Westerink Self-management of Vascular Patients Activated by the Internet and Nurses: Rationale and Design Bertine M.B. Goessens, Frank L.J. Visseren, Alexander C. Geerts, Judith Wierdsma, Hubertus W. van den Borne, Ale Algra, Yolanda van der Graaf Visualizing Energy Consumption of Radiators Magnus Gyllensward, Anton Gustafsson, Magnus Bang Ethics of Persuasive Technology Captology: A Critical Review Bernardine M.C. Atkinson Persuasive Gerontechnology Persuasive GERONtechnology: An Introduction Johanna E.M.H. van Bronswijk Persuasive Technology for Leisure and Health: Development of a Personal Navigation Tool Claudine McCreadie, Jonathan Raper, Anil Gunesh, Jo Wood, Kevin Carey, Helen Petrie, Lucy Wood, Ordnance Survey, Steve Tyler, Simon Biggs Persuasive Story Table: Promoting Exchange of Life History Stories Among Elderly in Institutions Kees Knipscheer, Jasper Nieuwesteeg, Johan Oste Persuasive Pillboxes: Improving Medication Adherence with Personal Digital Assistants Anthony A. Sterns, Christopher B. Mayhorn Persuasive GERONtechnology: Reaping Technology s Coaching Benefits at Older Age James L. Fozard, William D. Kearns

11 XII Table of Contents Ambient Intelligence and Persuasive Technology percues: Trails of Persuasion for Ambient Intelligence Manfred Tscheligi, Wolfgang Reitberger, Christoph Obermair, Bernd Ploderer Biofeedback Revisited: Dynamic Displays to Improve Health Trajectories Margaret Morris Author Index